Basics of Cloud Computing

What is Cloud Computing?

⚫Cloud Computing is defined as storing and accessing

of data and computing services over the internet.
⚫ It doesn’t store any data on your personal computer.
⚫It is the on-demand availability of computer services
like servers, data storage, networking, databases, etc.
⚫The main purpose of cloud computing is to give
access to data centers to many users. Users can also
access data from a remote server.
⚫Examples of Cloud Computing Services: AWS,
Azure, Google Cloud
 Why the Name Cloud?

⚫The term “Cloud” came from a network design that

was used by network engineers to represent the
location of various network devices and there inter-
connection. The shape of this network design was like
a cloud.
 Why Cloud Computing?

⚫With increase in computer and Mobile user’s, data

storage has become a priority in all fields. Large and
small scale businesses today thrive on their data &
they spent a huge amount of money to maintain this
data.
⚫It requires a strong IT support and a storage hub. Not
all businesses can afford high cost of in-house IT
infrastructure and back up support services. For them
Cloud Computing is a cheaper solution. Perhaps its
efficiency in storing data, computation and less
maintenance cost has succeeded to attract even
bigger businesses as well.
⚫ Cloud computing decreases the hardware and software
demand from the user’s side. The only thing that user
must be able to run is the cloud computing systems
interface software, which can be as simple as Web
browser, and the Cloud network takes care of the rest.
⚫ We all have experienced cloud computing at some instant
of time, some of the popular cloud services we have used
or we are still using are mail services like gmail, hotmail or
yahoo etc.
⚫ While accessing e-mail service our data is stored on cloud
server and not on our computer. The technology and
infrastructure behind the cloud is invisible. It is less
important whether cloud services are based on HTTP,
XML, Ruby, PHP or other specific technologies as far as it
is user friendly and functional. An individual user can
connect to cloud system from his/her own devices like
desktop, laptop or mobile.
⚫Cloud computing harnesses small business effectively
having limited resources, it gives small businesses
access to the technologies that previously were out of
their reach. Cloud computing helps small businesses
to convert their maintenance cost into profit. Let’s see
how?
⚫In an in-house IT server, you have to pay a lot of
attention and ensure that there are no flaws into the
system so that it runs smoothly. And in case of any
technical glitch you are completely responsible; it will
seek a lot of attention, time and money for repair.
Whereas, in cloud computing, the service provider
takes the complete responsibility of the complication
and the technical faults.
 Types of Clouds

⚫There are the following 4 types of cloud that you can

deploy according to the organization's needs-
⚫Public Cloud
⚫Public cloud is open to all to store and access
information via the Internet using the pay-per-usage
method.
⚫In public cloud, computing resources are managed
and operated by the Cloud Service Provider (CSP).
⚫Example: Amazon elastic compute cloud (EC2), IBM
SmartCloud Enterprise, Microsoft, Google App
Engine, Windows Azure Services Platform.
⚫Private Cloud
⚫Private cloud is also known as an internal
cloud or corporate cloud. It is used by organizations
to build and manage their own data centers internally
or by the third party. It can be deployed using
Opensource tools such as Openstack and Eucalyptus.
⚫Based on the location and management, National
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) divide
private cloud into the following two parts-
1. On-premise private cloud
2. Outsourced private cloud
⚫ Hybrid Cloud
⚫ Hybrid Cloud is a combination of the public cloud and the
private cloud. we can say:
⚫ Hybrid Cloud = Public Cloud + Private Cloud
⚫ Hybrid cloud is partially secure because the services which
are running on the public cloud can be accessed by
anyone, while the services which are running on a private
cloud can be accessed only by the organization's users.
⚫ Example: Google Application Suite (Gmail, Google Apps,
and Google Drive), Office 365 (MS Office on the Web and
One Drive), Amazon Web Services.
⚫ Use an easily scalable public cloud for your dynamic
workloads, while leaving less volatile, or more sensitive,
workloads to a private cloud or on-premises data center.
⚫Community Cloud
⚫Community cloud allows systems and services to be
accessible by a group of several organizations to share
the information between the organization and a
specific community. It is owned, managed, and
operated by one or more organizations in the
community, a third party, or a combination of them.
⚫The main purpose of Community Cloud is to let
multiple customers work jointly on projects and uses
that are common to the community that uses them.
⚫Example: Health Care community cloud
Benefits of Cloud Computing
⚫ Lower IT infrastructure and computer costs for users
⚫ Improved performance
⚫ Fewer Maintenance issues
⚫ Instant software updates
⚫ Improved compatibility between Operating systems
⚫ Backup and recovery
⚫ Performance and Scalability
⚫ Increased storage capacity
⚫ Increase data safety
 Cloud Computing Applications

