| Casting: - COoSing Is a proce® in Which molterr mebnk ye posed ivdo a mold, where i Coole and solidi lies Weis removed fsom the mold to paduce aFinished part ox product. Casting psocess i — [2 paktesn mating molding melting a 3 ly. poorimg - S-. solidi fication . G- Remove + Pathe making: — a pattesn is made ———_— in the Shape of The desiyed obsett- This canbe made Pom matevicelS such a8 Sand oF metal, molding :— the patteen is Then ————_— Placed in a mold, Wich is usuclly made from Sand ,-metat oy CeYamic »Oo | melting: - The meterial to Le cast, typi cally metel, 6 heated to a Liquid stete . I | Pouring s— the molten mate rialZ jc poured| ito The mold Cavity . j Sol?difi @kon$ — As the relten material | Cooke. 3h bavden’, into The Shape of The mold Removal? — once solidified, the Cast, pab 1s yemoved From thre mold, and Lintsmg proc eRe Such a8 Cleaning, dyimming, and polishing may be arples. part? ne Gon Vert Rrsey Pouring Coe. | ne \ mold Rupe © Cpeue -PFIASK. — py mated oy wood frame in whith mold is f£p¥ med - oleic | Te Ree Alo. tone er iacee Called cope . DYAdt— Tre lower talf of The flack is cabled prag: | Cove > — cowe is used to Create ay ‘mteival folloto cav?ty iw The final product. | VertS—- Thee ave The places Create, ; inthe mold to Carry off gaseg | poduced when qe molten comes (4 b Contact wit The Sand > mold cavity? — This ts he hollow —_—_ Space im he mold Wheye The metel part is formed. } i Riser t- it jg The weserVoiy of molfen metel that Supplies additional metal tu cage tu ony veduction . _Romney: — ip Tre molten mefat can be ye guletet before yeaching . qre noutld Cavity. Footing: Cup: — ge xe the COP 0% basi,, from wheve molten moter} is povred thy me metal. Patleyn 2 — it is The dupltate af te ape weeded to form, Sprveli—- ft ig Te avity Threv4t Which molten metert Flows | eowon = werd - {| Pasting time! — tuts is que Line that Separates The Cope and dyag - | || |tTypes of coting defecte: _ | — I ; Pha oo Bloo holes , open holes , | © Ges Podositss > Pu holed * Shvimkage defetts. skvinkage Cavity. evial—a Cub end was es, sre} 6 mould material Asp By nace Penetyah on | 4. Povting mete _, colt et A ctevens Slag | ee meted LUvgi cal WS The ParZage from where ] Het ceasS, hot St IlTYPE ef castings: — | & Sand catting. | * Die casting | 8% Investment casting. | *. Cenbifuget cashing % peymanent motidd Catting . |) Send GeSting: _ the mot commen method whese cand is U&ed 98 Tle mold material , | | Examples > — Engine blocks | ey Undes | Skee — heads, pump hougings , gears, valVv*3 , Sport and vyecreabior, CLLUP ment, and ved - Die Casting: — molten metal i¢ -fovlef Into A meted mole ot high pyexsure - blramples> — lpeh8 and Save, TAY! Dooy — hand les, PUMPS, Powey toot howBitag Golf Clvbs, aivcrabl €vgines , vehicle wheel ' be a =I _ - - Coves dé || ~ i i vee / [ | | mQeu— \- p L 1+ iecox | \ die oa ate :| “4 — | | - € jedoy plunge y | | Fins | PYOrEe ve LI Ji I i chambe ¥ Cavity Spwves steps iar the dée Casting process Be ola design » %, metal pre paretion - %. (Mferttorr process \ x Ca$An3 proce*& Re PE Wisland pacers. Investment cating: — » pattem is caated ya cevamic ell and ten melted ont before me wolller, | meted 1S povyed: Caamples — ctartnle® steel, AlUminom | es alloy, Cavbon Steel. BronzeCentrifugal M@HiN92 — molten meter is Poured “ywo a yoteting wold to form eylindy! caf Pats: Examples l— futomotive , Aew%pace | 2 Roitygay , Electonics , military and deferte , Perwochemi cals » pp mold mol ten Volley - q]pey manent mold Ying: — usex yeudsable molds made for metal to form me Past - Cram ples - Automotive farts, Ventilation components , pump Cons ponents , Electronic — pousings, , medi @F deuce, Te leCommouni cation Appl’ ations 2 — ade motive 4 aerospace, CorstyUetion , are atistic -sculpture , te Cyate -conip ley Shapes ond farts lott high pyecisrou and stsength. HVAC avd egclipment . mould ca of industyies 5 including 1 th avorde| Fosming: — Pooming is a process jn wbice, | SS A PiRCe of materi j¢ Shape | 29 Plastic deformation - Forming is a CO | CPRebi ve proces tuat can Le Used yo Cy¥eete a corde yariely of stapes . TYP OR Roxming 3 — | ot. Rolling 2, fox ging - 3. €ytwsSion. Us Dawing: | Bending iG. 3- 6. Spetch fesming: ! | Shearing. | | Iw volves Pease ngs ameoted Mio fino YF move wolleys 20) seduces eg thiekne® and Create | Gheets , plates , oy corld. | Rolling i —r | Pexging: — A 98 Ce38 Wheve = metxl 7's Profi led - Lo betes | | = 3 [FP ren| | Prawns: A PrCce8 Hak involves putleng Shaped by Gmpresive foyces Lually while es heated. Oottyuston > — The material is forced Thybu%i. a die to create dry Unifosnr shapes such a4 Pipes y» vo, oy anmaterial tyovrr