Topic 16: Preserving our heritage

Heritage is the legacy of our past. It includes

traditions, culture, art, historical buildings, and stories that
are passed down from one generation to the next.
Preserving our heritage is important because it helps us
understand where we come from, strengthens our sense
of identity, and connects us to our roots.
Despite its importance, in today’s rapidly changing
world, heritage faces many challenges. Urban
development often leads to the destruction of historical
sites as old buildings are replaced by modern structures.
Traditional crafts and languages are disappearing as
younger generations move away from their cultural roots.
Environmental issues like pollution, deforestation, and
climate change are also damaging historical landmarks
and fragile ecosystems that hold cultural significance.
So what we have to do to prevent our cultural sites
from being destroyed? There are several ways to protect
and preserve our heritage. First, education is key.
Educating people, especially young generations, about the
importance of heritage is crucial. Schools, museums, and
cultural centers can teach the history and significance of
traditions, languages, and historic sites. Community
events and storytelling can also pass on knowledge in an
engaging way. Second, governments and organizations
can pass laws to protect historical sites and provide
funding for their maintenance. I believe that establishing
heritage conservation zones and implementing strict
penalties for damaging cultural property are effective
strategies. Moreover, advances in technology allow us to
document and preserve heritage in new ways. Digital
archives, virtual reality tours, and 3D modeling can help
record fragile sites, artifacts, and traditions, ensuring they
are not lost to time.
Preserving our heritage is not just about protecting
the past; it is about building a future that respects and
values history. Our heritage is a source of pride and
identity, and it connects us to our communities. By
working together, we can ensure that our traditions,
stories, and historical landmarks continue to inspire
generations to come.
Topic 17: Education
Today, a lot of teenagers find it difficult to choose
between getting a job or continuing their education after
graduating from high school. Even though there are some
benefits of working straight after school, I believe that
going to college or university is the better option.
There are several reasons why people believe that
getting a job is the better choice. First, if people start to
work at the age of 18, they could earn money on their own
and be able to live independently without their parents’
financial support. In fact, many students in Western
countries tend to find a job after high school to afford their
living. Second, people who choose to start their career
early instead of going to university or college can have
more opportunities to gain real experience and learn
exclusive skills for their jobs. Therefore, this may bring out
a good chance of getting promoted to higher positions
such as managers or executives.
On the other hand, I strongly believe that students
would gain more benefits if they continue their studies.
Firstly, a plenty of employers might ask for high academic
qualifications from people applying for some professional
jobs. For many high-paying jobs such as statisticians,
economists, and medical jobs, master’s degree is one of
the most vital requirements. Secondly, today job market is
more competitive and a bachelor’s degree or master’s
degree in your resumé can be a huge advantage
compared to other applicants. Employers would prefer a
person who has an adequate amount of knowledge to
work efficiently with less training time.
For the above reasons, it seems to me that students
with higher academic background are likely to be more
successful in pursuing their dream jobs.
Topic 18: Population
Population is significant because it affects many
aspects of life, including the economy, environment, and
government policies. For example, areas with a large
population often need more schools, hospitals, and
housing. On the other hand, regions with fewer people
might struggle to grow their economies or provide enough
workers for businesses.
These days, overpopulation has become a global
issue. A rapidly growing population can create challenges.
One major issue is overcrowding. As cities grow, so does
the number of people using public transport, roads, and
vehicles. This often leads to traffic congestion, longer
travel times, and air pollution from cars and buses. Poor
transportation systems can make it harder for people to
get to work, school, or other important places. The size of
a population can also impact the environment. A larger
population often uses more natural resources, such as
trees, water, and fossil fuels. This can lead to
deforestation, water shortages, and climate change.
What we should do to tackle this issue? . Encouraging
family planning helps people make informed decisions
about the size of their families. Governments and
organizations can provide access to birth control,
healthcare, and education about reproductive health.
Empowering women is one of the most effective ways to
control population growth. When women have equal
access to education, employment, and decision-making,
they are more likely to delay marriage and childbirth. This
leads to smaller, healthier families and contributes to a
more balanced population.
Population is a key factor that affects how we live and
interact with the world. While a growing population can
bring challenges, careful planning and sustainable
practices can help ensure a bright future for everyone.
Topic 19: Traffic
Transportation plays an important role in our daily
lives. It helps people travel from one place to another and
move goods quickly and easily. One of the most common
means of transport is the car. Cars are used by millions of
people every day for short and long distances. Buses and
trains are popular public transport options. They are
cheaper than cars and can carry many passengers at
once. Trains are especially fast and efficient for long
journeys, while buses are good for shorter distances within
cities.
Despite the convenience of transportation, raffic is a
daily challenge for many people, especially in busy cities.
One of the biggest causes of traffic is the large number of
cars on the road. In cities with many people, everyone
needs to go to work, school, or other places at the same
time. This creates "rush hours," when roads are most
crowded. Traffic jams happen when there are more cars
than the road can handle. Another cause of traffic is poor
road planning. In some cities, roads are too narrow or
there are not enough lanes. Badly designed intersections
and a lack of traffic lights can also make the problem
worse. When drivers don’t follow the rules, such as
running red lights or not giving way, traffic becomes even
slower and more dangerous.
One important solution is to improve public
transportation. Buses, trains, and subways are great
alternatives to cars. If public transportation is fast, clean,
and affordable, more people will choose it instead of
driving. This can reduce the number of cars on the road
and make traffic flow more easily. Walking and cycling are
other good ways to reduce traffic. Cities can build safe
bike lanes and sidewalks to encourage people to walk or
ride bicycles instead of driving. This not only helps with
traffic but is also good for the environment and people’s
health.

