Project 1: Azure DevOps Pipeline for Automated Database

Schema Deployment

1. Project Scope
This project focuses on automating the deployment of database schema updates using Azure DevOps
Pipelines. When a developer updates the database schema (e.g., adding a new column, modifying a
table), the pipeline will automatically validate and apply the changes to the database.

Key Features:
✅✅Automate database schema changes with version control​

✅
✅
Ensure safe deployments with pre-deployment validation​
Implement rollback in case of failure​

✅ Ensure consistency across environments (Dev, QA, Staging, Prod)

Improve collaboration between Dev and DB teams​

2. Tools Used
●​ Azure DevOps Pipelines – Automates the deployment process
●​ Azure SQL Database – Target database for schema changes
●​ SQL Server Data Tools (SSDT) – Schema validation
●​ DACPAC (Data-tier Application Package) – Schema deployment format
●​ SQLCMD – Executes SQL scripts
●​ Azure Key Vault – Securely stores database credentials
●​ PowerShell – Automates database operations

3. Analysis Approach
Challenges Without Automation

❌❌Manual schema updates can introduce errors​

❌ Developers may forget to apply updates to all environments​

❌ Schema drift (inconsistencies across databases)​

Rollback is time-consuming

Proposed Solution

✅✅Use Azure DevOps Pipelines to automate schema deployment​

✅ Validate SQL scripts before applying them​

✅ Implement rollback strategy for failed deployments​

Use DACPAC to track schema changes and maintain consistency
4. Step-by-Step Implementation
Step 1: Create an Azure DevOps Repository

1.​ Go to Azure DevOps → Repos → New Repository

2.​ Clone the repo and create a Database folder
3.​ Add a sample SQL project (.sqlproj)

Step 2: Develop and Store SQL Scripts

1.​ Inside the Database folder, create:

○​ Tables/Users.sql
○​ Tables/Orders.sql
○​ Procedures/UpdateUserDetails.sql
2.​ Use SQL Server Data Tools (SSDT) to package .sqlproj into a DACPAC file

Step 3: Create a CI Pipeline for SQL Validation

1.​ Navigate to Azure DevOps → Pipelines → New Pipeline

2.​ Choose Azure Repos Git
3.​ Add the following YAML for schema validation:

Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:

- main

pool:

vmImage: 'windows-latest'

steps:

- task: VSBuild@1

displayName: 'Build SQL Database Project'

 inputs:

solution: '**/*.sqlproj'

platform: 'Any CPU'

configuration: 'Release'

- task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1

displayName: 'Publish DACPAC File'

inputs:

pathToPublish: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)'

artifactName: 'DACPAC'

Step 4: Create a CD Pipeline for Deployment

1.​ Go to Azure DevOps → Releases → New Release Pipeline

2.​ Select Azure SQL Database Deployment
3.​ Configure the task with:
○​ Azure Subscription: Link your Azure account
○​ Database Type: Azure SQL Database
○​ Deploy Method: DACPAC
4.​ Modify the pipeline YAML:

Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:

- main

pool:
 vmImage: 'windows-latest'

steps:

- task: SqlAzureDacpacDeployment@1

inputs:

azureSubscription: 'MyAzureSubscription'

serverName: 'mydatabase.database.windows.net'

databaseName: 'MyDB'

authenticationType: 'servicePrincipal'

dacpacFile: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)/DACPAC/*.dacpac'

Step 5: Implement Rollback Strategy

If deployment fails:

●​ Restore the previous DACPAC using:

Unset
sqlpackage.exe /Action:Publish
/SourceFile:"$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)/PreviousDACPAC.dacpac"

5. Conclusion
🚀✅Key Benefits of Automated Database Deployment: ✅ No manual intervention needed​

✅ Schema remains consistent across environments​

✅ Reduced risk of human error​

Easy rollback in case of issues

6. Real-Time Example
A financial services company with multiple databases can use this approach to ensure schema
consistency, prevent manual errors, and deploy changes securely without downtime.
Project 2: Implementing Secure DevOps with Azure Policy and
Compliance as Code

1. Project Scope
This project focuses on automating security compliance using Azure Policy and Compliance as Code
within Azure DevOps Pipelines. The goal is to enforce security rules across cloud resources, ensuring
that every deployment follows organizational policies.

Key Features:
✅✅Automate compliance checks for Azure resources​

✅
✅
Prevent non-compliant deployments​
Use Azure DevOps Pipelines to apply policies automatically​

✅ Ensure governance across multiple subscriptions

Monitor compliance in real-time​

2. Tools Used
●​ Azure Policy – Defines and enforces compliance rules
●​ Azure DevOps Pipelines – Automates policy deployment
●​ Azure CLI / PowerShell – Manages policy definitions
●​ Azure Monitor & Compliance Center – Tracks violations
●​ Terraform / Bicep – Deploys policies as code
●​ Azure Key Vault – Stores secure credentials

3. Analysis Approach
Challenges Without Compliance Automation

❌❌Cloud misconfigurations lead to security risks​

❌ Developers may deploy resources without following security guidelines​

❌ Lack of visibility into non-compliant resources

Manual audits are time-consuming and error-prone​

Proposed Solution

✅✅Use Azure Policy as Code to enforce security best practices​

✅ Integrate Azure DevOps Pipelines to apply policies at every deployment​

✅ Automate remediation for non-compliant resources

Monitor violations using Azure Security Center​
4. Step-by-Step Implementation
Step 1: Create a Policy Definition in Azure

1.​ Open Azure Portal → Policy

2.​ Click Definitions → Add Policy Definition
3.​ Use the following JSON to prevent public IP creation:

Unset
{

"mode": "All",

"policyRule": {

"if": {

"field":
"Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses/publicIPAllocationMethod",

"equals": "Static"

},

"then": {

"effect": "Deny"

4.​ Click Save and Assign Policy to a Subscription.

Step 2: Automate Policy Deployment Using Bicep in Azure DevOps

1.​ Create a Bicep file (policy.bicep) for policy definition:

 Unset
resource policyDef
'Microsoft.Authorization/policyDefinitions@2020-09-01' = {

name: 'deny-public-ip'

properties: {

displayName: 'Deny Public IP'

policyType: 'Custom'

mode: 'All'

policyRule: {

if: {

field:
'Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses/publicIPAllocationMethod'

equals: 'Static'

then: {

effect: 'Deny'

Step 3: Create an Azure DevOps Pipeline for Policy Deployment

1.​ Navigate to Azure DevOps → Pipelines → New Pipeline

2.​ Select Azure Repos Git
3.​ Create a new YAML pipeline:
 Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:

- main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

steps:

- task: AzureCLI@2

displayName: 'Deploy Policy using Bicep'

inputs:

azureSubscription: 'MyAzureSubscription'

scriptType: 'bash'

scriptLocation: 'inlineScript'

inlineScript: |

az deployment sub create --location eastus --template-file

policy.bicep

Step 4: Validate Policy Enforcement

1.​ Test non-compliance by trying to create a public IP manually:

 Unset
az network public-ip create --resource-group MyRG --name MyPublicIP
--allocation-method Static

2.​ If the policy is applied correctly, Azure will deny the request.

