1. The Code of Ethics is a set of _____ and _____ rules.

Explanation: D
A. Principles and culture: This option suggests that the Code of Ethics is a set of principles and
cultural rules. Culture refers to the beliefs, customs, and behaviors of a particular society or
group. While culture can influence ethical standards, the Code of Ethics primarily focuses on
universal principles rather than specific cultural norms.
B. Principles and rights: This option implies that the Code of Ethics consists of principles and
rights-based rules. Rights-based ethics emphasize the importance of individual rights and
freedoms. While rights are a crucial aspect of ethical considerations, the Code of Ethics typically
encompasses a broader set of principles beyond just rights.
C. Principles and ethical: This option mentions principles and ethics, which may seem redundant
as ethics itself is the study of moral principles and values. While ethics guides behavior and
decision-making based on principles, the Code of Ethics is a specific set of guidelines or rules
derived from ethical principles rather than ethics itself.
D. Principles and values: This choice accurately reflects the nature of the Code of Ethics. The
Code of Ethics is a set of principles and values that establish standards for ethical conduct and
decision-making. Principles provide the foundation for ethical behavior, while values represent
the core beliefs and ideals that shape ethical practices.

2. It is a set of rules for determining moral standards or socially acceptable behavior.

Explanation: C
a. Protocol: Protocol typically refers to a set of rules or guidelines for formal behavior in official or
diplomatic contexts. While protocol involves rules of conduct, it is more specific to formal
procedures and customs rather than determining moral standards or socially acceptable
behavior.
b. Standard: Standards are criteria or guidelines that define acceptable behavior or quality in
various contexts. While standards can encompass moral principles, they are not specifically
focused on determining moral standards or socially acceptable behavior as described in the
question.
c. Ethics: This choice accurately represents the concept described in the question. Ethics refers to
the principles, values, and rules that govern moral behavior and guide individuals in determining
what is right or wrong, good or bad. The Code of Ethics, as mentioned in the question, is a
specific set of ethical guidelines that outline acceptable behavior within a particular profession or
organization.
d. None of the given: This option indicates that none of the provided choices accurately describe
the concept of a set of rules for determining moral standards or socially acceptable behavior.
However, based on the context of the question, "Ethics" aligns most closely with the description
provided
3. Teachers have the duty to actively carry out the policies of the State. What must he take in
order to effect this?
Explanation: D
a. A course in professional ethics: Taking a course in professional ethics can enhance a teacher's
understanding of ethical principles and responsibilities in their profession. While this can be
beneficial for ethical decision-making, it is not a specific requirement for actively carrying out the
policies of the State.
b. The civil service examination: The civil service examination is a standardized test that
individuals may need to pass to qualify for government employment. While passing this exam
may be necessary for certain government positions, it is not directly related to the duty of
teachers to carry out state policies.
c. The licensure examination: The licensure examination is a standardized test that individuals
must pass to obtain a professional license in a specific field, such as teaching. Teachers often
need to pass a licensure examination to demonstrate their competence in the subject matter
they teach. While licensure is essential for teaching, it is not the specific requirement for actively
carrying out state policies.
d. An oath: This choice is the most appropriate in the context of teachers carrying out state
policies. Taking an oath signifies a formal commitment to uphold the duties and responsibilities
associated with a particular role, such as teaching. By taking an oath, teachers pledge to fulfill
their obligations in alignment with state policies and regulations.

4. Which of the following is NOT a commendable act of a teacher?

Explanation: C
a. Maintain dignified personality at all times: This is a commendable act for a teacher as it
reflects professionalism and respect in interactions with students, colleagues, and the
community.
b. Recognition of God as guide of his own destiny: While personal beliefs and spirituality can be
important to individuals, the recognition of God as a guide is a personal matter and may not be
directly related to professional conduct. It is not inherently commendable or uncommendable in
a professional context.
c. Submission to the press any justifiable criticism against another teacher: Submitting
justifiable criticisms against another teacher to the press is not considered a commendable act.
Professional disagreements or criticisms should be addressed through appropriate channels
within the educational institution rather than through the media.
d. Transacting all official businesses through channels: This is a commendable act for a teacher
as it ensures transparency, accountability, and adherence to established procedures when dealing
with official matters. Conducting official business through proper channels helps maintain order
and professionalism within the educational environment.
5. Which is not a commendable act of any school officials?
Explanation: D
a. Alcoholism: Alcoholism is a personal issue that can affect an individual's health, well-being,
and professional performance. It is not a commendable act for any school official to engage in
alcoholism, as it can impair judgment, behavior, and effectiveness in fulfilling their
responsibilities.
b. Discourage attendance to professional growth and encouraging the teacher to just stick to
teaching: This is not a commendable act of any school official. Encouraging teachers to avoid
professional development and growth opportunities can hinder their professional advancement,
limit their effectiveness in the classroom, and hinder overall educational quality.
c. Recommend the dismissal of a teacher for any cause: Recommending the dismissal of a
teacher for any cause without valid reasons or due process is not a commendable act for school
officials. Dismissals should be based on fair and justifiable grounds, following proper procedures
and protocols.
d. All of the above: This option suggests that all the mentioned actions (alcoholism, discouraging
professional growth, encouraging dismissal without cause) are not commendable acts for school
officials. It is important for school officials to uphold ethical standards, support teacher
development, and make decisions that are fair and in the best interest of the school community.

