Work Package 5 CHP Component Integration
Ulf Linder, Head of Future Technology Geraldine Roy, Lead Market Analyst Siemens Industial Turbomachinery Ltd
Work Package 5 CHP Component Integration
Overview of WP5 Objectives Conclusions
Overview, SIEMENS Industrial Turbomachinery Ltd Activities within Component Integration for Industrial Gas Turbines
What are the benefits of the CHAPNET Network?
A focus for the industry to improve its R&D A knowledge centre for who is doing what, where and with whom A place to develop new ideas for projects for
6th or 7th Framework Programme Energy Intelligent Europe Programme
A strategic platform for identifying needs and pulling together actors to address these needs A place to inform the Commission, Member State Governments on the requirements of the industry
WorkPackage 5 -Component Integration
RTD Cluster on CHP Component Integration Objective / Purpose To share information on RTD activities on Component Integration and Systems Integration for CHP. EU programmes, and Accession countries National programmes Industrial activities Universities
To Address the European competency in RTD with regard to whole CHP systems not individual components Evaluate long term possibilities and technologies
WorkPackage 5 -Component Integration
Workshops Two per year Report Activities, Results and Plans Discuss and Recommend new activities, areas of interest, and potential
1st Workshop held 28 August 2002 in Lincoln 2nd Workshop held 21 February 2003 in Brussels 3rd Workshop held 8 May 2003 in Dsseldorf 4th Workshop held 17 December 2003 in Brussels 5th Workshop held 28 & 29 January 2004, Vsters, Sweden 6th Workshop held 26 & 27 May 2004, Barcelona, Spain Often combined with WP7 Cooling & Trigeneration
WorkPackage 5 -Component Integration
Workshops 1-6:
CAME GT Clean And more Efficient Gas Turbines BIOCOGEN -Biomass Cogeneration Thematic Network CHP Sewage Gasification - Sewage sludge gasification for CHP applications BAGIT - Biomass and gas integrated CHP technology Nedalo - Packaged CHP Systems, Linnhoff March - CHP Process and Utility Integration and Optimisation Promocell - Fuel Cell Cogeneration Hybrid CHP - Hybrid Solar collector CHP system OSCOGEN - Optimisation of Cogeneration Systems CHP Club - CHP Information, Advice and Networking ALSTOM - Using Fuels derived from Biomass and MSW in Industrial Gas Turbine SimTech - Thermodynamic simulations software CE-IGT - Increase awareness of industrial gas turbines
WorkPackage 5 -Component Integration
Workshops 1-6:
ICEHT - Natural gas fuelled SOFCs for cogeneration of elect. & chemicals Baxter Eng. Ltd - LG Cable Absorption Chillers KKK Ltd - New high speed turbo-generator with electronic gear Aircogen - Aircogen Activities ALSTOM - Current & Potential Gas Turbine Technologies Wartsila - Current & Potential Gas Reciprocating Engine Technologies ALSTOM - Steam Turbine Technologies Dalkia - CHP: A CEM contractors perspective TBE - Phosphoric Acid Fuel cells & Digester Gas operation ALSTOM - Carbo-V gasification system Innogy - Iso-engine Farmatic - Cogeneration using Anaerobic Digestion Southeast Research Inst. - Gas Engine Research
WorkPackage 5 -Component Integration
Workshops 1-6:
Gasification of Biomass and Power Generation, TPS Gasification and Gas Engine, Wartsila Gas turbines Technology Development trends, DDIT The Evaporative Gas Turbine demonstration Project, Lund University Connecting to the grid, Powerformer Technology, ABB Research and Development at Mlardalens University Absorption chillers in Cooling and Tri-generation applications, WEIR Entropie Gas Turbines and Chillers Integration, DDIT Fogging and High Fogging : ALSTOMs Experience and Customer Benefits, ALSTOM Power SOFC - Future CHP, Siemens Gas engines Maintenance philosophies, Wrtsil CHP Systems Integration, Tecnicas Reunidas Biofuel based CHP production in Sweden and CHP R&D at CEDER (Soria/Spain), CIEMAT
Current Technologies, Topics
Gas Turbines Improvements made to increase both electrical and overall fuel efficiencies and future potential Fuel Flexibility Steam Turbines Improvements to increase efficiencies and future potential Novel features like High speed alternators Gas Engines Recent developments and future areas for research Improved availability Fuel flexibility
Current Technologies, Topics
Absorption Chillers GT Air Inlet Chilling Heat recovery Use of non-fossil fuels Increasing awareness of local, low cost wastes and use of biomass resources Biomass Gasifiers Sewage sludge gasification Cogeneration using anaerobic digestion Plant Modelling and Optimisation Engineering solution Economics
The Customers Perspective Topics High Reliability
Of supreme importance in Liberalised Energy Markets Unwilling / unable to take technical and commercial risks associated with new technologies
Reduced Operating costs
Lower fuel consumption Fuel flexibility Reduced maintenance
Low Capital costs
Future and Emerging Technologies, Topics
Fuel Cells PEM Phosphoric Acid using digester gas SOFC Complex Cycle Gas Turbines Improved Efficiency Integration with SOFC Isopower Engine High efficiency
INNOGY Isoengine Cycle Diagram
Turbocharger Exhaust
Recuperator
Engine HX
Water Injection
Separator Aux. Cooler
Turbo HX
Air Cooler
Fuel
Spray Water LP Air Cooler HP Air Water Air-Water (Two-Phase) Fuel Combustion gas
Isothermal Compressor (2 cylinders)
Isobaric Combustors (6 cylinders) Engine
~
Generator
A biogas plant
The simplest biogas plant is a cow...