Step 5: Automate Compliance Reporting

1.​ Enable Azure Monitor Logs to track violations:

Unset
az policy state list --query "[?complianceState=='NonCompliant']"

2.​ Send alerts when non-compliance is detected using Azure Monitor.

5. Conclusion
🚀✅Key Benefits of Azure Policy Automation:​

✅
✅
Prevents security misconfigurations before deployment​
Ensures compliance with organizational policies​

✅ Provides real-time monitoring and alerts for violations

Automates policy enforcement with DevOps workflows​

6. Real-Time Example
A healthcare company handling sensitive data can use Azure Policy as Code to enforce HIPAA
compliance, ensuring that no resources expose data to the public cloud.
Project 3: Implementing Multi-Stage CI/CD Pipeline with Azure
DevOps for Microservices Deployment

1. Project Scope
This project focuses on setting up a multi-stage CI/CD pipeline in Azure DevOps to deploy a
microservices-based application to Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS). Each microservice will be
built, tested, and deployed independently using a multi-stage pipeline.

Key Features:
✅✅Automate build, test, and deployment of microservices​

✅
✅
Use Docker & Kubernetes for containerized deployment​
Implement Canary & Rolling updates​

✅ Secure secrets using Azure Key Vault

Manage configurations with Helm​

2. Tools Used
●​ Azure DevOps Pipelines – Automate CI/CD
●​ Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) – Host containerized microservices
●​ Docker & Azure Container Registry (ACR) – Store images
●​ Helm – Manage Kubernetes deployments
●​ Azure Key Vault – Store sensitive configurations
●​ Prometheus & Grafana – Monitor microservices

3. Analysis Approach
Challenges Without a Multi-Stage Pipeline

❌❌Microservices deployments are inconsistent​

❌ Manual testing increases deployment delays​

❌ Security risks due to hardcoded secrets

Lack of automated rollback increases downtime​

Proposed Solution

✅✅Implement a multi-stage pipeline with separate build, test, and deploy stages​

✅ Automate deployment using Helm & Kubernetes​

✅ Enable rolling updates for zero downtime

Secure configurations using Azure Key Vault​
4. Step-by-Step Implementation
Step 1: Create an AKS Cluster

1.​ Provision an Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) Cluster:

Unset
az group create --name MyResourceGroup --location eastus

az aks create --resource-group MyResourceGroup --name MyAKSCluster

--node-count 3 --generate-ssh-keys

2.​ Connect to AKS Cluster:

Unset
az aks get-credentials --resource-group MyResourceGroup --name
MyAKSCluster

Step 2: Set Up Azure DevOps Repository & Docker Configuration

1.​ Create a repository in Azure DevOps

2.​ Add microservices source code (/microservices/user-service/,
/microservices/order-service/)
3.​ Create a Dockerfile for each microservice (Example: user-service/Dockerfile):

Unset
FROM node:14

WORKDIR /app

COPY package.json .

RUN npm install

COPY . .

CMD ["node", "server.js"]

4.​ Push code to Azure Repos:

 Unset
git add .

git commit -m "Initial commit"

git push origin main

Step 3: Implement CI Pipeline for Building & Pushing Docker Images

1.​ Go to Azure DevOps → Pipelines → New Pipeline

2.​ Create a YAML pipeline (ci-pipeline.yml):

Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:

- main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

stages:

- stage: Build

jobs:

- job: Build

steps:

- task: Docker@2

inputs:
 command: 'buildAndPush'

repository: 'myacr.azurecr.io/user-service'

dockerfile: 'microservices/user-service/Dockerfile'

containerRegistry: 'MyAzureContainerRegistry'

tags: '$(Build.BuildId)'

- task: Docker@2

inputs:

command: 'buildAndPush'

repository: 'myacr.azurecr.io/order-service'

dockerfile: 'microservices/order-service/Dockerfile'

containerRegistry: 'MyAzureContainerRegistry'

tags: '$(Build.BuildId)'

Step 4: Implement CD Pipeline for Microservices Deployment

1.​ Create a Kubernetes Deployment YAML (k8s-deployment.yaml):

Unset
apiVersion: apps/v1

kind: Deployment

metadata:

name: user-service

spec:
 replicas: 2

selector:

matchLabels:

app: user-service

template:

metadata:

labels:

app: user-service

spec:

containers:

- name: user-service

image: myacr.azurecr.io/user-service:latest

ports:

- containerPort: 3000

2.​ Modify the CD pipeline (cd-pipeline.yml):

Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:

- main

pool:
 vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

stages:

- stage: Deploy

jobs:

- job: Deploy

steps:

- task: Kubernetes@1

inputs:

connectionType: 'Azure Resource Manager'

azureSubscription: 'MyAzureSubscription'

azureResourceGroup: 'MyResourceGroup'

kubernetesCluster: 'MyAKSCluster'

namespace: 'default'

command: 'apply'

useConfigurationFile: true

configuration: 'k8s-deployment.yaml'

Step 5: Secure Secrets Using Azure Key Vault

1.​ Create an Azure Key Vault:

Unset
az keyvault create --name MyKeyVault --resource-group MyResourceGroup
--location eastus
 2.​ Store API keys and database credentials:

Unset
az keyvault secret set --vault-name MyKeyVault --name
"DBConnectionString" --value "Server=myserver;Database=mydb;"

3.​ Modify Kubernetes deployment to use secrets:

Unset
env:

- name: DB_CONNECTION_STRING

valueFrom:

secretKeyRef:

name: azure-keyvault

key: DBConnectionString

Step 6: Implement Rolling Updates & Rollback

1.​ Enable rolling updates in Kubernetes:

Unset
strategy:

type: RollingUpdate

rollingUpdate:

maxUnavailable: 1

maxSurge: 1

2.​ Rollback if needed:

 Unset
kubectl rollout undo deployment user-service

5. Conclusion
🚀✅Key Benefits of Multi-Stage CI/CD Pipeline for Microservices:​

✅
✅
Automates deployments across multiple environments​
Enables faster releases with minimal downtime​

✅ Enhances security by managing secrets centrally​

Improves scalability with Kubernetes

6. Real-Time Example
A large e-commerce platform deploying multiple microservices (cart, orders, payments) can use
Azure DevOps Pipelines to ensure continuous delivery with zero downtime.
Project 4: Implementing Azure DevOps CI/CD Pipeline for
Infrastructure as Code (IaC) using Bicep

1. Project Scope
This project focuses on Infrastructure as Code (IaC) with Bicep to automate the provisioning and
management of Azure resources using Azure DevOps Pipelines. Instead of using ARM templates,
Bicep provides a simpler syntax while still leveraging Azure’s native deployment capabilities.

