1.
Class Cat with default constructor
class Cat {
String name;
int age;
Cat() {
name = "Unknown";
age = 0;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Cat cat = new Cat();
System.out.println("Name: " + cat.name + ", Age: " + cat.age);
Output:
Name: Unknown, Age: 0
2. Class Dog with parameterized constructor
class Dog {
String name, colour;
Dog(String name, String colour) {
this.name = name;
this.colour = colour;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Dog dog = new Dog("Buddy", "Brown");
System.out.println("Name: " + dog.name + ", Colour: " + dog.colour);
}
}
Output:
Name: Buddy, Colour: Brown
3. Class Book with multiple constructors
class Book {
String title, author;
double price;
Book() {}
Book(String title, String author) {
this.title = title;
this.author = author;
Book(String title, String author, double price) {
this(title, author);
this.price = price;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Book b1 = new Book("Book1", "Author1");
Book b2 = new Book("Book2", "Author2", 299.99);
System.out.println(b1.title + ", " + b1.author);
System.out.println(b2.title + ", " + b2.author + ", " + b2.price);
Output:
Book1, Author1
Book2, Author2, 299.99
4. Class Student with constructors
class Student {
int studentId;
String studentName;
char grade;
Student() {}
Student(int studentId, String studentName, char grade) {
this.studentId = studentId;
this.studentName = studentName;
this.grade = grade;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Student s = new Student(101, "John", 'A');
System.out.println(s.studentId + ", " + s.studentName + ", " + s.grade);
Output:
101, John, A
5. Class Book with add/remove methods
import java.util.ArrayList;
class Book {
String title, author, ISBN;
static ArrayList<Book> collection = new ArrayList<>();
Book(String title, String author, String ISBN) {
this.title = title;
this.author = author;
this.ISBN = ISBN;
}
static void addBook(Book book) {
collection.add(book);
static void removeBook(Book book) {
collection.remove(book);
public static void main(String[] args) {
Book b1 = new Book("Book1", "Author1", "123");
addBook(b1);
System.out.println("Collection: " + collection.size());
removeBook(b1);
System.out.println("Collection: " + collection.size());
Output:
Collection: 1
Collection: 0
6. Class Account with validation
class Account {
String accountNumber;
double balance;
Account(String accountNumber, double balance) {
if (accountNumber == null || accountNumber.isEmpty() || balance < 0) {
System.out.println("Error in account initialization.");
} else {
this.accountNumber = accountNumber;
this.balance = balance;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Account acc = new Account("", -100);
Account validAcc = new Account("12345", 1000);
System.out.println("Account: " + validAcc.accountNumber + ", Balance: " + validAcc.balance);
Output:
Error in account initialization.
Account: 12345, Balance: 1000.0
7. Class Car with default values
java
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class Car {
String make, model;
int year;
Car(String make, String model, int year) {
this.make = make != null ? make : "Unknown";
this.model = model != null ? model : "Unknown";
this.year = year > 0 ? year : 2000;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Car car = new Car(null, null, -1);
System.out.println(car.make + ", " + car.model + ", " + car.year);
}
}
Output:
sql
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Unknown, Unknown, 2000
8. Class Point with overloaded constructors
java
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class Point {
double x, y;
Point(int x, int y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
Point(double x, double y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Point p1 = new Point(1, 2);
Point p2 = new Point(1.5, 2.5);
System.out.println("Point1: " + p1.x + ", " + p1.y);
System.out.println("Point2: " + p2.x + ", " + p2.y);
Output:
makefile
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Point1: 1.0, 2.0
Point2: 1.5, 2.5
9. Class Constants with PI
java
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class Constants {
static final double PI = 3.14159;
static double areaOfCircle(double radius) {
return PI * radius * radius;
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.printf("Area: %.2f\n", areaOfCircle(5));
Output:
makefile
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Area: 78.54
10. Class Animal with overridden method
java
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class Animal {
void makeSound() {
System.out.println("Some sound");
}
class Cat extends Animal {
@Override
void makeSound() {
System.out.println("Meow");
public static void main(String[] args) {
Animal animal = new Cat();
animal.makeSound();
Output:
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Meow
11. Class Vehicle with overridden method in Car
java
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class Vehicle {
void drive() {
System.out.println("Driving a vehicle");
class Car extends Vehicle {
@Override
void drive() {
System.out.println("Repairing a car");
public static void main(String[] args) {
Vehicle v = new Car();
v.drive();
Output:
css
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Repairing a car
12. Class Shape with overridden method in Rectangle
java
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class Shape {
double getArea() {
return 0;
class Rectangle extends Shape {
double length, width;
Rectangle(double length, double width) {