Functional scheme of a biopower station
Cleaned waste air
Deliv. solid residues
Crushing
Pulper Pump
Waste gas to biofilter
Heat exchanger
Deliv. liquid residues
Homogenization Hygienization
Digestion
Flare Heat
CHP unit
Storage tank
Heat storage
Electricity
Gas storage
Drying
Desulphurisation
Transport digested substrate
Key figures, Sweden*
A total energy supply of 615,8 TWh 16 % (98,2 TWh) of the energy supply was based on biofuels. Fuel supply for district heating amounted to 55 TWh of which 33 TWh was based on biofuels Biofuel based electricity production amounted to 6,2 TWh (CHP in district heating systems 2,5 TWh and industrial back pressure 3,7 TWh) * Facts and figures 2003, ET21:2003, The Swedish Energy Agency
Activities within Component Integration, Industrial Gas Turbines, Integration of Chillers
GT-Inlet Chillers,
Future potentials The use of absorption chillers + Integration with CHP + Improved heat rate - Higher investment
Net Output
60.0
50.0
Net Output MW
40.0
30.0
Net Output MW Net Output MW, Chiller in operation
20.0
10.0
0.0 -40.0 -30.0 -20.0 -10.0 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0
Ambient Temperature
WorkPackage 5 -Component Integration
After Six WorkShops: Presentations from; Several EU projects (RTD and Thematic Networks) Several CHP players -equipment, plant optimisation, concepts 3 Main themes & conclusions: Most efficient design not necessarily most economic solution !
Economics is the key !
Deregulated market raises issues
Difficulty launching new technologies with associated technical and commercial risks
Fuel flexibility to maximise economic benefits
Non-standard fuels, i.e. gasification of biomass and wastes Avoid disposal costs, Benefit from green energy financial incentives
Outputs
Suggested RTD areas! Further research in both conventional & emerging technologies, required to improve: Reliability Fuel flexibility Efficiencies First costs Need for Government to help underwrite Commercial Risks associated with new technologies International competitors receive company and technology specific funding from concept to commercial demonstration
Work Package 5 CHP Component Integration
Overview of WP5 Objectives Conclusions
Overview, SIEMENS Industrial Gas Turbines Activities within Component Integration for Industrial Gas Turbines
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Integration is a major challenge
Industrie Turbinen Power Generation KWU AG AEG Westinghouse Mannesmann Demag DemagDelaval Delaval I-Segment KWU Industrial Applications
ASEA BBC Ruston Alsthom 1960 1970 1980 GEC ABB ABB Alstom Power Alstom Alstom
GEC Alsthom 1990
2000
2003
Siemens Gas Turbine product range
PGF Gas Turbine range
W501G W501F W501D5A V64.3A V94.3A V94.2A V94.2 V64.3A GTX100
43 MW 30 MW 25 MW 17 MW 13 MW 8 MW 7 MW 5 MW Cyclone V94.3A 67 MW 182 MW 159 MW 67 MW 121 MW 190 MW 253 MW
60HZ
266 MW
50HZ
PGI Gas Turbine range
GT10C GT10B GT35C Cyclone Tempest Tornado Typhoon
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Activities within Component Integration, Industrial Gas Turbines, Gasification
Power from Biomass & Wastes
Not new technologies Many years experience in chemical industry Little experience of Biomass Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (BIGCC) Growing experience using these technologies BIGCC concept has been proven at Vrnamo, Sweden
Activities within Component Integration, Industrial Gas Turbines, Gasification
Gasifier Fuel Input Flare
BIGCC Scheme
Gas Cooler Booster Compressor
Hot Gas Filter
Gas Turbine
Start-up fuel store
Steam Turbine Stack Air HRSG
Heat Load
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Activities within Component Integration, Industrial Gas Turbines, Gasification
Power from Biomass & Wastes
Net efficiency comparison for sub-40MW plant
Air blown or oxygen-blown Atmospheric or pressurised Circulating, bubbling or fixed beds
Bio Oil CCGT Pressurised BIGCC
Atmospheric BIGCC Atmospheric Gasifier + Gas Engine CFB
All systems produce different fuel gas compositions and calorific values !
3.5 to 30MJ/Nm, 5 to 50% hydrogen Combustion issues
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Direct Combustion
Activities within Component Integration, Industrial Gas Turbines, Gasification Potential Future Applications
Integrated Agriculture & Biomass-IGCC Plants of 5 - 20MW output Use waste from main crop to provide fuel for CHP scheme to heat greenhouses etc. Atmospheric or pressurised gasifiers Potentially >35% net efficiency Large scale Biomass-IGCC Plants of 20 - 40MW output optimised for power generation Atmospheric or pressurised gasifiers Potentially > 40% net efficiency
Conclusions
Use of Gas Turbine-based schemes could: Assist in the development of advanced thermal conversion technologies and ecofriendly CHP Offer high efficiency, low emission, carbon neutral power generation from biomass and wastederived fuels
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Activities within Component Integration, Industrial Gas Turbines, Integration of Chillers
GTX100 Nominal Generator Output vs Inlet Temp A Typical Gas Turbine Characteristic
Activities within Component Integration, Industrial Gas Turbines, Integration of Chillers
General description of the system
The system consists of 2 parallel chillers and 1 common water loop to the air inlet coil. The air inlet coil is a part of the air inlet system
Evaporators Compressors. Condensers
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