Key Features:
✅✅Automate Infrastructure Deployment using Bicep​

✅
✅
Manage Infrastructure as Code (IaC) in Azure DevOps​
Implement Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) policies​

✅ Enable rollback in case of failed deployments

Ensure consistency across environments (Dev, QA, Prod)​

2. Tools Used
●​ Azure DevOps Pipelines – Automate deployments
●​ Bicep – Declarative IaC language for Azure
●​ Azure CLI – Manages Azure resources via scripts
●​ Azure Key Vault – Securely stores credentials
●​ Azure Storage Account – Stores deployment logs
●​ PowerShell & YAML – Automation scripting

3. Analysis Approach
Challenges Without Infrastructure as Code (IaC)

❌❌Manual deployments are error-prone and time-consuming​

❌ Difficult to track changes in infrastructure​

❌ Security risks due to hardcoded credentials

No version control, making rollback difficult​

Proposed Solution

✅✅Define Azure infrastructure as code using Bicep​

✅ Automate resource provisioning via Azure DevOps​

✅ Store secrets in Azure Key Vault

Use RBAC policies to ensure secure deployments​
4. Step-by-Step Implementation
Step 1: Create an Azure DevOps Repository for Bicep Code

1.​ Go to Azure DevOps → Repos → New Repository

2.​ Clone the repo and create a new directory:

Unset
git clone https://dev.azure.com/MyOrg/BicepDeployment.git

cd BicepDeployment

mkdir bicep-files

3.​ Inside the bicep-files folder, create a Bicep template (main.bicep) to deploy an Azure
Storage Account:

Unset
resource storageAccount 'Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts@2021-09-01'
= {

name: 'myuniquestorageaccount'

location: 'East US'

sku: {

name: 'Standard_LRS'

kind: 'StorageV2'

4.​ Commit and push the code to Azure Repos:

Unset
git add .

git commit -m "Added Bicep template"

 git push origin main

Step 2: Configure an Azure DevOps CI Pipeline for Bicep Validation

1.​ Go to Azure DevOps → Pipelines → New Pipeline

2.​ Select Azure Repos Git as the source
3.​ Create a new YAML pipeline (bicep-ci.yml):

Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:

- main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

steps:

- task: AzureCLI@2

displayName: 'Validate Bicep Template'

inputs:

azureSubscription: 'MyAzureSubscription'

scriptType: 'bash'

scriptLocation: 'inlineScript'

inlineScript: |
 az bicep build --file bicep-files/main.bicep

4.​ Run the pipeline to validate the Bicep syntax.

Step 3: Create an Azure DevOps CD Pipeline for Deployment

1.​ Navigate to Azure DevOps → Pipelines → New Release Pipeline

2.​ Select Azure Resource Group Deployment
3.​ Modify the pipeline YAML (bicep-cd.yml) for deployment:

Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:

- main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

steps:

- task: AzureCLI@2

displayName: 'Deploy Bicep Template'

inputs:

azureSubscription: 'MyAzureSubscription'

scriptType: 'bash'

scriptLocation: 'inlineScript'
 inlineScript: |

az deployment group create --resource-group MyResourceGroup

--template-file bicep-files/main.bicep

4.​ Run the pipeline to deploy resources automatically.

Step 4: Secure Infrastructure Using Azure Key Vault

1.​ Create an Azure Key Vault:

Unset
az keyvault create --name MyKeyVault --resource-group MyResourceGroup
--location eastus

2.​ Store sensitive credentials in Key Vault:

Unset
az keyvault secret set --vault-name MyKeyVault --name
"StorageAccountKey" --value "my-secure-key"

3.​ Modify Bicep to retrieve secrets from Key Vault:

Unset
param storageKey string =
resourceId('Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults/secrets', 'MyKeyVault',
'StorageAccountKey')

Step 5: Implement Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) Policies

1.​ Assign "Contributor" role to DevOps pipeline:

 Unset
az role assignment create --assignee "<pipeline-service-principal>"
--role Contributor --scope
"/subscriptions/<subscription-id>/resourceGroups/MyResourceGroup"

2.​ Modify Bicep to enforce RBAC roles:

Unset
resource roleAssignment
'Microsoft.Authorization/roleAssignments@2020-10-01-preview' = {

name: guid('MyResourceGroup', 'Contributor')

properties: {

roleDefinitionId:
'/providers/Microsoft.Authorization/roleDefinitions/<role-id>'

principalId: '<pipeline-service-principal>'

Step 6: Implement Rollback in Case of Failed Deployment

1.​ Use Azure Deployment History to track changes:

Unset
az deployment group show --resource-group MyResourceGroup --name latest

2.​ Rollback to previous version if deployment fails:

Unset
az deployment group create --resource-group MyResourceGroup --mode
Complete --template-file previous-template.bicep
5. Conclusion
🚀✅Key Benefits of Bicep for IaC in Azure DevOps:​

✅
✅
Simplifies Infrastructure as Code with an easy syntax​
Ensures consistent deployments across multiple environments​

✅ Secures credentials using Azure Key Vault​

Provides rollback capabilities for failed deployments

6. Real-Time Example
A financial services company managing multiple Azure environments (Dev, Staging, Prod) can use
Bicep with Azure DevOps to automate and standardize infrastructure deployments while ensuring
security and compliance.
Project 5: Implementing Azure DevOps Pipeline for Automated
Security Scanning using SonarQube and WhiteSource

1. Project Scope
This project focuses on integrating automated security scanning into an Azure DevOps CI/CD
pipeline using SonarQube for code quality analysis and WhiteSource (Mend) for open-source
dependency security checks.

Key Features:
✅✅Identify vulnerabilities early in the development lifecycle​

✅
✅
Enforce code quality using SonarQube​
Scan for security vulnerabilities in open-source dependencies using WhiteSource​

✅ Generate reports for auditing and compliance

Prevent insecure code from being deployed​

2. Tools Used
●​ Azure DevOps Pipelines – Automates the security scanning process
●​ SonarQube – Performs static code analysis
●​ WhiteSource (Mend) – Scans for open-source security vulnerabilities
●​ Azure Key Vault – Stores sensitive API keys
●​ Azure Artifacts – Securely stores scanned and approved builds
●​ OWASP Dependency-Check – Identifies known vulnerabilities in dependencies

3. Analysis Approach
Challenges Without Security Scanning

❌❌Vulnerabilities may exist in deployed applications​

❌ No automated enforcement of security best practices​

❌ Lack of visibility into application security

Insecure dependencies could introduce risks​

Proposed Solution

✅✅Automate security scanning for every code commit​

✅ Block builds if security issues are found​

✅ Ensure compliance with security policies

Monitor security posture using SonarQube dashboards​
4. Step-by-Step Implementation
Step 1: Set Up SonarQube in Azure DevOps

1.​ Install SonarQube Extension:​

○​ Go to Azure DevOps → Extensions Marketplace

○​ Search for SonarQube and install it
2.​ Create a SonarQube Server in Azure:​

○​ Deploy SonarQube using Azure Container Instances:

Unset
az container create --resource-group SecurityRG --name SonarQubeServer
\

--image sonarqube --cpu 2 --memory 4 \

--ports 9000 --restart-policy Always

3.​ ​
Generate a SonarQube Token:​

○​ Login to http://<SonarQubeServer-IP>:9000
○​ Navigate to Administration → Security → Generate Token
4.​ Store SonarQube Token in Azure Key Vault:​

Unset
az keyvault secret set --vault-name SecurityVault --name SonarQubeToken
--value "<generated-token>"

Step 2: Add SonarQube Scanning to Azure DevOps Pipeline

1.​ Go to Azure DevOps → Pipelines → New Pipeline

2.​ Modify the CI/CD pipeline (sonar-pipeline.yml):

Unset
trigger:

branches:
 include:

- main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

variables:

sonarToken: $(SONARQUBE_TOKEN)

steps:

- task: SonarQubePrepare@4

inputs:

SonarQube: 'MySonarQubeService'

scannerMode: 'CLI'

configMode: 'manual'

cliProjectKey: 'my-security-project'

cliProjectName: 'SecureApp'

cliSources: 'src'

cliArguments: '-Dsonar.token=$(sonarToken)'

- task: SonarQubeAnalyze@4

displayName: 'Run SonarQube Analysis'

 - task: SonarQubePublish@4

displayName: 'Publish SonarQube Results'

inputs:

pollingTimeoutSec: '300'

Step 3: Add Open-Source Vulnerability Scanning with WhiteSource

1.​ Install the WhiteSource Bolt Extension in Azure DevOps

2.​ Modify pipeline to include WhiteSource security scan (whitesource-pipeline.yml):

Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:

- main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

steps:

- task: WhiteSource@21

displayName: 'Run WhiteSource Scan'

inputs:

cwd: '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)'

productName: 'SecureApp'
 configFile: 'whitesource.config.json'

3.​ Configure WhiteSource Policy to block builds for high-severity vulnerabilities.

Step 4: Implement Dependency Scanning with OWASP Dependency-Check

1.​ Add OWASP Dependency-Check to the pipeline:

Unset
- task: Bash@3

displayName: 'Run OWASP Dependency Check'

inputs:

targetType: 'inline'

script: |

curl -sSL https://get.owasp.org/dependency-check-cli/ -o

dependency-check.sh

chmod +x dependency-check.sh

./dependency-check.sh --project SecureApp --scan

$(Build.SourcesDirectory)

Step 5: Block Deployment if Security Issues Are Found

1.​ Add a Quality Gate Check in Azure DevOps:

○​ Go to Azure DevOps → Pipelines → Releases → Pre-deployment Conditions
○​ Enable Gates → Query SonarQube Quality Gate
○​ Set condition to Fail deployment if security score < 80%

Step 6: Automate Security Reports & Alerts

1.​ Send alerts if vulnerabilities are found:

 Unset
az monitor metrics alert create --name "HighSeverityAlert"
--resource-group SecurityRG \

--condition "severity > 3" --action-group "SecOpsTeam"

5. Conclusion
🚀✅Key Benefits of Security Scanning in Azure DevOps:​

✅
✅
Automates vulnerability detection in code and dependencies​
Prevents insecure code from being deployed​

✅ Enforces security policies using WhiteSource & OWASP checks​

Improves compliance for organizations following security standards

6. Real-Time Example
A banking institution building an online payment system can integrate SonarQube and WhiteSource
in Azure DevOps to detect vulnerabilities early and ensure compliance with PCI-DSS standards.
Project 6: Implementing Azure DevOps CI/CD Pipeline for
Serverless Applications Using Azure Functions

1. Project Scope
This project focuses on automating the deployment of serverless applications using Azure DevOps
Pipelines and Azure Functions. Serverless computing enables event-driven, scalable applications
without managing infrastructure.

Key Features:
✅✅Automate CI/CD for Azure Functions​

✅
✅
Use Azure DevOps Pipelines for Continuous Deployment​
Manage Function App configurations using Azure App Configuration​

✅ Secure environment variables using Azure Key Vault

Enable monitoring and logging with Azure Application Insights​

2. Tools Used
●​ Azure DevOps Pipelines – Automates deployment
●​ Azure Functions – Serverless compute platform
●​ Azure Storage Account – Event trigger storage
●​ Azure Key Vault – Stores API keys and secrets
●​ Azure Application Insights – Logs and monitors function executions
●​ PowerShell & YAML – Automates infrastructure provisioning

3. Analysis Approach
Challenges Without CI/CD for Azure Functions

❌❌Manual deployments introduce inconsistencies​

❌ Difficult to track code changes for functions​

❌ Security risks due to hardcoded secrets

No version control for function configurations​

Proposed Solution

✅✅Automate Azure Functions deployment using Azure DevOps Pipelines​

✅ Centralize configuration management using Azure App Configuration​

✅ Enable monitoring & logging with Azure Application Insights

Secure API keys and database credentials using Azure Key Vault​
4. Step-by-Step Implementation
Step 1: Create an Azure Function App

1.​ Provision an Azure Function App using CLI:

Unset
az group create --name FunctionAppRG --location eastus

az storage account create --name functionstorage --resource-group

FunctionAppRG --location eastus --sku Standard_LRS

az functionapp create --name MyFunctionApp --storage-account

functionstorage --resource-group FunctionAppRG
--consumption-plan-location eastus --runtime python

Step 2: Store Configuration in Azure Key Vault

1.​ Create an Azure Key Vault:

Unset
az keyvault create --name FunctionAppKeyVault --resource-group
FunctionAppRG --location eastus

2.​ Store a connection string in the Key Vault:

Unset
az keyvault secret set --vault-name FunctionAppKeyVault --name
"DBConnectionString" --value
"Server=myserver.database.windows.net;Database=mydb;"

Step 3: Develop and Push an Azure Function to Azure Repos

1.​ Clone the Azure Repos Git Repository:

 Unset
git clone https://dev.azure.com/MyOrg/FunctionAppRepo.git

cd FunctionAppRepo

2.​ Create a sample Python function (HttpTrigger/__init__.py):

Python
import logging

import azure.functions as func

def main(req: func.HttpRequest) -> func.HttpResponse:

logging.info("Azure Function triggered successfully.")

return func.HttpResponse("Hello, Azure Serverless World!",

status_code=200)

3.​ Commit and push the code:

Unset
git add .

git commit -m "Added Azure Function"

git push origin main

Step 4: Configure CI Pipeline for Function App Deployment

1.​ Navigate to Azure DevOps → Pipelines → New Pipeline

2.​ Create the following YAML file (azure-functions-ci.yml):

Unset
trigger:
 branches:

include:

- main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

steps:

- task: UsePythonVersion@0

inputs:

versionSpec: '3.x'

addToPath: true

- script: |

python -m venv env

source env/bin/activate

pip install -r requirements.txt

displayName: 'Install Dependencies'

- task: ArchiveFiles@2

inputs:

rootFolderOrFile: '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)'

includeRootFolder: false
 archiveType: 'zip'

archiveFile: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)/function.zip'

- task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1

inputs:

pathToPublish: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)/function.zip'

artifactName: 'drop'

Step 5: Configure CD Pipeline for Function Deployment

1.​ Go to Azure DevOps → Releases → New Release Pipeline

2.​ Select "Azure Function App Deployment"
3.​ Modify the CD pipeline (azure-functions-cd.yml):

Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:

- main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

steps:

- task: DownloadBuildArtifacts@0
 inputs:

artifactName: 'drop'

downloadPath: '$(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)'

- task: AzureFunctionApp@1

inputs:

azureSubscription: 'MyAzureSubscription'

appType: 'functionApp'

appName: 'MyFunctionApp'

package: '$(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)/drop/function.zip'

Step 6: Secure API Keys and Configurations

1.​ Modify function to fetch secrets from Azure Key Vault (function.json):

Unset
{

"bindings": [

"type": "httpTrigger",

"direction": "in",

"authLevel": "function",

"methods": ["get"]

}
 ],

"scriptFile": "__init__.py",

"env": {

"DB_CONNECTION_STRING":
"@Microsoft.KeyVault(SecretUri=https://FunctionAppKeyVault.vault.azure.
net/secrets/DBConnectionString/)"

Step 7: Enable Monitoring with Azure Application Insights

1.​ Enable Application Insights for Function App:

Unset
az functionapp update --name MyFunctionApp --resource-group
FunctionAppRG --set appInsightsEnabled=true

2.​ Modify pipeline to enable logging:

Unset
- task: AzureCLI@2

inputs:

azureSubscription: 'MyAzureSubscription'

scriptType: 'bash'

scriptLocation: 'inlineScript'

inlineScript: |

az monitor app-insights component create --app

MyFunctionAppInsights --location eastus --resource-group FunctionAppRG
Step 8: Validate and Deploy

1.​ Run the Azure DevOps pipeline to deploy the function

2.​ Test the function using cURL:

Unset
curl
https://myfunctionapp.azurewebsites.net/api/HttpTrigger?code=<function-
key>

3.​ Verify logs in Application Insights

5. Conclusion
🚀✅Key Benefits of CI/CD for Serverless Apps in Azure DevOps:​

✅
✅
Automates Azure Function deployment for rapid releases​
Secures function configurations using Azure Key Vault​

✅ Improves monitoring with Application Insights​

Reduces costs by utilizing serverless architecture

6. Real-Time Example
A logistics company can use Azure Functions with DevOps Pipelines to automate order processing
without provisioning servers, ensuring cost efficiency and scalability.
Project 7: Implementing Blue-Green Deployment for an Azure
Web App Using Azure DevOps

1. Project Scope
This project focuses on implementing a Blue-Green Deployment strategy using Azure DevOps
Pipelines and Azure App Service Deployment Slots. The Blue-Green model reduces downtime and
risk by maintaining two identical environments, where one serves live traffic (Blue) while the other
acts as staging (Green) for testing.

Key Features:
✅✅Zero-downtime deployments for web applications​

✅
✅
Instant rollback to the previous version if issues occur​
Use Azure DevOps Pipelines to automate deployments​

✅ Route production traffic safely using Azure Traffic Manager​

Secure app configurations using Azure Key Vault

2. Tools Used
●​ Azure DevOps Pipelines – Automates deployment
●​ Azure App Service – Hosts the web application
●​ Azure Traffic Manager – Routes traffic between Blue and Green environments
●​ Azure App Service Deployment Slots – Enables swapping environments
●​ Azure Key Vault – Stores application secrets
●​ PowerShell & YAML – Automates infrastructure provisioning

3. Analysis Approach
Challenges Without Blue-Green Deployment

❌❌Deployment downtime when updating applications​

❌ Difficult rollback process if a deployment fails​

❌ Inconsistent testing environments​

Customer impact during production updates

Proposed Solution

✅
✅ Deploy new versions in the Green slot without affecting users​

✅ Run tests and validations on the Green slot before switching traffic​

✅ Instant rollback by switching back to the Blue slot if issues arise​

Use Azure Traffic Manager to manage gradual rollout strategies
4. Step-by-Step Implementation
Step 1: Create an Azure Web App with Deployment Slots

1.​ Provision an Azure Web App:

Unset
az group create --name BlueGreenRG --location eastus

az appservice plan create --name BlueGreenPlan --resource-group

BlueGreenRG --sku S1 --is-linux

az webapp create --resource-group BlueGreenRG --plan BlueGreenPlan

--name blue-webapp --runtime "DOTNETCORE:6.0"

2.​ Create a Deployment Slot (Green):

Unset
az webapp deployment slot create --name blue-webapp --resource-group
BlueGreenRG --slot green

Step 2: Store Configuration in Azure Key Vault

1.​ Create an Azure Key Vault:

Unset
az keyvault create --name BlueGreenKeyVault --resource-group
BlueGreenRG --location eastus

2.​ Store an API key in Key Vault:

Unset
az keyvault secret set --vault-name BlueGreenKeyVault --name "APIKey"
--value "SecureAPIKey123"
Step 3: Set Up Azure DevOps Repository and CI Pipeline

1.​ Clone the Azure Repos Git Repository:

Unset
git clone https://dev.azure.com/MyOrg/BlueGreenDeployment.git

cd BlueGreenDeployment

2.​ Create a simple .NET Web Application (Program.cs):

Unset
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

var app = builder.Build();

app.MapGet("/", () => "Hello from Blue-Green Deployment!");

app.Run();

3.​ Modify the CI pipeline (ci-pipeline.yml):

Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:

- main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

steps:

- task: UseDotNet@2
 inputs:

packageType: 'sdk'

version: '6.x'

- script: dotnet restore

displayName: 'Restore dependencies'

- script: dotnet build --configuration Release

displayName: 'Build Web App'

- task: ArchiveFiles@2

inputs:

rootFolderOrFile: '$(Build.SourcesDirectory)'

includeRootFolder: false

archiveType: 'zip'

archiveFile: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)/webapp.zip'

- task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1

inputs:

pathToPublish: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)/webapp.zip'

artifactName: 'drop'

Step 4: Set Up CD Pipeline for Blue-Green Deployment

1.​ Modify the CD pipeline (cd-pipeline.yml):

Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:

- main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

stages:

- stage: DeployToGreen

jobs:

- job: Deploy

steps:

- task: DownloadBuildArtifacts@0

inputs:

artifactName: 'drop'

downloadPath: '$(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)'

- task: AzureWebApp@1

inputs:

azureSubscription: 'MyAzureSubscription'

appType: 'webApp'
 appName: 'blue-webapp'

slotName: 'green'

package: '$(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)/drop/webapp.zip'