this.length = length;
this.width = width;
@Override
double getArea() {
return length * width;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(5, 3);
System.out.println("Area: " + rect.getArea());
Output:
makefile
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Area: 15.0
13. Class Employee with overridden and new methods in HRManager
java
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class Employee {
void work() {
System.out.println("Working...");
double getSalary() {
return 50000;
class HRManager extends Employee {
@Override
void work() {
System.out.println("Managing HR tasks");
void addEmployee() {
System.out.println("Employee added");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
HRManager hr = new HRManager();
hr.work();
hr.addEmployee();
Output:
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Managing HR tasks
Employee added
14. Class BankAccount with overridden method in SavingsAccount
java
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class BankAccount {
double balance;
void deposit(double amount) {
balance += amount;
void withdraw(double amount) {
balance -= amount;
class SavingsAccount extends BankAccount {
@Override
void withdraw(double amount) {
if (balance - amount < 100) {
System.out.println("Withdrawal denied: Balance too low");
} else {
super.withdraw(amount);
System.out.println("Withdrawal successful");
public static void main(String[] args) {
SavingsAccount acc = new SavingsAccount();
acc.deposit(200);
acc.withdraw(150);
acc.withdraw(50);
Output:
yaml
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Withdrawal successful
Withdrawal denied: Balance too low
15. Class Animal with overridden method in Cheetah
java
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class Animal {
void move() {
System.out.println("Animal is moving");
class Cheetah extends Animal {
@Override
void move() {
System.out.println("Cheetah is running fast");
public static void main(String[] args) {
Animal a = new Cheetah();
a.move();
Output:
arduino
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Cheetah is running fast
16. Class Person with overridden and new methods in Employee
java
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class Person {
String getFirstName() {
return "John";
String getLastName() {
return "Doe";
class Employee extends Person {
int getEmployeeId() {
return 123;
}
@Override
String getLastName() {
return "Doe (Manager)";
public static void main(String[] args) {
Employee emp = new Employee();
System.out.println(emp.getFirstName() + " " + emp.getLastName() + ", ID: " +
emp.getEmployeeId());
Output:
java
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John Doe (Manager), ID: 123
17. Class Shape with overridden methods in Circle
java
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class Shape {
double getPerimeter() {
return 0;
double getArea() {
return 0;
}
class Circle extends Shape {
double radius;
Circle(double radius) {
this.radius = radius;
@Override
double getPerimeter() {
return 2 * Math.PI * radius;
@Override
double getArea() {
return Math.PI * radius * radius;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Circle c = new Circle(5);
System.out.printf("Perimeter: %.2f, Area: %.2f\n", c.getPerimeter(), c.getArea());
Output:
mathematica
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Perimeter: 31.42, Area: 78.54
18. Vehicle class hierarchy
java
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class Vehicle {
String make, model;
int year;
double fuelEfficiency() {
return 0;
class Car extends Vehicle {
@Override
double fuelEfficiency() {
return 15; // km/l
class Truck extends Vehicle {
@Override
double fuelEfficiency() {
return 8;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Car car = new Car();
Truck truck = new Truck();
System.out.println("Car fuel efficiency: " + car.fuelEfficiency());
System.out.println("Truck fuel efficiency: " + truck.fuelEfficiency());
Output:
yaml
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Car fuel efficiency: 15.0
Truck fuel efficiency: 8.0
19. Employee class hierarchy
java
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class Employee {
String name, jobTitle;
double salary;
double calculateBonus() {
return salary * 0.1;
class Manager extends Employee {
@Override
double calculateBonus() {
return salary * 0.2;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Manager m = new Manager();
m.salary = 100000;
System.out.println("Manager bonus: " + m.calculateBonus());
Output:
yaml
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Manager bonus: 20000.0
20. Abstract class Animal with subclasses
abstract class Animal {
abstract void sound();
class Lion extends Animal {
@Override
void sound() {
System.out.println("Roar");
class Tiger extends Animal {
@Override
void sound() {
System.out.println("Growl");
public static void main(String[] args) {
Animal lion = new Lion();
Animal tiger = new Tiger();
lion.sound();
tiger.sound();
Output:
Roar
Growl
4o
21. Abstract class Shape with subclasses Circle and Triangle
java
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abstract class Shape {
abstract double calculateArea();
abstract double calculatePerimeter();
class Circle extends Shape {
double radius;
Circle(double radius) {
this.radius = radius;
@Override
double calculateArea() {
return Math.PI * radius * radius;
@Override
double calculatePerimeter() {
return 2 * Math.PI * radius;
class Triangle extends Shape {
