This study applies two theoretical models to reflect area-levels of influence that
can impact the Caribbean population’s health outcomes. The Social Determinant
of Health Model (SDOH) asserts that social circumstances in which people are
born, grow, live, work, and age will 4 International Journal of Sociology and
Anthropology Research Vol.7, No.1 pp.1-21, 2021 Print ISSN: ISSN 2059-1209
Online ISSN: ISSN 2059-121 influence their health outcome (WHO, 2008;
Johnson et al. 2006). The social circumstances of the model indicate that the
economic and political mechanisms that influence individual independence to
control one’s destiny is based on access to income, education, and occupation,
as well as how society perceives elements of gender, and race/ethnicity
identities. Social structures, including key institutions, are driven by those
elements which recognize that having more positive social circumstances
equates to greater access to power and control. On the contrary, individuals with
fewer attributes or undesirable social circumstances are destined to encounter
more challenges and relegated to a lower social strata of society (Williams and
Sternthal, 2010; Hayward and Gorman, 2004; Williams, 2003; Williams and
Collins ,1995). The innovative application of the SDOH in this study is a
comparative assessment of SDOH among Caribbean people, attributed to the
social factors that might be unique to this subpopulation.