⚫ Health Care:
⚫ Medical professionals can do diagnostics, host information, and
analyze patients remotely with the help of cloud computing.
Cloud computing allows doctors to share information quickly
from anywhere. It also saves costs by allowing large data file
transfers instantly. This certainly increases efficiency.
⚫ Education:
⚫ Cloud computing is also useful in educational institutions for
distance learning. It offers various services for universities,
colleges, professors, and teachers to reach thousands of
students all around the world. Companies like Google and
Microsoft offer various services free of charge to faculties,
teachers, professors, and students from various learning
institutions
⚫ Government:
⚫ The U.S. military and government were early adopters of
cloud computing. Their Cloud incorporates social, mobile,
and analytics technologies
⚫ Big data Analytics:
⚫ Cloud computing helps data scientists analyze various
data patterns, insights for better predictions and decision
making. There are many open-source big data
development and analytics tools available like Cassandra,
Hadoop, etc., for this purpose.
⚫ Communication:
⚫ Cloud computing provides network-based access to
communication tools like emails and social media.
WhatsApp also uses a cloud-based infrastructure to
facilitate user communications. All the information is
stored in the service provider’s hardware.
⚫ Business Process:
⚫ Nowadays, many business processes like emails, ERP, CRM, and
document management have become cloud-based services.
⚫ Facebook, Dropbox, and Gmail:
⚫ Cloud computing can be used for the storage of files. It helps
you automatically synchronize the files from different devices
like desktop, tablet, mobile, etc. Dropbox allows users to store
and access files up to 2 GB for free. It also provides an easy
backup feature.
⚫ Social Networking platforms like Facebook demand powerful
hosting to manage and store data in real-time. Cloud-based
communication provides click-to-call facilities from social
networking sites and access to the instant messaging system.
⚫ Citizen Services:
⚫ The cloud technology can be used for handling citizen services
too. It is widely used for storing, managing, updating citizen
details, acknowledging forms, and even verifying the current
status of applications can be performed with the help of cloud
computing.
 Cloud Computing Services
⚫The three major Cloud Computing
Offerings are
⚫Software as a Service (SaaS)
⚫Platform as a Service (PaaS)
⚫Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
⚫Different business use some or all of these
components according to their
requirement.
⚫SaaS (Software as a Service)
⚫SaaS or software as a service is a software distribution
model in which applications are hosted by a vendor or
service provider and made available to customers over
a network (internet). SaaS is becoming an
increasingly prevalent delivery model as underlying
technologies that supports Service Oriented
Architecture (SOA) or Web Services. Through
internet this service is available to users anywhere in
the world.
⚫Traditionaly, software application needed to be
purchased upfront &then installed it onto your
computer. SaaS users on the other hand, instead of
purchasing the software subscribes to it, usually on
monthly basisvia internet.
▪ Anyone who needs an access to a particular piece of software can be
subscribe as a user, whether it is one or two people or every thousands
of employees in a corporation. SaaS is compatible with all internet
enabled devices. Many important tasks like accounting, sales, invoicing
and planning all can be performed using SaaS.
⚫ PaaS (Platform as a Service)
⚫ Platform as a service, is referred as PaaS, it provides a
platform and environment to allow developers to build
applications and services. This service is hosted in the
cloud and accessed by the users via internet.
⚫ To understand in a simple terms, let compare this with
painting a picture, where you are provided with paint
colors, different paint brushes and paper by your school
teacher and you just have to draw a beautiful picture using
those tools.
⚫ PaaS services are constantly updated & new features
added. Software developers, web developers and business
can benefit from PaaS. It provides platform to support
application development. It includes software support and
management services, storage, networking,
deploying, testing, collaborating, hosting and maintaining
applications.
⚫ IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)
⚫ IaaS (Infrastructure As A Service) is one of the
fundamental service model of cloud computing alongside
PaaS( Platform as a Service). It provides access to
computing resources in a virtualized environment “the
cloud” on internet. It provides computing infrastructure
like virtual server space, network connections, bandwidth,
load balancers and IP addresses. The pool of hardware
resource is extracted from multiple servers and networks
usually distributed across numerous data centers. This
provides redundancy and reliability to IaaS.
⚫ IaaS(Infrastructure as a service) is a complete package
for computing. For small scale businesses who are looking
for cutting cost on IT infrastructure, IaaS is one of the
solutions. Annually a lot of money is spent in maintenance
and buying new components like hard-drives, network
connections, external storage device etc. which a business
owner could have saved for other expenses by using IaaS.