Cheatsheets / Learn Python 3
Loops
break Keyword
In a loop, the break keyword exits the loop numbers = [0, 254, 2, -1, 3]
immediately, regardless of the iteration number. Once
break executes, the program will continue executing
from the first line after the loop. for num in numbers:
In this example, the output would be: if (num < 0):
0 print("Negative number detected!")
254
break
2
print(num)
Negative number detected!
# 0
# 254
# 2
# Negative number detected!
Python List Comprehension
Python list comprehensions provide a concise way for # List comprehension for the squares of
creating lists. It consists of brackets containing an
expression followed by a for clause, then zero or more
all even numbers between 0 and 9
for or if clauses: [EXPRESSION for ITEM in result = [x**2 for x in range(10) if x %
LIST <if CONDITIONAL>] . 2 == 0]
The expressions can be anything - any kind of object
can go into a list.
A list comprehension always returns a list. print(result)
# [0, 4, 16, 36, 64]
Python For Loop
A Python for loop can be used to iterate over a list for <temporary variable> in <list
of items and perform a set of actions on each item. The
variable>:
syntax of a for loop consists of assigning a
temporary value to a variable on each successive <action statement>
iteration. <action statement>
When writing a for loop, remember to properly
indent each action, otherwise an
#each num in nums will be printed below
IndentationError will result.
nums = [1,2,3,4,5]
for num in nums:
print(num)
The Python continue Keyword
In Python, the continue keyword is used inside a big_number_list = [1, 2, -1, 4, -5, 5, 2,
loop to skip the remaining code inside the loop code
-9]
block and begin the next loop iteration.
# Print only positive numbers:
for i in big_number_list:
if i < 0:
continue
print(i)
Python Loops with range() .
In Python, a for loop can be used to perform an # Print the numbers 0, 1, 2:
action a specific number of times in a row.
for i in range(3):
The range() function can be used to create a list
that can be used to specify the number of iterations in print(i)
a for loop.
# Print "WARNING" 3 times:
for i in range(3):
print("WARNING")
Infinite Loop
An infinite loop is a loop that never terminates. Infinite
loops result when the conditions of the loop prevent it
from terminating. This could be due to a typo in the
conditional statement within the loop or incorrect
logic. To interrupt a Python program that is running
forever, press the Ctrl and C keys together on
your keyboard.
Python while Loops
In Python, a while loop will repeatedly execute a # This loop will only run 1 time
code block as long as a condition evaluates to True .
hungry = True
The condition of a while loop is always checked
first before the block of code runs. If the condition is
while hungry:
not met initially, then the code block will never run. print("Time to eat!")
hungry = False
# This loop will run 5 times
i = 1
while i < 6:
print(i)
i = i + 1
Python Nested Loops
In Python, loops can be nested inside other loops. groups = [["Jobs", "Gates"], ["Newton",
Nested loops can be used to access items of lists which
"Euclid"], ["Einstein", "Feynman"]]
are inside other lists. The item selected from the outer
loop can be used as the list for the inner loop to iterate
over. # This outer loop will iterate over each
list in the groups list
for group in groups:
# This inner loop will go through each
name in each list
for name in group:
print(name)
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