Case based questions
Q1)The given below images are that of a specialized slide projector.
Slides are small transparencies mounted in sturdy frames ideally suited
to magnification and projection, since they have a very high resolution
and a high image quality. There is a tray where the slides are to be put
into a particular orientation so that the viewers can see the enlarged
erect images of the transparent slides. This means that the slides will
have to be inserted upside down in the projector tray.
To show her students the images of insects that she investigated in the
lab, Mrs. Iyer brought a slide projector. Her slide projector produces a
500 times enlarged inverted image of a slide on a screen 10 m away.
(A) Based on the text and data given in the above paragraph,
what kind of lens must the slide projector have?
(B) If v is the symbol used for image distance and u for object
distance then with one reason state what will be the sign
for v/u in the given case?
(C) A slide projector has a convex lens with a focal length
of 20 cm. The slide is placed upside down 30 cm from
the lens. How far away should the screen be placed
from the slide projector’s lens so that the slide is in
focus?
Q2) Vikram had gone to his cousin's apartment to celebrate Holi. While
climbing the stairs he observed that all the electric meters and main
switches were installed on one side of the staircase. On each meter box
apart from other information, the following was also written:kWh meter,
220V.
(A)What is the frequency of A.C. in India? Does frequency of an a.c.
changes when speed of rotation of the armature coil is increased in
an AC generator.
(B)Vikram is curious to know if there is any difference between the
wire used in the element of an electric heater and the wire used in
fuse. Explain.
(C)State two factors by which the magnitude of emf induced can be
increased.
(D) State two advantages of a.c. over d.c.
Q3)A block and tackle system consists of two or more pulleys called a
block with a rope or thread passing over the pulleys that winds the
pulleys of the two blocks. The blocks are paired so that one is fixed and
one moves with the load. The rope is threaded through the pulleys to
provide ‘mechanical advantage’ that amplifies the force applied to the
rope.
.
The diagram above shows a pulley system used in big ships to lift heavy
containers.
a) What is the V.R. of the pulley system referred to in the
diagram?
b)It was seen that this pulley system does not provide output
equal to the input on the machine. Give two possible reasons
for this.
c) After thoroughly lubricating this pulley system it was able to
lift a container of 100 kgf through a vertical height of 20m,
Find the work done by effort.
Q4) When a current carrying conductor is held near a magnetic needle,
the magnetic needle gets deflected. Thus if a magnet is light and free to
move, then the current flowing through a conductor held near it will
produce motion in it. The reverse of it is also true i.e. a magnetic field
also exerts a force on a current carrying conductor placed in it. This is
known as motor effect
A teacher did the following three setups to demonstrate the motor effect
to his students.
a) State the direction of force experienced by wire(X), copper
rod(Y) and copper wire(Y) and the energy conversion taking
place.
b)Name the law by which you arrived to your conclusion in (a).
c) If wire(X) and copper wire (Y) are connected to battery which
supplies a current of 2A in each case, then state how the
teacher can change the magnitude of force experienced by
the two wires.
8)Satyam, a student in class 8th noticed a transformer along the
roadside while he was going to his school. He was curious about the
device so he reached out to his older brother who studies in class 10
and asked him about transformers.
His brother told him that a transformer is a device which is used to vary
the magnitude of an alternating current and he drew a simplified diagram
of the transformer which his younger brother saw as shown in the
diagram above.
a) Identify parts labelled B and C and also write the name of the
material used to make A.
b)Satyam's brother told him that “There are three types of energy
losses in a transformer”. Write the name of the three.
c) Which among B or C is kept thicker in the transformer shown
above and state the reason for doing so.
d)If the current in B and C are IB and IC and emf is EB and EC.
Write a relationship between them and also state if IB is
greater than or less than IC.
Q9)A small hydropower plant in a village uses an AC generator to
produce electricity. The generator consists of a coil rotating in a
magnetic field, generating an alternating current that powers homes and
streetlights of the village.
a) In which position of the coil ABCD(X or Y) is the below
quantity maximum?
i) magnetic flux
ii) induced current
b)Which is the direction of current in the coil X (S1 to S2 or S2 to
S1)? Name the law by which you reached this conclusion.
c) One day, the villagers notice that the lights are flickering and
not functioning properly. The engineer examines the
generator and finds out two faults which decreased the
magnitude of induced emf in the coil. Name those factors.
d)State the direction of induced
current when
i) The magnet enters the coil.
ii) The magnet leaves the coil.
Q10)Amit was conducting an experiment with a convex lens of μ0=1.5.
He placed the lens in two mediums X and Y of refractive indices μ1 and
μ2 respectively. He observed that the lens in medium X converges the
light rays to a point but in medium Y it seems to spread the rays apart.
Confused by this he reached out to his teacher to discuss this.
His teacher explained that the way a lens bends light depends on
multiple factors, not only its shape.
a) Name the two factors on which focal length of a lens depends.
Or
Name any one factor on which nature of lens(converging or
diverging) depends.
b)State whether μ2 is greater than or less than 1.5.
c) While placing the lens from medium X to medium Y, Amit
noted that focal length of the lens decreased. Is he correct in
his observation? Give a reason.
d)A ray diagram showing image formation of an object of height
2 cm by a convex lens is shown below. Find the value of L.
Q11) Aryan and his friends went on a trekking trip to a forested area.
After a long day of hiking, they set up camp and lit a bonfire to keep
warm. As they sat around the fire, Aryan noticed something strange.
Whenever he looked at his friend Ravi, who was sitting across the fire,
Ravi's face seemed to be shimmer and waver, almost as if it were
moving like a mirage in the desert.
Curious about this effect, Aryan tried looking at different objects beyond
the fire, such as trees and rocks. They all seemed to appear distorted
when viewed through the rising heat of the flames.
A)Which phenomenon is responsible for the above occurrence?
State any one condition for it to occur.
B)With reference to the diagram showing
path of a monochromatic ray as it
passes from a glass slab, answer the
questions that follow:
i) What is the distance PQ called?
ii)State whether PQ increases or
decreases or remains the same if the
outside medium is replaced from air to
water.
iii)A student places a 3 cm thick glass slab over an ink mark
on a table. Find the distance by which the ink mark appears to
be raised. (refractive index of glass= 3/2)