6. Which is unethical on the part of a professional teacher?

Explanation: C
a. She does not know the terms and conditions of her employment: It is unethical for a
professional teacher not to be familiar with the terms and conditions of their employment.
Understanding these terms is essential for fulfilling responsibilities, rights, and obligations within
the educational institution.
b. She avoids jeopardizing the interest and welfare of the learners: This is a commendable act
rather than an unethical one. Teachers have a duty to prioritize the well-being and interests of
their students to create a supportive and conducive learning environment.
c. She bases the evaluation of the learner’s work only on merit and quality of academic
performance: While evaluating academic performance based on merit and quality is important,
solely focusing on academic achievements may overlook other essential aspects of a student's
development. Teachers should consider a holistic approach to assessment that encompasses
various skills and qualities beyond academic performance.
d. She establishes cordial relations with the community: Building positive relationships with the
community is a positive attribute for a teacher. Establishing cordial relations with the community
fosters collaboration, support, and engagement in educational initiatives. This choice is not
unethical but rather encouraged for teachers to create a supportive network for students and
enhance community involvement in education.
7. No matter the degree of offense the learner committed, the teacher shall ________.
Explanation: B
a. Not inform any problems to the parent and students: It is unethical for a teacher to withhold
information about a student's misconduct or offenses from parents or other relevant parties.
Transparency and communication with parents are crucial for addressing student behavior issues
effectively.
b. Not inflict physical harm on the learner: It is a fundamental ethical principle that teachers
should never inflict physical harm on students, regardless of the offense committed. Physical
harm is unacceptable and goes against the duty of care and responsibility teachers have towards
their students.
c. Not bring any student/learner to the principal’s office: Bringing a student to the principal's
office may be necessary in certain situations to address serious behavioral issues or disciplinary
matters. Refraining from involving the principal when needed may prevent appropriate
interventions and resolutions.
d. Not elevate any problem to higher authorities: While teachers are encouraged to handle
minor issues within their capacity, there are situations where it is necessary to escalate problems
to higher authorities for proper management and support. Not elevating significant issues to
higher authorities when required may result in inadequate resolution and support for students.

8. The teacher is a human being endowed with life for which it is the highest obligation to live
with _____ at all times whether in school, in the home, or elsewhere.
Explanation: C
a. Thoughtfulness: Thoughtfulness involves being considerate, attentive, and reflective in one's
actions and interactions. While thoughtfulness is a positive trait, it may not fully capture the
highest obligation of a teacher's life in all circumstances.
b. Humility: Humility is the quality of being humble, modest, and respectful. It involves
acknowledging one's limitations and showing a willingness to learn from others. Living with
humility aligns with the idea of prioritizing the well-being and growth of students over personal
pride or ego.
c. Dignity: Dignity refers to the inherent worth and value of every individual. Living with dignity
entails respecting oneself and others, upholding ethical standards, and behaving with integrity
and honor. Maintaining dignity in all aspects of life reflects a commitment to upholding moral
principles and treating others with respect.
d. Pride: While taking pride in one's work and achievements can be positive, excessive pride or
arrogance may hinder effective teaching and relationships with students. Living with pride as the
highest obligation may not always align with the selfless and service-oriented nature of teaching.
9. You just passed the Licensure Examination for. You applied for a teaching job in a central
school. The district supervisor promised you a position if you are willing to give a month’s salary
in advance. How will you react to this situation?
Explanation: D
a. Accept the offer because it is difficult to land a job nowadays: While it may be tempting to
accept the offer due to the challenges of finding a job, paying a bribe for a job is unethical and
illegal. It sets a wrong precedent and perpetuates corruption in the system.
b. Refuse to pay but apply for the position just the same: This is the ethical choice. Refusing to
pay the bribe demonstrates integrity and a commitment to ethical principles. It is important to
apply for the position based on merit and qualifications rather than engaging in corrupt practices.
c. Accept the offer and mark the money to be used as evidence: This option involves accepting
the offer but with the intention of gathering evidence to expose the corruption. While it may be a
risky approach, it could potentially help in addressing the issue of corruption in the education
system.
d. Report the matter to the national dailies: Reporting the matter to the media can bring public
attention to the corruption and misconduct. This action could lead to investigations and
accountability measures against the district supervisor. However, it is important to consider the
potential consequences of going public with such allegations.