Topic 20: Technology

Technology plays a major role in our lives. It has
changed how we communicate, learn, and work. While
technology has many benefits, it also comes with
drawbacks. Understanding both sides can help us use
technology wisely.
One major benefit of technology is that it makes
communication faster and easier. We can send messages
instantly through phones, emails, and video calls, keeping
us connected with people around the world. However, this
can also lead to problems. Spending too much time on
devices may reduce face-to-face interactions and weaken
relationships. To solve this, we can set limits on screen
time and focus on spending quality time with family and
friends.
Technology also helps us learn and find information.
With the internet, we can access knowledge about almost
anything. Students use apps, videos, and websites to
study, while teachers use smart tools to make lessons
engaging. On the other hand, relying too much on
technology for learning can cause problems like reduced
critical thinking and less focus. To fix this, we should
combine traditional learning methods, like reading books,
with online tools.
At work, technology makes tasks faster and more
efficient. Machines and software handle repetitive jobs,
saving time and energy. However, this has led to concerns
about job loss. Some jobs are now done by machines
instead of people. The solution is to focus on learning new
skills, like coding or problem-solving, to stay useful in a
technology-driven workplace.
Entertainment has greatly improved with technology.
We can watch movies, play games, and listen to music
anytime we want. Social media allows us to share fun
moments with others. However, too much screen time can
harm our health. It can strain our eyes, disrupt our sleep,
and make us less active. To stay healthy, we should take
breaks, exercise regularly, and avoid using devices before
bed.
 In conclusion, technology has both benefits and
drawbacks. It makes life easier, helps us learn, and
entertains us, but it can also lead to overuse, reduced
human connection, and health issues. By using technology
in a balanced way, setting limits, and learning new skills,
we can enjoy its advantages while reducing its problems.
Topic 21: Future jobs
The future job market is an exciting yet uncertain
topic. As technology continues to develop rapidly, the
types of jobs available and the skills required are
changing.

