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Edge Detection Techniques in Python

The document provides Python code examples for various edge detection techniques using the OpenCV library, including the Sobel operator, Prewitt operator, Canny edge detector, and Laplacian operator. Each method reads an image, processes it to detect edges, and displays both the original and processed images. The code demonstrates the application of different convolution kernels and methods for edge detection in grayscale images.

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Ramu Vankudoth
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42 views3 pages

Edge Detection Techniques in Python

The document provides Python code examples for various edge detection techniques using the OpenCV library, including the Sobel operator, Prewitt operator, Canny edge detector, and Laplacian operator. Each method reads an image, processes it to detect edges, and displays both the original and processed images. The code demonstrates the application of different convolution kernels and methods for edge detection in grayscale images.

Uploaded by

Ramu Vankudoth
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sobel Operator:

import cv2

import numpy as np

# Read the input image

image = cv2.imread('C://Users//HP//OneDrive//Desktop//Anna//Ramu.jpg',cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)

# Apply Sobel operator in x and y directions

sobelx = cv2.Sobel(image, cv2.CV_64F, 1, 0, ksize=3) # Sobel operator in x direction

sobely = cv2.Sobel(image, cv2.CV_64F, 0, 1, ksize=3) # Sobel operator in y direction

# Combine the results to get the final edge-detected image

sobel_combined = cv2.sqrt(cv2.add(cv2.pow(sobelx, 2), cv2.pow(sobely, 2)))

# Convert the result to the appropriate data type for visualization

sobel_combined = np.uint8(sobel_combined)

# Display the original and edge-detected images

cv2.imshow('Original Image', image)

cv2.imshow('Sobel Edge Detection', sobel_combined)

cv2.waitKey(0)

cv2.destroyAllWindows()

Prewitt Operator:

import cv2

import numpy as np

def prewitt_operator(image):

# Convert the image to grayscale

gray_image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

# Apply Prewitt kernels for horizontal and vertical edge detection

kernel_x = np.array([[-1, 0, 1],

[-1, 0, 1],

[-1, 0, 1]])
kernel_y = np.array([[-1, -1, -1],

[ 0, 0, 0],

[ 1, 1, 1]])

# Convolve the image with the kernels

gradient_x = cv2.filter2D(gray_image, -1, kernel_x)

gradient_y = cv2.filter2D(gray_image, -1, kernel_y)

# Compute the magnitude of the gradients

magnitude = np.sqrt(np.square(gradient_x) + np.square(gradient_y))

# Normalize the magnitude to the range [0, 255]

magnitude *= 255.0 / np.max(magnitude)

magnitude = magnitude.astype(np.uint8)

return magnitude

# Load an image

image = cv2.imread('C://Users//HP//OneDrive//Desktop//Anna//Ramu.jpg')

# Apply the Prewitt operator

edges = prewitt_operator(image)

# Display the original and edge-detected images

cv2.imshow('Original Image', image)

cv2.imshow('Prewitt Edge Detection', edges)

cv2.waitKey(0)

cv2.destroyAllWindows()

Canny Edge Detector:

import cv2

# Load the image

image = cv2.imread('C://Users//HP//OneDrive//Desktop//Anna//Ramu.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)

# Apply Canny edge detection

edges = cv2.Canny(image, 100, 200) # Adjust the thresholds as needed


# Display the original and Canny edge detected images

cv2.imshow('Original', image)

cv2.imshow('Canny Edges', edges)

cv2.waitKey(0)

cv2.destroyAllWindows()

Laplacian Operator:

import cv2

import numpy as np

# Load the image

image = cv2.imread('C://Users//HP//OneDrive//Desktop//Anna//Ramu.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)

# Apply Laplacian operator

laplacian = cv2.Laplacian(image, cv2.CV_64F)

# Convert the result to uint8

laplacian_uint8 = np.uint8(np.absolute(laplacian))

# Display the original and Laplacian filtered images

cv2.imshow('Original', image)

cv2.imshow('Laplacian', laplacian_uint8)

cv2.waitKey(0)

cv2.destroyAllWindows()

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