10. Whose interest is the teacher’s first and foremost concern?

Explanation: D
a. Parents: While parents play a crucial role in a student's education and well-being, the primary
focus of a teacher is typically on the learner, the student themselves. Teachers aim to support
students in their academic, social, and personal development, with the learner's best interests at
the forefront of their work.
b. Tesda: Tesda (Technical Education and Skills Development Authority) is a government agency in
the Philippines that focuses on technical-vocational education and training. While Tesda plays a
significant role in the education sector, the immediate concern of a teacher is usually the
learner's growth, learning, and welfare.
c. Principal: The principal is an important figure in the school administration, providing leadership
and guidance. However, the primary responsibility of a teacher is to prioritize the needs and
interests of the learners under their care, ensuring they receive quality education and support.
d. Learner: The learner's interest is the teacher's first and foremost concern. Teachers are
dedicated to fostering the academic, social, emotional, and overall development of their
students. They work to create a conducive learning environment, address individual needs, and
facilitate the learner's growth and success. The learner's well-being and progress are central to
the teacher's role and responsibilities.

11. How will a teacher show a good reputation with respect to financial matters?
Explanation: B
a. Sell shirts and bags to well-to-do parents during PTA meeting: While selling items to parents
may generate income, doing so during a PTA meeting may not be appropriate and may create
conflicts of interest. It is essential for teachers to maintain professionalism and avoid engaging in
activities that may compromise their integrity.
b. Pays immediately the tuition fees he borrowed: Paying immediately the tuition fees borrowed
demonstrates financial responsibility and integrity. It shows that the teacher honors financial
commitments promptly, which contributes to a good reputation in financial matters.
c. Pays for meals and snacks of the other teachers: While offering to pay for meals and snacks of
other teachers is a kind gesture, it may not directly relate to demonstrating good financial
reputation. Personal generosity is positive, but financial responsibility is more about managing
one's own finances effectively.
d. Settles his debts and loans: This is the most appropriate choice for showing a good reputation
in financial matters. By settling debts and loans in a timely manner, a teacher demonstrates
financial accountability, reliability, and integrity. It reflects responsible financial behavior and
contributes to a positive reputation.

12. Why should a teacher participate in the Continuing Professional Education program of the
PRC?
Explanation: D
a. To improve his efficiency: Participating in Continuing Professional Education (CPE) programs
helps teachers stay updated on the latest trends, techniques, and information in education. This
continuous learning process can enhance a teacher's efficiency in delivering quality education
and adapting to new teaching methodologies.
b. To enhance the prestige of his position: Engaging in CPE activities can contribute to enhancing
the prestige of a teacher's position. By demonstrating a commitment to ongoing professional
development and learning, teachers can elevate their reputation and credibility within the
educational community.
c. To strengthen his competence and productivity: Participating in CPE programs is essential for
teachers to enhance their competence, skills, and knowledge in their respective fields.
Continuous learning through professional education programs can improve a teacher's
effectiveness in the classroom, leading to increased productivity and better outcomes for
students.
d. All of the above: All the reasons mentioned (improving efficiency, enhancing prestige,
strengthening competence, and productivity) are valid motivations for teachers to participate in
Continuing Professional Education programs offered by the Professional Regulation Commission
(PRC). Engaging in CPE helps teachers grow professionally, stay relevant in their field, and
contribute to continuous improvement in the education sector.