One of the most exciting changes in the future job

market is the rise of new industries. For example,
technology-related fields such as artificial intelligence (AI),
renewable energy, and biotechnology are growing quickly.
These industries create jobs that did not exist in the past.
For instance, jobs like AI engineers, data analysts, and
green energy specialists are now in high demand. People
who learn skills in these areas will have many
opportunities. Remote work is another important trend.
With the internet and digital tools, many jobs can now be
done from home or anywhere in the world. This change
gives workers more flexibility and allows companies to hire
talented people from different countries.
However, the future job market also has challenges.
One major challenge is automation. Machines and robots
are becoming better at doing tasks that humans used to
do. For example, factories now use robots to build
products, and some stores use self-checkout machines
instead of cashiers. While this can make work faster and
cheaper, it also means that some jobs may disappear.
Another challenge is the need for lifelong learning. In
the past, people could often work in the same job or field
for their whole career. Now, skills can become outdated
quickly. Workers need to keep learning new skills to stay
competitive in the job market.
To succeed in the future job market, people need to
be adaptable. Learning new skills, especially in
technology, will be important. Schools and training centers
also play a big role in preparing workers for these
changes. Governments and companies can help by
supporting education and creating programs to teach the
skills needed for future jobs.
In conclusion, the future job market offers many
exciting opportunities but also comes with challenges. By
staying flexible and continuing to learn, people can
prepare themselves for success in a changing world.
Topic 22: Studying abroad
Studying abroad is an exciting opportunity that many
students dream about. It allows people to travel to a
different country, meet new people, and experience a new
culture while continuing their education.
One of the biggest advantages of studying abroad is
learning about a new culture. Students get to see how
people live, eat, and celebrate in another part of the
world. They can try different foods, learn new traditions,
and even pick up a new language. nother benefit is the
chance to grow personally. Living away from home helps
students become more independent and confident. They
have to solve problems on their own, like finding their way
in a new city or managing their finances. These skills are
not only useful for their studies but also for their future
careers and life. Studying abroad can also improve a
person’s education. Many universities in other countries
offer high-quality programs and unique classes that may
not be available at home.
However, studying abroad is not always easy. One
challenge is homesickness. Being far from family and
friends can make students feel lonely. They may miss their
favorite foods, traditions, or holidays from home. Another
difficulty is the language barrier. If students don’t speak
the local language well, it can be hard to communicate
and make friends. Additionally, studying abroad can be
expensive. Tuition fees, plane tickets, and living costs add
up quickly, so it’s important to plan carefully.
In conclusion, studying abroad is a wonderful way to
learn and grow. It offers the chance to experience a new
culture, develop independence, and receive a great
education. While it has challenges like homesickness and
language barriers, the benefits often outweigh the
difficulties. For many students, studying abroad is an
unforgettable adventure that changes their lives for the
better.
Topic 23: Volunteer work
Volunteer work is an activity where people give their
time and skills to help others without expecting payment.
It plays an important role in building strong and caring
communities.
One reason volunteer work is valuable is that it helps
people in need. Many organizations, such as hospitals,
shelters, and schools, rely on volunteers to keep running.
For example, volunteers at food banks help sort and
distribute food to families who might otherwise go hungry.
Without this support, many people would struggle to meet
basic needs. Another benefit of volunteering is that it
teaches important skills. When people volunteer, they
learn how to communicate, solve problems, and work as a
team. These skills can be useful in everyday life and even
in future jobs. For example, a person who volunteers at an
animal shelter might learn how to care for animals and
manage responsibilities, which can help them in a career
as a veterinarian. Volunteering also helps build strong
connections between people. When individuals work
together on a common goal, such as planting trees or
organizing a charity event, they form friendships and
develop trust.
Despite its many benefits, volunteer work also comes
with challenges. One common difficulty is finding time to
volunteer. Many people have busy schedules with work,
school, and family responsibilities, making it hard to
commit to regular volunteer activities. Additionally, some
volunteer tasks can be physically or emotionally
demanding, such as helping in disaster recovery areas or
working with individuals facing serious hardships. Another
challenge is the lack of resources. Nonprofit organizations
often operate on limited budgets, which can make it
difficult to provide proper training, tools, or support for
volunteers. This can lead to frustration and reduced
effectiveness in achieving goals. o address these
challenges, individuals and organizations can take several
steps. For time management, volunteers can look for
flexible opportunities that fit their schedules, such as
virtual volunteering or one-time events. Employers and
schools can also support volunteering by offering time off
or organizing group volunteer activities. For resource
limitations, organizations can seek partnerships with local
businesses or apply for grants to fund volunteer programs.
Providing clear training and setting realistic expectations
can help volunteers feel more prepared and confident in
their roles.
Topic 24: Exams
Exams are a big part of school life for many students.
They are used to test what a student has learned over a
certain period of time. Some people think exams are
helpful, while others find them stressful and unnecessary.
One good thing about exams is that they help
students focus on their studies. When students know there
is an exam coming, they often spend more time reviewing
their lessons and practicing what they have learned. This
can help them remember important information and
improve their understanding of the subject. Exams also
show teachers how well their students are doing. If a
student does well on an exam, it may mean they
understand the material. If not, the teacher can help them
in areas where they are struggling.
On the other hand, exams can cause a lot of stress.
Many students feel nervous and worried when they have
to take an exam. This stress can make it hard for them to
concentrate and do their best. Some students may even
forget what they know because they are so anxious.
Another problem is that exams do not always show the
true ability of a student. Some people are not good at
taking tests, even if they are very smart and work hard.
Exams may only test memory, not creativity or problem-
solving skills.
In conclusion, exams have both good and bad sides.
They can help students focus and show teachers how
much students have learned. However, they can also
cause stress and may not always be a fair way to judge
someone's ability. It is important to find a balance so that
exams can be useful without being too hard on students.
Topic 25: social webpages
Social webpages, also known as social media
platforms, have become an important part of our daily
lives. Websites like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and
TikTok allow people to connect, share, and communicate
with others all over the world. These platforms have
changed the way we interact with each other, both
personally and professionally. However, social media also
has both positive and negative effects.
One of the main benefits of social webpages is the
ability to stay connected with friends and family. People
can share pictures, updates, and messages with loved
ones, no matter how far apart they are. This is especially
important for people who live in different countries or
regions. Social webpages help people stay in touch and
share important moments, like birthdays, holidays, or
special achievements. It also allows people to make new
friends with similar interests, which can lead to meaningful
relationships.
Moreover, social media has become a powerful tool
for businesses and brands. Companies use social
platforms to advertise their products and services to a
large audience. Social webpages allow businesses to
interact with customers and get feedback on their
products. This helps them improve their services and
create a loyal customer base. For many entrepreneurs,
social media has opened up new opportunities to reach
customers they wouldn't have been able to access
through traditional methods.
However, there are also some negative effects of
social media. One of the biggest concerns is privacy. Many
people share personal information on social platforms,
sometimes without realizing the risks involved. Hackers or
strangers can misuse this information. Additionally, social
media can sometimes lead to feelings of loneliness or low
self-esteem. People often post only their happiest
moments, which can make others feel like their own lives
are not as exciting. This can cause negative emotions and
stress, especially among young people.
Another problem with social webpages is the spread
of misinformation. On platforms like Facebook or Twitter,
anyone can post anything, whether it is true or not. Fake
news can spread quickly, causing confusion and panic.
This is especially dangerous in situations like elections or
public health issues, where accurate information is critical.

