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Inheritance MDCAT

The document provides an overview of genetics, focusing on key concepts such as Mendel's laws, terminology, and inheritance patterns. It includes explanations of monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, test crosses, and sex-linked inheritance. Additionally, it offers tips for MDCAT preparation, emphasizing practice and understanding of genetic principles.

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1K views2 pages

Inheritance MDCAT

The document provides an overview of genetics, focusing on key concepts such as Mendel's laws, terminology, and inheritance patterns. It includes explanations of monohybrid and dihybrid crosses, test crosses, and sex-linked inheritance. Additionally, it offers tips for MDCAT preparation, emphasizing practice and understanding of genetic principles.

Uploaded by

mrbillionaire987
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Inheritance - MDCAT Preparation

1. Introduction to Genetics:

- Genetics is the study of heredity and variation.

- Gregor Mendel is the father of genetics.

2. Mendels Laws:

- Law of Segregation: Each organism carries two alleles for each trait which segregate during

gamete formation.

- Law of Independent Assortment: Genes for different traits assort independently during gamete

formation.

3. Terminology:

- Gene: Unit of heredity

- Allele: Different forms of a gene

- Homozygous: Same alleles (AA or aa)

- Heterozygous: Different alleles (Aa)

- Phenotype: Observable traits

- Genotype: Genetic makeup

4. Monohybrid Cross:

Example: Tall (T) x Dwarf (t)

Genotypic Ratio = 1:2:1

Phenotypic Ratio = 3:1

5. Dihybrid Cross:

Example: RrYy x RrYy


Phenotypic Ratio = 9:3:3:1

6. Test Cross:

- Used to determine genotype of dominant phenotype

- Cross with homozygous recessive

7. Sex Determination in Humans:

- Females: XX, Males: XY

- Sex is determined by the sperm

8. Sex-Linked Inheritance:

- Genes present on sex chromosomes (mostly X-linked)

- Example: Hemophilia, Color Blindness

9. Tips for MDCAT:

- Practice Punnett squares

- Understand ratios and patterns of inheritance

- Memorize examples of sex-linked traits

- Go through past MDCAT questions on genetics

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