13. Sir Rafols decided to quit teaching in favor of taking care of his sick mother. What should he
do?
Explanation: C
a. He shall bring home all his data and his records on the students: It is not advisable for Sir
Rafols to take home all his data and student records upon quitting teaching. Student data and
records contain sensitive information that should be securely managed and protected. Bringing
them home could compromise student privacy and confidentiality.
b. He should not share his data and files: While it is important to maintain data security and
confidentiality, completely withholding essential information from the school or incoming
teacher could hinder the continuity of teaching and student progress. Collaboration and sharing
relevant data for a smooth transition are essential.
c. Organize for the incoming teacher such records and other data as are necessary to carry on
the work: This is the most appropriate course of action. Before leaving, Sir Rafols should organize
and provide the incoming teacher with essential records, data, and information necessary to
continue the teaching work effectively. This ensures a seamless transition and maintains
continuity for the benefit of the students.
d. He shall turn over all his chalk, pens, and erasers to the principal: While returning teaching
supplies like chalk, pens, and erasers is a good practice, the priority should be on transferring
important academic records and information to the incoming teacher to ensure the smooth
operation of the class in Sir Rafols' absence.

14. Ethics is sometimes called morality because the two terminologies refer to:
Explanation: B
a. Doing what is right and just according to the Bible: While ethical principles in some cultures
and religions may be influenced by teachings from religious texts such as the Bible, ethics as a
field of study is broader and encompasses a variety of philosophical, cultural, and rational
approaches to determining what is right and just.
b. Examining and doing what is right, good, and just through rational and philosophical means:
This is a comprehensive explanation of the relationship between ethics and morality. Ethics
involves the examination of what is morally right, good, and just through rational and
philosophical reasoning. It encompasses the study of moral principles, values, and ethical
decision-making.
c. Giving what is due to the person: This statement reflects the concept of justice and fairness in
ethical considerations. Ethics often involves determining what is due to individuals or groups
based on principles of fairness, equality, and respect for human dignity.
d. Doing it means to human being: This choice appears to be incomplete and unclear in its
relation to ethics and morality. Ethics typically involves examining actions, behaviors, and
decisions in relation to moral principles and values that guide interactions and relationships
among individuals and within society.

15. In the Virtue Ethics of Aristotle, he speaks about phronesis which means the practice of the
good. But the practice of the good according to Aristotle is a product of:
Explanation: A
a. Habit: According to Aristotle, the practice of the good is closely tied to habit. He believed that
virtues are developed through repeated actions and habits that align with moral principles. By
cultivating virtuous habits, individuals can naturally incline towards doing what is good.
b. Self-examination: While self-examination and reflection are important aspects of Aristotle's
ethical philosophy, the practice of the good is more directly linked to the development of virtuous
habits and character. Self-awareness and introspection can aid in understanding one's
motivations and actions in relation to moral virtues.
c. Commitment: Commitment to moral values and virtues is essential in Aristotle's ethics, but the
practice of the good is not solely dependent on commitment alone. Consistent practice and
embodiment of virtues through actions and habits play a significant role in shaping one's ethical
character.
d. Willpower: Willpower, or the ability to exert self-control and make deliberate choices, is
relevant in ethical decision-making and behavior. However, Aristotle's emphasis on the practice of
the good suggests that virtues are developed through habitual actions rather than sheer
willpower alone.

16. In a village of Sitangkay, Sulu, a 12-year-old girl is forced to marry a person she does not want.
The parents who arranged the marriage of the girl argued that what they are doing is right
because they are the parents who just want the best for their children. What ethical principle do
you think will support the decision of the parents?
Explanation: A
a. Paternalism: Paternalism is an ethical principle that involves the restriction of a person's
autonomy for their own good, as perceived by those in authority. In this case, the parents may
argue that they are acting in the best interest of their child by arranging the marriage, even if it
goes against the girl's wishes. They may believe they know what is best for their child and are
making decisions on her behalf.
b. Authoritarianism: Authoritarianism is a form of governance or leadership where authority is
concentrated in one leader or a small group, with little input or consideration for individual
freedoms. While the parents may exhibit authoritarian behavior by enforcing the marriage
without the girl's consent, this principle does not inherently support their decision.
c. Ethical Relativism: Ethical relativism is the belief that ethical principles are context-dependent
and vary based on cultural norms, beliefs, and values. The parents may justify their decision
based on cultural practices and norms in Sitangkay, Sulu, where arranged marriages may be more
accepted. Ethical relativism suggests that what is considered right or wrong can vary across
different cultures.
d. Moral Prescriptivism: Moral prescriptivism is the view that moral principles are universal and
apply to all individuals regardless of context. In this case, moral prescriptivism would likely argue
against forcing a child into a marriage against her will, as it goes against principles of individual
autonomy, consent, and human rights.

