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Database Files

The document outlines the components of a database, including datafiles, control files, and redo log files, emphasizing their importance for data integrity and recovery. It also describes backup files, parameter files, password files, alert logs, and trace files, detailing their functions and significance in database management. Losing any of these critical files can result in the loss of the database or hinder recovery efforts.

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Katelyn Ramphal
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10 views4 pages

Database Files

The document outlines the components of a database, including datafiles, control files, and redo log files, emphasizing their importance for data integrity and recovery. It also describes backup files, parameter files, password files, alert logs, and trace files, detailing their functions and significance in database management. Losing any of these critical files can result in the loss of the database or hinder recovery efforts.

Uploaded by

Katelyn Ramphal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Database: Organized collection of information.

It contains collection of database files stored in disk storage. (physical)

Oracle DBA
Datafiles
contains the actual users data, applications data, metadata.
( Tables, Rows, indexes ,procedures, views…)
Note: If you lose Datafiles, you lose your database.
The extension for datafiles is .dbf
Control files
Stores metadata about the datafiles and online redo log files ( like names ,locations and statuses ) and
this info is required by the database instance to open the database.
Note: If you lose control files, you lose your database.
The extension for Control files is .ctl

Redo log files


stores changes to the database as they occur and are used for data recovery.
Note: If you lose Redo log files, you lose your database.
The extension for redo log file is .log

Database backups files


include any backups of your database that you have taken and placed somewhere safe
Note: it should include the datafiles, control files, redo log files
Archived redo log files (groups of redo log files)
Contains ongoing history of the data changes .
Using these files + backups files you can recover your database 2

Oracle DBA
8:00 am

backup

The backup contains


DB crashed at 10:00 AM data as 8:00 AM

To restore the DB
Parameter file ( spfile, pfile )
This file defines how the database instance is configured when it starts up.
Example: the PGA size PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET
Note: spfile is binary file, you can not edit directly, it should by oracle commands.
If you lose the spfile no issue, you can recreate it again

Password file
stores passwords for users with administrative privileges (sys user) in order to connect remotely.
Note: DBA password cannot be stored in the database, because Oracle cannot access the database before
the instance is started. Therefore, the authentication of the DBA must happen outside of the database

Alert Log File


is a chronological log of messages and errors written out by an Oracle Database.
so this is your go-to file in case you're trying to troubleshoot a problem with your database.
Example: You can see when the database was started and stopped.

Trace File
Each server and background process writes to a trace file.

When a process detects an internal error, it writes information about the error to its trace file.

Oracle DBA
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