- stage: TestGreenSlot

jobs:

- job: Validate

steps:

- script: curl -f https://blue-webapp-green.azurewebsites.net ||

exit 1

displayName: 'Health Check for Green Slot'

- stage: SwapSlots

dependsOn: TestGreenSlot

jobs:

- job: Swap

steps:

- task: AzureCLI@2

inputs:

azureSubscription: 'MyAzureSubscription'

scriptType: 'bash'

scriptLocation: 'inlineScript'

inlineScript: |
 az webapp deployment slot swap --name blue-webapp
--resource-group BlueGreenRG --slot green

Step 5: Implement Rollback Strategy

1.​ Rollback to previous version in case of failure:

Unset
az webapp deployment slot swap --name blue-webapp --resource-group
BlueGreenRG --slot green

2.​ Configure automatic rollback in Azure DevOps:

○​ Navigate to Pipelines → Releases → Pre-deployment Conditions
○​ Enable Rollback on failure

Step 6: Gradual Traffic Switching Using Azure Traffic Manager

1.​ Create an Azure Traffic Manager Profile:

Unset
az network traffic-manager profile create --name BlueGreenTM
--resource-group BlueGreenRG --routing-method Weighted --dns-name
bluegreentm

2.​ Add endpoints for Blue and Green Slots:

Unset
az network traffic-manager endpoint create --resource-group BlueGreenRG
--profile-name BlueGreenTM --name blue-endpoint --type azureEndpoints
--target-resource-id
/subscriptions/<sub_id>/resourceGroups/BlueGreenRG/providers/Microsoft.
Web/sites/blue-webapp --weight 100
 az network traffic-manager endpoint create --resource-group BlueGreenRG
--profile-name BlueGreenTM --name green-endpoint --type azureEndpoints
--target-resource-id
/subscriptions/<sub_id>/resourceGroups/BlueGreenRG/providers/Microsoft.
Web/sites/blue-webapp/slots/green --weight 0

3.​ Gradually switch traffic to Green:

Unset
az network traffic-manager endpoint update --resource-group BlueGreenRG
--profile-name BlueGreenTM --name green-endpoint --weight 50

5. Conclusion
🚀✅Key Benefits of Blue-Green Deployment in Azure DevOps:​

✅
✅
Ensures zero-downtime deployment with deployment slots​
Enables instant rollback if the new version has issues​

✅ Minimizes risk by testing before going live​

Allows gradual rollout using Traffic Manager

6. Real-Time Example
An e-commerce company launching new website features can use Blue-Green Deployment to test
updates safely and switch traffic seamlessly without downtime.
Project 8: Implementing Azure DevOps CI/CD Pipeline for
Containerized Applications with Azure Kubernetes Service
(AKS) and Helm

1. Project Scope
This project focuses on automating the deployment of containerized applications using Azure
DevOps Pipelines, Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS), and Helm. The goal is to ensure scalability,
high availability, and automated updates for containerized workloads.

Key Features:
✅
✅ Automate CI/CD for Kubernetes deployments​

✅
✅
Use Helm for managing Kubernetes manifests​
Secure Kubernetes secrets using Azure Key Vault​

✅ Enable rolling updates for zero downtime​

Monitor workloads using Prometheus & Grafana

2. Tools Used
●​ Azure DevOps Pipelines – Automates build and deployment
●​ Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) – Hosts containerized workloads
●​ Docker & Azure Container Registry (ACR) – Stores container images
●​ Helm – Manages Kubernetes deployments
●​ Azure Key Vault – Secures Kubernetes secrets
●​ Prometheus & Grafana – Monitors AKS workloads

3. Analysis Approach
Challenges Without Automated Kubernetes Deployments

❌❌Manual deployments lead to inconsistencies​

❌ Lack of version control for Kubernetes configurations​

❌ Difficult rollback strategy if an issue arises

Security risks due to exposed secrets in YAML files​

Proposed Solution

✅
✅✅Use Azure DevOps CI/CD Pipelines to automate deployments​
Leverage Helm for versioned Kubernetes deployments​

✅ Secure Kubernetes secrets using Azure Key Vault​

Enable auto-scaling for high availability
4. Step-by-Step Implementation
Step 1: Create an AKS Cluster and Configure Kubernetes Context

1.​ Provision an Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) Cluster:

Unset
az group create --name AKSRG --location eastus

az aks create --resource-group AKSRG --name MyAKSCluster --node-count 3

--generate-ssh-keys

2.​ Connect to the AKS Cluster:

Unset
az aks get-credentials --resource-group AKSRG --name MyAKSCluster

kubectl get nodes

Step 2: Store Kubernetes Secrets in Azure Key Vault

1.​ Create an Azure Key Vault:

Unset
az keyvault create --name AKSKeyVault --resource-group AKSRG --location
eastus

2.​ Store a database connection string:

Unset
az keyvault secret set --vault-name AKSKeyVault --name
"DBConnectionString" --value "Server=mydbserver;Database=mydb;"

Step 3: Develop and Push a Sample Containerized Application

 1.​ Clone the Azure DevOps Repository:

Unset
git clone https://dev.azure.com/MyOrg/KubernetesApp.git

cd KubernetesApp

2.​ Create a Dockerfile (Dockerfile):

Unset
FROM node:14

WORKDIR /app

COPY package.json .

RUN npm install

COPY . .

CMD ["node", "server.js"]

EXPOSE 3000

3.​ Commit and push the code:

Unset
git add .

git commit -m "Added Dockerfile"

git push origin main

Step 4: Create an Azure DevOps CI Pipeline for Building and Pushing Docker Images

1.​ Modify the CI pipeline (ci-pipeline.yml):

 Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:

- main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

steps:

- task: Docker@2

inputs:

command: 'buildAndPush'

repository: 'myacr.azurecr.io/kubernetesapp'

dockerfile: 'Dockerfile'

containerRegistry: 'MyAzureContainerRegistry'

tags: '$(Build.BuildId)'

- task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1

inputs:

pathToPublish: '$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)'

artifactName: 'drop'

Step 5: Configure Helm for Kubernetes Deployment

1.​ Create a Helm Chart (helm/kubernetesapp/Chart.yaml):

Unset
apiVersion: v2

name: kubernetesapp

description: A Helm chart for deploying a Node.js application

version: 1.0.0

appVersion: "1.0"

2.​ Define Kubernetes Deployment and Service

(helm/kubernetesapp/templates/deployment.yaml):

Unset
apiVersion: apps/v1

kind: Deployment

metadata:

name: kubernetesapp

spec:

replicas: 2

selector:

matchLabels:

app: kubernetesapp

template:

metadata:

labels:

app: kubernetesapp

spec:
 containers:

- name: kubernetesapp

image: myacr.azurecr.io/kubernetesapp:latest

ports:

- containerPort: 3000

3.​ Define a Service for Load Balancing (helm/kubernetesapp/templates/service.yaml):

