Narrative Techniques in Flamingo & VISTAS Chapters
1. The Last Lesson (Alphonse Daudet)
o First-person narration: Told from Franz’s perspective, making the reader
experience his emotions directly.
o Descriptive and emotive style: Highlights the loss of language and patriotism
through vivid details.
2. Lost Spring (Anees Jung)
o Journalistic narrative: A mix of storytelling and factual reporting, shedding
light on child labor.
o Descriptive and reflective tone: Uses personal experiences and interviews to
create empathy.
3. Deep Water (William Douglas)
o First-person autobiographical narrative: Makes the fear of water and
overcoming it deeply personal.
o Flashback technique: Recounts past experiences to show character growth.
4. The Rattrap (Selma Lagerlöf)
o Omniscient third-person narration: Gives insight into multiple characters’
thoughts and emotions.
o Allegorical storytelling: The rattrap metaphor emphasizes human nature and
redemption.
5. Poets and Pancakes (Asokamitran)
o Memoir-style narration: A first-person account blending humour and satire
about the film industry.
o Anecdotal storytelling: Includes personal experiences and observations to
engage the reader.
6. Indigo (Louis Fischer)
o Expository and factual narration: Presents historical events about Gandhi’s
Champaran movement.
o Third-person perspective: Provides an objective yet insightful account of
Gandhi’s leadership.
7. The Interview (Christopher Silvester)
o Expository and analytical narration: Discusses the art of interviews with
examples.
o Combination of direct quotes and commentary: Gives multiple viewpoints on
interviews.
8. Going Places (A.R. Barton)
o Third-person limited narration: Focuses on Sophie’s thoughts and fantasies.
o Blending of reality and imagination: Highlights teenage aspirations and
illusions.
VISTAS
Narrative Techniques in Flamingo Chapters
1. The Last Lesson (Alphonse Daudet)
o First-person narration: Told from Franz’s perspective, making the reader
experience his emotions directly.
o Descriptive and emotive style: Highlights the loss of language and patriotism
through vivid details.
2. Lost Spring (Anees Jung)
o Journalistic narrative: A mix of storytelling and factual reporting, shedding
light on child labor.
o Descriptive and reflective tone: Uses personal experiences and interviews to
create empathy.
3. Deep Water (William Douglas)
o First-person autobiographical narrative: Makes the fear of water and
overcoming it deeply personal.
o Flashback technique: Recounts past experiences to show character growth.
4. The Rattrap (Selma Lagerlöf)
o Omniscient third-person narration: Gives insight into multiple characters’
thoughts and emotions.
o Allegorical storytelling: The rattrap metaphor emphasizes human nature and
redemption.
5. Poets and Pancakes (Asokamitran)
o Memoir-style narration: A first-person account blending humor and satire
about the film industry.
o Anecdotal storytelling: Includes personal experiences and observations to
engage the reader.
6. Indigo (Louis Fischer)
o Expository and factual narration: Presents historical events about Gandhi’s
Champaran movement.
o Third-person perspective: Provides an objective yet insightful account of
Gandhi’s leadership.
7. The Interview (Christopher Silvester)
o Expository and analytical narration: Discusses the art of interviews with
examples.
o Combination of direct quotes and commentary: Gives multiple viewpoints on
interviews.
8. Going Places (A.R. Barton)
o Third-person limited narration: Focuses on Sophie’s thoughts and fantasies.
o Blending of reality and imagination: Highlights teenage aspirations and
illusions.
Each technique enhances thematic depth and reader engagement.
4o
You said:
Narrative Techniques in Vistas Chapters
1. The Third Level (Jack Finney)
First-person narration: Told from Charley’s perspective, making his experiences feel
personal.
Blend of realism and fantasy: Merges everyday life with time travel elements.
Unreliable narrator: Creates ambiguity, leaving readers questioning reality.
Flashback technique: Charley recalls past events to support his belief in the third
level.
Descriptive imagery: Enhances the setting of the Grand Central Station and the 1894
atmosphere.
2. The Tiger King (Kalki)
Third-person omniscient narration: Provides insight into the Maharaja’s thoughts
and actions.
Satirical tone: Criticizes arrogance and blind fate through humor.
Foreshadowing: Hints at the ironic twist in the king’s fate.
Hyperbole: Exaggerates the Maharaja’s actions for comic effect.
Irony: The king’s attempt to avoid death ultimately causes it.
3. Journey to the End of the Earth (Tishani Doshi)
First-person travelogue: The narrator shares personal experiences and reflections on
Antarctica.
Descriptive and factual style: Combines scientific facts with personal observations.
Evocative imagery: Captures the beauty and isolation of the Antarctic landscape.
Intertextuality: References history, science, and climate change research.
Reflective tone: Emphasizes human impact on the environment.
4. The Enemy (Pearl S. Buck)
Third-person limited narration: Focuses on Dr. Sadao’s inner conflict.
Psychological realism: Depicts the doctor’s moral dilemma with depth.
Contrast technique: Juxtaposes patriotism with humanitarian values.
Symbolism: The wounded soldier represents humanity beyond borders.
Suspense-building: Gradually reveals the outcome of Sadao’s decision.
5. On the Face of It (Susan Hill)
Third-person play format: Uses dialogue-driven storytelling.
Character-driven narrative: Explores emotions and perceptions through interactions.
Symbolism: Derry’s scar represents social prejudice and self-acceptance.
Contrast technique: Mr. Lamb’s optimism versus Derry’s negativity.
Motivational tone: Encourages acceptance and resilience.
6. Memories of Childhood (Zitkala-Sa & Bama)
First-person autobiographical narration: Personal experiences of discrimination and
injustice.
Contrast technique: Zitkala-Sa’s cultural shock vs. Bama’s social oppression.
Evocative imagery: Depicts the harsh realities of discrimination.
Symbolism: Hair cutting (Zitkala-Sa) and street scenes (Bama) represent oppression.
Emotive storytelling: Engages readers with personal struggles and resilience.