double base, height, sideA, sideB, sideC;
Triangle(double base, double height, double sideA, double sideB, double sideC) {
this.base = base;
this.height = height;
this.sideA = sideA;
this.sideB = sideB;
this.sideC = sideC;
@Override
double calculateArea() {
return 0.5 * base * height;
@Override
double calculatePerimeter() {
return sideA + sideB + sideC;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Circle c = new Circle(5);
System.out.printf("Circle Area: %.2f, Perimeter: %.2f\n", c.calculateArea(),
c.calculatePerimeter());
Triangle t = new Triangle(3, 4, 3, 4, 5);
System.out.printf("Triangle Area: %.2f, Perimeter: %.2f\n", t.calculateArea(),
t.calculatePerimeter());
Output:
mathematica
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Circle Area: 78.54, Perimeter: 31.42
Triangle Area: 6.00, Perimeter: 12.00
22. Abstract class Animal with subclasses
java
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abstract class Animal {
abstract void eat();
abstract void sleep();
class Lion extends Animal {
@Override
void eat() {
System.out.println("Lion eats meat");
@Override
void sleep() {
System.out.println("Lion sleeps in the den");
class Tiger extends Animal {
@Override
void eat() {
System.out.println("Tiger hunts prey");
@Override
void sleep() {
System.out.println("Tiger sleeps in the forest");
}
class Deer extends Animal {
@Override
void eat() {
System.out.println("Deer eats grass");
@Override
void sleep() {
System.out.println("Deer sleeps under trees");
public static void main(String[] args) {
Animal lion = new Lion();
Animal tiger = new Tiger();
Animal deer = new Deer();
lion.eat();
lion.sleep();
tiger.eat();
tiger.sleep();
deer.eat();
deer.sleep();
Output:
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Lion eats meat
Lion sleeps in the den
Tiger hunts prey
Tiger sleeps in the forest
Deer eats grass
Deer sleeps under trees
23. Abstract class Vehicle with subclasses
java
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abstract class Vehicle {
abstract void startEngine();
abstract void stopEngine();
class Car extends Vehicle {
@Override
void startEngine() {
System.out.println("Car engine started");
@Override
void stopEngine() {
System.out.println("Car engine stopped");
class Motorcycle extends Vehicle {
@Override
void startEngine() {
System.out.println("Motorcycle engine started");
@Override
void stopEngine() {
System.out.println("Motorcycle engine stopped");
public static void main(String[] args) {
Vehicle car = new Car();
Vehicle bike = new Motorcycle();
car.startEngine();
car.stopEngine();
bike.startEngine();
bike.stopEngine();
Output:
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Car engine started
Car engine stopped
Motorcycle engine started
Motorcycle engine stopped
24. Interface Shape with implementing classes
java
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interface Shape {
double getArea();
class Rectangle implements Shape {
double length, width;
Rectangle(double length, double width) {
this.length = length;
this.width = width;
@Override
public double getArea() {
return length * width;
class Circle implements Shape {
double radius;
Circle(double radius) {
this.radius = radius;
@Override
public double getArea() {
return Math.PI * radius * radius;
class Triangle implements Shape {
double base, height;
Triangle(double base, double height) {
this.base = base;
this.height = height;
}
@Override
public double getArea() {
return 0.5 * base * height;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Shape rect = new Rectangle(4, 5);
Shape circle = new Circle(3);
Shape triangle = new Triangle(4, 3);
System.out.printf("Rectangle Area: %.2f\n", rect.getArea());
System.out.printf("Circle Area: %.2f\n", circle.getArea());
System.out.printf("Triangle Area: %.2f\n", triangle.getArea());
Output:
mathematica
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Rectangle Area: 20.00
Circle Area: 28.27
Triangle Area: 6.00
25. Interface Animal with class Dog
java
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interface Animal {
void bark();
class Dog implements Animal {
@Override
public void bark() {
System.out.println("Dog is barking");
public static void main(String[] args) {
Dog dog = new Dog();
dog.bark();
Output:
csharp
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Dog is barking
26. Exception Handling
java
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public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
int result = 10 / 0;
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
System.out.println("Exception caught: " + e.getMessage());
Output:
csharp
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Exception caught: / by zero
27. File Reading with Exception Handling
java
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import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
File file = new File("test.txt");
if (file.length() == 0) {
throw new Exception("File is empty");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Exception: " + e.getMessage());
Output:
php
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Exception: File is empty
28. Basic Java Thread
java
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class HelloThread extends Thread {
public void run() {
System.out.println("Hello, IT B!");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
HelloThread thread = new HelloThread();
thread.start();
Output:
css
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Hello, IT B!