Unset
apiVersion: v1

kind: Service

metadata:

name: kubernetesapp

spec:

type: LoadBalancer

selector:

app: kubernetesapp

ports:

- protocol: TCP

port: 80

targetPort: 3000

Step 6: Create an Azure DevOps CD Pipeline for AKS Deployment Using Helm

1.​ Modify the CD pipeline (cd-pipeline.yml):

Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:

- main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

stages:

- stage: DeployToAKS

jobs:

- job: Deploy

steps:

- task: HelmDeploy@0

inputs:

connectionType: 'Azure Resource Manager'

azureSubscription: 'MyAzureSubscription'

azureResourceGroup: 'AKSRG'

kubernetesCluster: 'MyAKSCluster'

namespace: 'default'

command: 'upgrade'

chartType: 'FilePath'

chartPath: 'helm/kubernetesapp'
 releaseName: 'kubernetesapp'

Step 7: Enable Auto-Scaling for AKS Deployment

1.​ Enable Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA):

Unset
kubectl autoscale deployment kubernetesapp --cpu-percent=50 --min=2
--max=5

2.​ Monitor autoscaling events:

Unset
kubectl get hpa

Step 8: Enable Monitoring Using Prometheus and Grafana

1.​ Deploy Prometheus in AKS:

Unset
helm repo add prometheus-community
https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts

helm install prometheus prometheus-community/kube-prometheus-stack

2.​ Deploy Grafana for Visualization:

Unset
helm install grafana stable/grafana

kubectl port-forward svc/grafana 3000:80

3.​ Access Grafana dashboard at http://localhost:3000/

5. Conclusion
🚀✅Key Benefits of CI/CD for AKS with Helm:​

✅
✅
Automates Kubernetes deployments with Azure DevOps​
Ensures high availability using auto-scaling​

✅ Secures sensitive configurations using Azure Key Vault​

Enables monitoring with Prometheus and Grafana

6. Real-Time Example
A fintech company deploying microservices-based banking applications can use Azure DevOps, AKS,
and Helm to ensure high availability, automated scaling, and security for its workloads.
Project 9: Implementing Azure DevOps Pipeline for
Infrastructure as Code (IaC) Using Terraform on Azure

1. Project Scope
This project focuses on using Terraform to define, provision, and manage Azure infrastructure
through Azure DevOps Pipelines. Terraform enables Infrastructure as Code (IaC), making it easy to
automate cloud resource provisioning while ensuring consistency and scalability.

Key Features:
✅
✅ Automate Infrastructure Deployment using Terraform​

✅
✅
Manage Infrastructure as Code (IaC) in Azure DevOps​
Use Remote State for Team Collaboration​

✅ Implement Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) Policies

Ensure Consistent Deployments Across Environments (Dev, QA, Prod)​

2. Tools Used
●​ Azure DevOps Pipelines – Automates Terraform execution
●​ Terraform – Manages Azure Infrastructure as Code
●​ Azure Storage Account – Stores Terraform state files
●​ Azure Key Vault – Secures Terraform secrets
●​ PowerShell & YAML – Used for automation scripting

3. Analysis Approach
Challenges Without Infrastructure as Code (IaC)

❌❌Manual provisioning is error-prone and time-consuming​

❌ Difficult to track changes and maintain consistency​

❌ Security risks due to hardcoded secrets​

No version control for infrastructure configurations

Proposed Solution

✅
✅ Use Terraform for Infrastructure as Code (IaC)​

✅ Automate Azure resource provisioning with Azure DevOps Pipelines​

✅ Store Terraform state remotely using Azure Storage Account​

Secure credentials using Azure Key Vault
4. Step-by-Step Implementation
Step 1: Set Up an Azure Storage Account for Terraform State

1.​ Create a Resource Group:

Unset
az group create --name TerraformRG --location eastus

2.​ Create an Azure Storage Account:

Unset
az storage account create --name terraformstate1234 --resource-group
TerraformRG --location eastus --sku Standard_LRS

3.​ Create a Storage Container for Terraform State:

Unset
az storage container create --name tfstate --account-name
terraformstate1234

Step 2: Store Terraform Secrets in Azure Key Vault

1.​ Create an Azure Key Vault:

Unset
az keyvault create --name TerraformKeyVault --resource-group
TerraformRG --location eastus

2.​ Store Service Principal Credentials in Key Vault:

Unset
az keyvault secret set --vault-name TerraformKeyVault --name "ClientID"
--value "your-client-id"
 az keyvault secret set --vault-name TerraformKeyVault --name
"ClientSecret" --value "your-client-secret"

Step 3: Create a Terraform Configuration File (main.tf)

1.​ Clone the Azure DevOps Repository:

Unset
git clone https://dev.azure.com/MyOrg/TerraformDeployment.git

cd TerraformDeployment

2.​ Define Azure Infrastructure in main.tf:

Unset
terraform {

backend "azurerm" {

resource_group_name = "TerraformRG"

storage_account_name = "terraformstate1234"

container_name = "tfstate"

key = "terraform.tfstate"

provider "azurerm" {

features {}

}
 resource "azurerm_resource_group" "example" {

name = "MyTerraformRG"

location = "East US"

3.​ Commit and Push Code:

Unset
git add .

git commit -m "Added Terraform configuration"

git push origin main

Step 4: Configure Azure DevOps CI Pipeline for Terraform Plan

1.​ Modify the CI Pipeline (terraform-ci.yml):

Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:

- main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'
steps:

- task: TerraformInstaller@1

inputs:

terraformVersion: 'latest'

- task: TerraformTaskV2@2

displayName: 'Initialize Terraform'

inputs:

provider: 'azurerm'

command: 'init'

backendServiceArm: 'MyAzureSubscription'

backendAzureRmResourceGroupName: 'TerraformRG'

backendAzureRmStorageAccountName: 'terraformstate1234'

backendAzureRmContainerName: 'tfstate'

backendAzureRmKey: 'terraform.tfstate'

- task: TerraformTaskV2@2

displayName: 'Run Terraform Plan'

inputs:

provider: 'azurerm'

command: 'plan'

environmentServiceNameAzureRM: 'MyAzureSubscription'
Step 5: Configure Azure DevOps CD Pipeline for Terraform Apply

1.​ Modify the CD Pipeline (terraform-cd.yml):

Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:

- main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

stages:

- stage: Deploy

jobs:

- job: ApplyTerraform

steps:

- task: TerraformTaskV2@2

displayName: 'Apply Terraform Configuration'

inputs:

provider: 'azurerm'

command: 'apply'

environmentServiceNameAzureRM: 'MyAzureSubscription'

commandOptions: '-auto-approve'
Step 6: Implement Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) Policies

1.​ Assign Contributor Role to Terraform Service Principal:

Unset
az role assignment create --assignee "<service-principal-id>" --role
Contributor --scope
"/subscriptions/<subscription-id>/resourceGroups/TerraformRG"

