UNIT– I
Data Representation: Binary Numbers, Fixed Point Representation, Floating Point
Representation, Number base conversions, Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers, components,
Signed binary numbers, Binary codes.
Digital Logic Circuits-I: Basic Logic Functions, Logic gates, universal logic gates,
Minimization of Logic expressions. K-Map Simplification, Combinational Circuits,
Decoders, Multiplexers.
UNIT– II
Digital Logic Circuits-II: Sequential Circuits, Flip-Flops, Binary counters, Registers, Shift
Registers, Ripple counters.
Basic Structure of Computers: Computer Types, Functional units, Basic operational concepts,
Bus structures, Software, Performance, multiprocessors and multi computers, Computer
Generations, Von- Neumann Architecture.
UNIT– III
Computer Arithmetic: Addition and Subtraction of Signed Numbers, Design of Fast Adders,
Multiplication of Positive Numbers, Signed-operand Multiplication, Fast Multiplication,
Integer Division, Floating-Point Numbers and Operations.
Processor Organization: Fundamental Concepts, Execution of a Complete Instruction,
Multiple-Bus Organization, Hardwired Control and Micro programmed Control.
UNIT– IV
The Memory Organization: Basic Concepts, Semiconductor RAM Memories, Read-Only
Memories, Speed, Size and Cost, Cache Memories, Performance Considerations, Virtual
Memories, Memory Management Requirements, Secondary Storage.
UNIT– V
Input/output Organization: Accessing I/O Devices, Interrupts, Processor Examples, Direct
Memory Access, Buses, Interface Circuits, Standard I/O Interfaces