29. Even and Odd Numbers using Threads
java
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class EvenThread extends Thread {
public void run() {
for (int i = 2; i <= 20; i += 2) {
System.out.println("Even: " + i);
class OddThread extends Thread {
public void run() {
for (int i = 1; i <= 19; i += 2) {
System.out.println("Odd: " + i);
public static void main(String[] args) {
new EvenThread().start();
new OddThread().start();
}
Output:
makefile
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Even: 2
Odd: 1
...
30. Multiplication using Threads
java
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class MultiplyThread extends Thread {
private int num;
MultiplyThread(int num) {
this.num = num;
public void run() {
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
System.out.printf("%d x %d = %d\n", num, i, num * i);
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MultiplyThread(5).start();
Output:
python
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5x1=5
5 x 2 = 10
...
31. Multiple Threads Incrementing a Shared Counter
java
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class Counter {
private int count = 0;
synchronized void increment() {
count++;
synchronized int getCount() {
return count;
class IncrementThread extends Thread {
private Counter counter;
IncrementThread(Counter counter) {
this.counter = counter;
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
counter.increment();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Counter counter = new Counter();
Thread t1 = new IncrementThread(counter);
Thread t2 = new IncrementThread(counter);
t1.start();
t2.start();
try {
t1.join();
t2.join();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("Final Counter Value: " + counter.getCount());
Output:
yaml
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Final Counter Value: 2000
32. Read File Content Line by Line
java
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import java.io.*;
public class FileReaderExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("test.txt"))) {
String line;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println(line);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Output (Assuming test.txt contains Hello World and Java Programming):
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Hello World
Java Programming
33. Read File Line by Line into a Variable
java
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import java.io.*;
public class FileToVariable {
public static void main(String[] args) {
StringBuilder fileContent = new StringBuilder();
try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("test.txt"))) {
String line;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
fileContent.append(line).append("\n");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println(fileContent.toString());
}
}
Output:
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Hello World
Java Programming
34. Write and Read Plain Text File
java
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import java.io.*;
public class FileWriteRead {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String data = "Hello, Java!";
try (FileWriter writer = new FileWriter("example.txt")) {
writer.write(data);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
try (BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("example.txt"))) {
System.out.println("File Content: " + br.readLine());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Output:
arduino
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File Content: Hello, Java!
35. JavaFX "Hello, IT B!"
java
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import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
public class HelloITB extends Application {
@Override
public void start(Stage stage) {
Label label = new Label("Hello, IT B!");
Scene scene = new Scene(label, 200, 100);
stage.setTitle("Greeting");
stage.setScene(scene);
stage.show();
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
Output: Displays a window with "Hello, IT B!" message.
36. JavaFX Input and Button
java
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import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.*;
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
public class InputDisplayApp extends Application {
@Override
public void start(Stage stage) {
TextField textField = new TextField();
Button button = new Button("Display");
Label label = new Label();
button.setOnAction(e -> label.setText(textField.getText()));
VBox vbox = new VBox(10, textField, button, label);
Scene scene = new Scene(vbox, 300, 200);
stage.setTitle("Text Display");
stage.setScene(scene);
stage.show();
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
Output: Displays a window where text input updates a label upon button click.
37. JavaFX Basic Calculator
java
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import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.*;
import javafx.scene.layout.VBox;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
public class CalculatorApp extends Application {
@Override
public void start(Stage stage) {
TextField num1 = new TextField();
TextField num2 = new TextField();
Button addButton = new Button("Add");
Label result = new Label();
addButton.setOnAction(e -> {
double number1 = Double.parseDouble(num1.getText());
double number2 = Double.parseDouble(num2.getText());
result.setText("Sum: " + (number1 + number2));
});
VBox vbox = new VBox(10, num1, num2, addButton, result);
Scene scene = new Scene(vbox, 300, 200);
stage.setTitle("Basic Calculator");
stage.setScene(scene);
stage.show();
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
Output: Performs addition and displays the result.
38. Electricity Bill Generator
java
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class ElectricityBill {
String consumerName, connectionType;
int previousReading, currentReading;
ElectricityBill(String name, String type, int prev, int curr) {
consumerName = name;
connectionType = type;
previousReading = prev;
currentReading = curr;
double calculateBill() {
int units = currentReading - previousReading;
double bill = 0;
if ("domestic".equalsIgnoreCase(connectionType)) {
bill = units <= 100 ? units :
units <= 200 ? 100 + (units - 100) * 2.5 :
units <= 500 ? 350 + (units - 200) * 4 :
1550 + (units - 500) * 6;
} else if ("commercial".equalsIgnoreCase(connectionType)) {
bill = units <= 100 ? units * 2 :
units <= 200 ? 200 + (units - 100) * 4.5 :
units <= 500 ? 650 + (units - 200) * 6 :
2450 + (units - 500) * 7;
return bill;
public static void main(String[] args) {
ElectricityBill bill = new ElectricityBill("John", "domestic", 120, 620);
System.out.printf("Bill Amount: Rs. %.2f\n", bill.calculateBill());
Output:
yaml
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Bill Amount: Rs. 2450.00
Let me know if you'd like more detailed explanations or solutions!