Step 7: Enable Automated Rollback for Terraform Deployments

1.​ Track Terraform Deployment History:

Unset
terraform show

2.​ Rollback to Previous State if Deployment Fails:

Unset
terraform apply -refresh=false terraform.tfstate.backup

5. Conclusion
🚀 Key Benefits of Terraform for Azure Infrastructure:
​
✅
✅ Automates Infrastructure Deployment using Terraform & Azure DevOps​

✅ Ensures Consistency with Remote State Storage​

✅ Enhances Security by Storing Secrets in Azure Key Vault​

Enables Rollback to Previous Deployments

6. Real-Time Example
A large enterprise managing multiple cloud environments (Dev, QA, Prod) can use Terraform in
Azure DevOps Pipelines to automate infrastructure provisioning while ensuring consistency and
security across teams.
Project 10: Implementing Azure DevOps CI/CD Pipeline for
Azure API Management (APIM) with Automated API Deployment

1. Project Scope
This project focuses on automating API deployment and management using Azure DevOps Pipelines
and Azure API Management (APIM). The goal is to ensure seamless API versioning, security
enforcement, and automated updates across different environments.

Key Features:
✅
✅ Automate API deployment and versioning using Azure DevOps​

✅
✅
Enforce security policies (Rate Limiting, JWT, OAuth, API Keys)​
Use Azure API Management (APIM) for API gateway capabilities​

✅ Integrate automated API testing in CI/CD pipeline

Enable logging and monitoring for API traffic​

2. Tools Used
●​ Azure DevOps Pipelines – Automates API deployment
●​ Azure API Management (APIM) – API gateway for managing APIs
●​ Swagger / OpenAPI – Defines API specifications
●​ Azure Key Vault – Stores API secrets and keys
●​ Azure Monitor & App Insights – API logging and monitoring
●​ PowerShell & YAML – Automation scripting

3. Analysis Approach
Challenges Without API Management & Automation

❌❌Difficult to manage multiple API versions​

❌ No centralized security enforcement (Rate Limits, Authentication, IP Restrictions)​

❌ Lack of monitoring and logging for API performance

Manual API deployments cause inconsistencies​

Proposed Solution

✅✅Automate API deployment, versioning, and security enforcement using Azure DevOps & APIM​

✅ Centralize API authentication using OAuth, JWT, and API Keys​

✅ Enable monitoring & logging with Azure Monitor and App Insights
Ensure API high availability and load balancing​
4. Step-by-Step Implementation
Step 1: Provision an Azure API Management Instance

1.​ Create a Resource Group:

Unset
az group create --name APIMRG --location eastus

2.​ Create an API Management Instance:

Unset
az apim create --name MyAPIM --resource-group APIMRG --publisher-name
"MyCompany" --publisher-email "admin@mycompany.com" --sku-name
Consumption

Step 2: Define API Specifications Using OpenAPI (Swagger)

1.​ Create an OpenAPI Specification File (swagger.json):

Unset
{

"swagger": "2.0",

"info": {

"title": "My API",

"description": "API for managing users",

"version": "1.0.0"

},

"paths": {

"/users": {

"get": {
 "summary": "Get all users",

"responses": {

"200": {

"description": "OK"

2.​ Commit and Push the API Spec to Azure Repos:

Unset
git add .

git commit -m "Added OpenAPI specification"

git push origin main

Step 3: Configure Azure DevOps CI Pipeline for API Validation

1.​ Modify the CI pipeline (api-ci.yml):

Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:
 - main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

steps:

- task: OpenApi@1

inputs:

openApiFile: 'swagger.json'

validationRules: 'All'

- task: PublishBuildArtifacts@1

inputs:

pathToPublish: 'swagger.json'

artifactName: 'drop'

Step 4: Configure Azure DevOps CD Pipeline for API Deployment to APIM

1.​ Modify the CD pipeline (api-cd.yml):

Unset
trigger:

branches:

include:
 - main

pool:

vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

stages:

- stage: DeployToAPIM

jobs:

- job: Deploy

steps:

- task: DownloadBuildArtifacts@0

inputs:

artifactName: 'drop'

downloadPath: '$(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)'

- task: AzureCLI@2

inputs:

azureSubscription: 'MyAzureSubscription'

scriptType: 'bash'

scriptLocation: 'inlineScript'

inlineScript: |

az apim api import --resource-group APIMRG --service-name

MyAPIM --path /users --api-id MyAPI --specification-format OpenAPI
 --specification-path
$(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)/drop/swagger.json

Step 5: Implement API Security Policies

1.​ Apply JWT Authentication Policy in APIM (jwt-policy.xml):

Unset
<inbound>

<validate-jwt header-name="Authorization"
failed-validation-httpcode="401">

<openid-config
url="https://login.microsoftonline.com/{tenant-id}/v2.0/.well-known/ope
nid-configuration" />

<audiences>

<audience>api://my-api</audience>

</audiences>

</validate-jwt>

</inbound>

2.​ Apply Rate Limiting Policy in APIM (rate-limit-policy.xml):

Unset
<inbound>

<rate-limit calls="10" renewal-period="60" />

</inbound>

3.​ Apply these policies via Azure CLI:

 Unset
az apim api policy create --resource-group APIMRG --service-name MyAPIM
--api-id MyAPI --xml-policy-file jwt-policy.xml

Step 6: Enable API Logging & Monitoring with Azure Monitor

1.​ Enable App Insights for API Management:

Unset
az monitor app-insights component create --app MyAPIMInsights
--location eastus --resource-group APIMRG

2.​ Enable Request Logging in APIM:

Unset
<inbound>

<base />

<log-to-eventhub logger-id="apim-logger">

<message>Request received</message>

</log-to-eventhub>

</inbound>

3.​ Deploy the Logging Policy in APIM:

Unset
az apim api policy create --resource-group APIMRG --service-name MyAPIM
--api-id MyAPI --xml-policy-file logging-policy.xml

Step 7: Automate API Testing Using Postman & Newman

1.​ Run API Tests in Azure DevOps CI/CD Pipeline:

 Unset
- task: NodeTool@0

inputs:

versionSpec: '16.x'

- script: |

npm install -g newman

newman run api-tests.postman_collection.json --reporters cli,junit

displayName: 'Run API Tests with Newman'

5. Conclusion
🚀✅Key Benefits of Azure API Management with DevOps:​

✅
✅
Automates API deployments and updates​
Enforces security policies (OAuth, JWT, API Keys, Rate Limiting)​

✅ Enables centralized logging and monitoring for APIs​

Integrates automated API testing into DevOps workflows

6. Real-Time Example
A banking company can use Azure API Management (APIM) and Azure DevOps Pipelines to securely
expose APIs, enforce rate limits, and enable seamless API versioning while ensuring compliance
with security policies.
🎉 Congratulations!
All 10 Azure DevOps

Are Completed! 🎉
Real-Time Projects