a die te roducel| fee mbiameleY oF to form it Into SpectPic Sbapes - Yay | | — ' =. end cheeuing Deep drawing, —: e <= | | Bending: — The meterial ig bent oy cases | into a paxticeay angle oY | Ghape using force. Gheaying: — a ||(rr) ladvantages ) ~ ®- cost -— effective do high ~ volume prbcleiction 1 £ cyeates complex Slnpes ttthowt ae0 1OUNG, arde diel | | ¥ shveNgALENAS The malerviad — dhyxov4h avakr, l| vCfinrenrvent - Disadwandng es > — ee | # tinted to materiel, that can defaxnn Plast cally without: Cyacking . oe may yee ltives multiple forming Steps | | foy complex Ste per - Geompl t= Sheet melt bending, Hamiplug ; Sle, fogin9 , @ttxusion , rolling, (Teinings— — Foining a pees tio White, | \ Tivo vy move preces of mateyn| ave pex manenttlYy connected | Taps of Foinihd process? — — eo h. wolting - a. €linching * fusion : Bond a) | He RIVES we, press Libhing. x welding * BYALND Sold esinga3) | Bva%nIgl-— higher temperature > brats f7lloy, | Shong - Soldering: — lower temperature, w tin- tead filler, weal - Bye Brazing and so Idevingt— melting of filed} Yd only. SRS coldevind TOM. | / a weld dng 4) Lay _Pebuvin table _ty a) | Advandnges 2 — ¥. Cx€afeS Shong. i | ¥. Permanent bonds betwee adi scim?lay naateyals “ y. pillows fey as&ermbly of complex erucuses, Disadvantrg 08° — STi aaa €. Can introduce heat diistestion o¥ Weaken 4ne Joined materials . ¥. may wepucse stzlled labor oy spectal? aed egeetpmert. application&: — jexospace Auto motive , i consisuchion, €lecbysani | Coremple 2 — welding (axe, ma, TS, etc ) —_——— : brazing, Selden , viyeting , | | adhesive bonding: ma Chining pro cers TF machining 7s 4 ice Px0CeEB in WALL | a piece of prrteviet is shaped by Yemov ing materjot twieth a CLUTH3 boot. machining is A precise proce3s that can be) cyeate eae Shaper: | 8 eel| ~ hips | feed — i (nore piece moves ane | loo? is Gationary ) Types oF malhining processes | Il. Joining 2 = InvolV& yotabing The wo¥k - ] Preceg on a lethe cokile 18. A cebting took vemos material +o | cveate cylinder’ cal glapes . applications : — shabls a bo les ypand | — — Spind(es, | : machine used — (athe malkines, a, milling: — ges gotary Cutters to reawie) a material -fyonr The wovlepre ~ Ce + Th can produce Flt, Con foured , oy angled SOe aeiy) appli lions © ears we KS, and naa lihe — Paves machine wed/- milling machines (Chovidonte] oy yest cat ) 12> pefllingi— A wleting dyill beh Ps vse do cyeaete wund roles jy, Jie wos piece . appli cations: Yol@ Creation foy Fasteners oY ARmemsly. mothine used - pill preses By cwe MIC | > Gxindings — use an ablasive toheel to ee Uae wemove matesicl and «bhGrve achieve ftne surface finidex ov precise démensiovs , APPL cabiou’ : - Too A Sharpening , fin ishing ond pyeciSton gomponents. mathineg ugedi- @vinding machines. IS. Bosing: — trlavges @usting holes to achieve greater accuyvaty ry SIZE and gaiSnment. applications: Engine cylinders , pipe (ines. mathine Usedi— Roving rnchines oy lathes](3) ——— | Ge vonccnce = aes on deothe d toot pe ea Bemave — ralOxial fy a Single : PS, ty Ph culle D Create bey MAYS OY Specialized ees 2PPli Gekions ! Gears , SPS, and - ho les wl, unieue pyofiles Matline used > — | Reoaching machine, , q- Planing : - The wovt pieCe move, Pueayl while a Stationasy Cutting toad vemoves mat evial . Applications: — Flat Suvface ow large Com ponents - mathine wedi - planing mallines . aping te the cutting trol moved Dnecih whz7le wore plece yemarng. Stabionasy , opposite fo Planing. i 4 appli cations — Small! Scale £lat Susfaces. matte n25 used: — Shaping mathing-qs lo: Electoicet bischasge machining (Eom) oe materiat 1S seroved using electycad spayh% that erode tne duose piece: applications: — Intvicate Sbapes 7 hatd material - mMathme wedi — EDm machines - Gases Cutting: — alager beam cuts matesiad roittl, hia Precision. AppliaedtOr8 2 Tin SheebS, Intyicate d23 i 9nd. machines used: — laser Cutting mic water jek cutting! — sex Ligh ~presswe Watley, of Fen niirtes woth abyasives , to cat throv%h materialg Appli cation& 2 - cutting metel&, cevanics , and composi Fed praclineg used! — watev jek cuthn9 machine——— 9 112+) cnet ’ Lawns 5 —~ pw blade ox wire fs Used to cut TRE paferial into Pp; eces, ‘ | appli @Hon8 2- cating laxge sections of material foy -fusthey — | Processing. | machines used’ - Band Saws , cisculas Saws , appli cationg: — putometive MabuUosy , Rervarp) —ce , €lechronia, arsbyuct# —-N. advanteg eg 2 — ww. High pve CéSian and aclurecy . ¥. ability to pwdece corrplex geonre4xies| *®. Encellerb Surface Fini. Aim tabcong : aaa #, material wast e due to renova. %. Higa Mery congumption. %. Slowey Compared to formm4 oy Caching for ht oh Volume production,