17. The state of eudaimonia or human flourishing implies that human beings achieved the good
life if:
Explanation: C
a. They are successful in life: While success in life can contribute to well-being, eudaimonia or
human flourishing goes beyond mere material success. It encompasses a deeper sense of
fulfillment and thriving in various aspects of life, including moral and emotional well-being.
b. They are happy: Happiness is an important component of the good life, but eudaimonia is
more than just momentary happiness. It involves overall well-being, personal growth, and living
in alignment with one's values and virtues.
c. They live a virtuous life: In the Aristotelian tradition, eudaimonia is closely tied to living a
virtuous life. Virtue ethics emphasizes the development of moral virtues and character traits that
lead to human flourishing. Living virtuously, with qualities such as courage, justice, and wisdom,
is central to achieving eudaimonia.
d. They are doing service to the community: Contributing to the well-being of others and the
community can be a part of eudaimonia, as it reflects a sense of purpose, connection, and
altruism. However, eudaimonia is a broader concept that encompasses personal growth,
fulfillment, and living in alignment with one's values and virtues.

18.According to Kant’s approach to moral philosophy, ethics is based on:

Explanation: D
a. The consequences of one’s action: Kant's approach to moral philosophy, known as
deontological ethics, is not based on the consequences of one's actions but on the inherent
moral worth of actions themselves. Kant emphasizes the importance of duty, moral principles,
and intentions rather than focusing on outcomes or consequences.
b. Sympathy: Sympathy, or feeling compassion or concern for others, is not the central basis of
Kantian ethics. Kant's moral philosophy is grounded in rationality, universal principles, and the
concept of duty rather than emotional responses like sympathy.
c. A social contract: While social contract theory is a significant ethical theory in moral and
political philosophy, it is not the basis of Kant's approach to ethics. Kant's moral philosophy is
centered on individual autonomy, rationality, and the categorical imperative as the foundation of
moral duties.
d. Practical reason: The correct answer is d. practical reason. Kantian ethics is based on the idea
that moral principles are derived from practical reason, which is the ability to rationally
determine right and wrong based on universal moral laws. According to Kant, individuals have a
duty to act in accordance with rational moral principles that can be applied universally.

19. Which of the following is the strength of deontological ethical theory?

Explanation: B
a. They fit with very little of our ordinary moral reasoning: This statement is not a strength of
deontological ethical theory. Deontological ethics, which focuses on duties, rules, and principles,
can align with many aspects of ordinary moral reasoning by emphasizing moral obligations and
universal principles.
b. They focus on the nature of actions and the rules from which they follow: This is a strength of
deontological ethical theory. Deontological ethics places significant emphasis on the nature of
actions themselves, the moral principles that guide them, and the obligations individuals have to
act in accordance with these principles. It prioritizes the inherent rightness or wrongness of
actions based on moral rules.
c. They pay close attention to the consequences of actions: Deontological ethics, in contrast to
consequentialist theories, does not primarily focus on the consequences of actions. Instead, it
emphasizes the moral duty to act in accordance with principles, regardless of the outcomes.
Consequentialist theories, such as utilitarianism, pay closer attention to consequences.
d. All of the above: The correct answer is b. They focus on the nature of actions and the rules
from which they follow. This is a strength of deontological ethical theory because it highlights the
importance of acting in accordance with moral rules and principles, regardless of the
consequences.

20. Which of the following is the strength of teleological ethical theories?

Explanation: A
a. They fit with much of our ordinary moral reasoning: This statement is a strength of
teleological ethical theories. Teleological ethics, also known as consequentialist ethics, often
aligns with ordinary moral reasoning by considering the consequences of actions and evaluating
the rightness or wrongness of actions based on their outcomes.
b. They ignore the consequences of actions: This statement is not accurate for teleological
ethical theories. In contrast to deontological ethics, teleological ethics places significant emphasis
on the consequences of actions and evaluates the morality of actions based on the outcomes
they produce.
c. They focus on the ultimate purpose of our actions: This statement is a strength of teleological
ethical theories. Teleological ethics focuses on the end goals, outcomes, or purposes of actions.
The morality of an action is often determined by whether it leads to desirable consequences or
outcomes.
d. All of these: The correct answer is c. They focus on the ultimate purpose of our actions. This is
a strength of teleological ethical theories because they emphasize the importance of considering
the ultimate goals or outcomes of actions in determining their moral value.