4o
You said:
from 39 to 43
ChatGPT said:
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Here are concise Java programs with their outputs for the requested questions:
39. Employee Class with Subclasses and Pay Slip Generation
java
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class Employee {
String empName, empId, address, mailId;
long mobileNo;
Employee(String name, String id, String addr, String mail, long mobile) {
empName = name;
empId = id;
address = addr;
mailId = mail;
mobileNo = mobile;
}
class Programmer extends Employee {
double basicPay;
Programmer(String name, String id, String addr, String mail, long mobile, double pay) {
super(name, id, addr, mail, mobile);
basicPay = pay;
void generatePaySlip() {
double da = 0.97 * basicPay;
double hra = 0.10 * basicPay;
double pf = 0.12 * basicPay;
double staffClub = 0.001 * basicPay;
double grossSalary = basicPay + da + hra;
double netSalary = grossSalary - pf - staffClub;
System.out.printf("Gross Salary: %.2f, Net Salary: %.2f\n", grossSalary, netSalary);
public static void main(String[] args) {
Programmer p = new Programmer("Alice", "P123", "Chennai", "alice@mail.com", 9876543210L,
50000);
p.generatePaySlip();
Output:
yaml
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Gross Salary: 107000.00, Net Salary: 101940.00
40. Implementing Java Packages
File: mypackage/MyClass.java
java
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package mypackage;
public class MyClass {
public void displayMessage() {
System.out.println("Hello from MyClass in mypackage!");
File: Main.java
java
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import mypackage.MyClass;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyClass obj = new MyClass();
obj.displayMessage();
Output:
vbnet
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Hello from MyClass in mypackage!
41. Abstract Class Shape with Subclasses
java
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abstract class Shape {
int a, b;
Shape(int a, int b) {
this.a = a;
this.b = b;
abstract void printArea();
class Rectangle extends Shape {
Rectangle(int length, int breadth) {
super(length, breadth);
void printArea() {
System.out.println("Rectangle Area: " + (a * b));
class Circle extends Shape {
Circle(int radius, int unused) {
super(radius, unused);
void printArea() {
System.out.println("Circle Area: " + (3.14 * a * a));
class Triangle extends Shape {
Triangle(int base, int height) {
super(base, height);
void printArea() {
System.out.println("Triangle Area: " + (0.5 * a * b));
public class ShapeTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Shape rectangle = new Rectangle(10, 20);
Shape circle = new Circle(7, 0);
Shape triangle = new Triangle(5, 10);
rectangle.printArea();
circle.printArea();
triangle.printArea();
Output:
mathematica
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Rectangle Area: 200
Circle Area: 153.86
Triangle Area: 25.0
42. Multi-Threaded Application with Random Integers
java
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import java.util.Random;
class RandomThread extends Thread {
public void run() {
Random random = new Random();
while (true) {
int num = random.nextInt(100);
System.out.println("Generated: " + num);
if (num % 2 == 0) {
new SquareThread(num).start();
} else {
new CubeThread(num).start();
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
class SquareThread extends Thread {
int num;
SquareThread(int num) {
this.num = num;
public void run() {
System.out.println("Square of " + num + ": " + (num * num));
}
class CubeThread extends Thread {
int num;
CubeThread(int num) {
this.num = num;
public void run() {
System.out.println("Cube of " + num + ": " + (num * num * num));
public class MultiThreadExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new RandomThread().start();
Output (Example Output as Numbers Are Random):
yaml
Copy code
Generated: 25
Cube of 25: 15625
Generated: 10
Square of 10: 100
43. Write and Read File Handling
java
Copy code
import java.io.*;
public class FileWriteRead {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String fileName = "data.txt";
String content = "Hello, File Handling in Java!";
// Writing to the file
try (FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(fileName)) {
writer.write(content);
System.out.println("Data written to file successfully.");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
// Reading from the file
try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(fileName))) {
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println("Read from file: " + line);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Output:
css
Copy code
Data written to file successfully.
Read from file: Hello, File Handling in Java!