Topic 26: travelling

Travelling is one of the most exciting and enjoyable
activities people can do. It allows you to see new places,
meet different people, and experience new cultures.
Whether you travel to a nearby city or to a faraway
country, each journey has something unique to offer.
One of the main reasons people travel is to explore
new places. When you visit a new destination, you get the
chance to see beautiful landscapes, historical buildings,
and famous landmarks. For example, some people visit
the Eiffel Tower in Paris, while others might enjoy the
beaches in Hawaii or the mountains in Switzerland. These
experiences are unforgettable, and they help you
appreciate the beauty of the world.
Travelling also gives you the opportunity to learn
about other cultures. Every country has its own customs,
traditions, and ways of life. By meeting locals and learning
about their habits, you become more open-minded and
respectful of differences.
Another benefit of travelling is the chance to try new
foods. Different places offer unique dishes that you may
never have tasted before. Whether it's sushi in Japan,
pasta in Italy, or curry in India, food is an important part of
the travel experience. Trying new flavors can be exciting,
and it can also help you understand a culture better.
Travelling can also have a positive impact on your
personal growth. It helps you become more independent,
as you need to plan your trip, navigate through unfamiliar
places, and solve problems that might arise. These
experiences build confidence and teach you to be
adaptable. You also learn to appreciate the little things in
life, like meeting new people or simply enjoying a peaceful
moment in nature.
Of course, there are challenges to travelling as well.
Sometimes, there are language barriers, or you may have
trouble finding your way around. Travel can also be
expensive, and you may face unexpected problems, like
flight delays. However, these challenges are often part of
the adventure, and they can teach you valuable lessons.
 In conclusion, travelling is a wonderful activity that
offers a wide range of benefits. It allows you to explore
new places, learn about different cultures, try new foods,
and grow as a person. While there may be some
challenges along the way, the rewards of travelling are
worth it. So, whether you are planning a short trip or a
long journey, travelling is always a great way to enrich
your life.
Topic 27: Smoking
Smoking is a dangerous habit that affects many
people around the world. Despite knowing the risks, some
individuals continue to smoke because they are addicted
to nicotine, the addictive substance found in tobacco.
Firstly, smoking is harmful to the lungs and heart.
When a person smokes, they breathe in harmful chemicals
such as tar and carbon monoxide. These substances can
cause serious diseases like lung cancer and heart disease.
Smoking weakens the lungs, making it harder to breathe
and increasing the risk of infections. It also makes the
heart work harder, leading to an increased chance of
having a heart attack or stroke.
Secondly, smoking can affect the people around you.
When a smoker exhales, they release smoke into the air,
which others can breathe in. This is known as second-hand
smoke, and it can cause serious health problems for non-
smokers. Children, in particular, are at risk because their
bodies are still developing. Pregnant women who are
exposed to second-hand smoke are also more likely to
have premature babies or babies with low birth weight.
Lastly, smoking is expensive and can lead to financial
problems. A person who smokes may spend a lot of money
on cigarettes over time. This money could be used for
healthier activities, like exercising or spending time with
family and friends. Quitting smoking can save money,
improve overall well-being, and prevent the development
of smoking-related diseases.
In conclusion, smoking is a harmful habit that affects
both the smoker and those around them. It causes serious
health problems like lung cancer, heart disease, and
respiratory issues. It also harms people through second-
hand smoke. Stopping smoking is important for improving
health, saving money, and protecting the people we care
about. It may be difficult, but it is never too late to quit
and start living a healthier life.