Technical Terms:
1. What is the two major difference between ASD & LRFD?
(i) The comparison of loads to either actual or ultimate strengths.
(ii) A difference in effective factors of safety.
2. Is Bolt tightening methods affecting our shop drawings?
Yes. If it is a TC bolt, bolt specification should call out in BOM.
3. List out the requirements of washer criteria in high strength bolts?
(I) A325N bolts have single washer which comes under head or nut being turned to tighten the
bolt
(II) A490N bolts have double washer which comes under nut and bolt head.
3. Why A325N bolts can do Galvanized, but not A490N?
A325N bolts are Carbon steels So we can do Galvanize. But, A490N bolts are Alloy steels, So
can't do Galvanize.
4. Explain the general terms Class A & Class B bolts?
(i) Class A bolts used at Clean mill scale steel surfaces,
(ii) Class B bolts used at blast cleaned steel surfaces.
Both at slip critical joints only.
5. What are the types of weld testing methods?
(i) Visual Inspection (VT) Visual inspection is often the most cost-effective method.
(ii) Radio graphic Inspection.
(iii) Magnetic Particle Inspection (MT)
(iv) Liquid Penetrant Inspection (PT)
(v) Ultrasonic Inspection (UT)
6. What does CVN stands for? And where does it applies?
CVN stands for Charpy V-notch(welding). It applies at DCW (Demand critical weld) during shop
inspection for the certain thickness of materials.
7. What is intumescent paint?
Intumescent paint is also known as fire resistant paint is used in buildings as a
passive fire resistance measure. They can be applied to structural members as an
aesthetically pleasing fireproofing product.
8. Briefly explain: AESS
1. Material exposed to view is called AESS (Architecturally Exposed Structural Steel). Generally
Architect to confirm the material which ever to receive AESS. AESS steels separated into 5 categories:
I) AESS 1 - Basic elements
ii) AESS 2 - Feature elements not in close view.
Iii) AESS 3 – Feature elements in close view
iv) AESS 4 - Shocase elements
v) AESS 5 - Custom elements.
In general AESS steels may be painted or galvanized. Those things engineer to confirm. If the steel
receive AESS, In shop drawings we have to callout respective finish information with AESS category as
per catalog.
9. Explain the terms and conditions for Safety line holes in beam?
The safety will applicable in WF members only which is more than 8'-0” length at top flange of
the beam from edge of beam to 1'-0” horizontally at both ends with 1” vertical rolled edge distance
@ exterior side. Make a note, holes to be in same line not ziz zac. Hole dia to be standard hole dia.
10. What is prequalified welded joints?
It is a formal written document describing welding procedures is Known as Prequalified welded
joints. It is also known as welding procedure specification.(WPS)
11. What are the types of forces?
I) Axial (Tension and Compression)
II) Shear (Horizontal and vertical)
III) Moment (Major axis, minor axis & torsional)
12. Explain Type 1 and type 3 bolts?
Type 1: (Medium carbon and alloy steel)
According to the RCSC, Type 1 covers medium carbon steel for F3125 Grade A325 bolts and
alloy steel for F3125 Grade A490 bolts. Type 1 Grade A325 bolts can be mechanically coated or
hot-dip galvanized to protect them from corrosion. Type 1 Grade A490 bolts on the other hand are
only approved for F1136 Grade 3 and F2833 Grade 1 coatings per ASTM F3125 and the IFI 144
Standard unlike Type 3 weathering steel, any rust on Type 1 bolts will not act as a protective
coating to the bolt. Though Type 1 A325 bolts can have a protective coating (mechanical or hot-
dipped), it is extremely important to ensure proper job site storage throughout your project to
prevent any corrosion.
Type 3: (High strength Bolts, Weathering steel)
The alternative to Type 1 steel is Type 3 weathering steel. These high strength fasteners have
atmospheric corrosion resistance and weathering properties. This means that Type 3 structural
bolts are designed to weather and rust over time. Unlike Type 1, their rust acts as a protective
barrier or “coating” that seals the bolt.
13. As per IBC, what is the slope degree for Stair and ladder?
In general, stair slope degree is 30° to 50° and Ladder slope degree is 60° to 90°.
14. What is jam nut stands for?
It is also called as check nut. It is a low profile type of nut, typically half as tall as a standard
nut. It is used for finger tightened connection as a lock nut, where it is “jammed” up against a
standard nut to lock the two in place.
15. What is faying surface?
The plane of contact between two plies of joint.
16. What is pre-tensioned joints?
A pretension joint is a joint that transmits shear and/ or tensile loads in which the bolts have
been installed to provide a pretension in the installed bolt. Bolts can be pretension using turn-of-
nut, calibrated wrench, twist- off-type tension-control bolt or direct-tension-indicating washer
methods.
17. What is the use of seal welds?
Seal welds are used most often not to prevent leakage out of a container, but to prevent
entry of a fluid into a space.
18. What is difference between camber and sweep?
The Difference between Camber and Sweep, When we are talking about metal bending a
camber denotes a curve in the vertical plane (hard way bending) and a sweep denotes a curve in
the horizontal plane (easy way bending). ... Adding a sweep or camber in a member will increase
its yield and tensile strength.
19. What is Kettle size for Galvanized Tank?
44’ L x48’ Wx 60” D.
20. How does AISC 13th edition derived?
A combination of up to 9th edition of ASD and up to 3rd edition of LRFD (In total 12) and One
addition to revision is 13th Edition.
