DEPARTMENT: B. E.

CSE(CYBER SECURITY)

LABORATORY: EMBEDDED SYSTEM AND IOT

Name : Roll No:

Semester: __________ Course:____________ Branch:__________________________

Subject Code & Title: CS3691 EMBEDDED SYSTEM AND IOT LABORATORY

University Register No:.

Certified that this is a bonafide record of work done by the above student in the laboratory
during the year 2024 - 2025.

Signature of the staff in-charge Head of the Department

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

 ABOUT OBSERVATION NOTES & PREPARATION OF RECORD

❖ This Observation contains the basic diagrams of the circuits enlisted in the syllabus of the
CS3691 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS AND IOT course, along with the design of various
components of the circuit and controller.

❖ The aim of the experiment is also given at the beginning of each experiment. Once the
student can design the circuit as per the circuit diagram, he/she is supposed to go through
the instructions carefully and do the experiments step by step.

❖ They should note down the readings (observations) and tabulate them as specified.

❖ It is also expected that the students prepare the theory relevant to the experiment referring
to prescribed reference books/joumals in advance, and carry out the experiment after
understanding thoroughly the concept and procedure of the experiment.

❖ They should get their observations verified and signed by the staff within two days and
prepare & submit the record of the experiment when they come to the laboratory in the
subsequent week.

❖ The record should contain experiment No., Date, Aim, Apparatus required, Theory,
Procedure, and result on one side (i.e., Right-hand side, where rulings are provided) and
Circuit diagram, Design, Model Graphs, Tabulations, and Calculations on the other side
(Le., Left-hand side, where no rulings are provided)

❖ All the diagrams and table lines should be drawn in pencil

❖ The students are directed to discuss & clarify their doubts with the staff members as and
when required. They are also directed to follow strictly the guidelines specified
 CS3691 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS AND IOT

SYLLABUS

COURSE OBJECTIVES;

❖ To learn the internal architecture and programming of an embedded processor.

❖ To introduce interfacing, I/O devices to the processor.
❖ To introduce the evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT).
❖ To build a small low-cost embedded IoT system using Arduino/Raspberry Pi/ open
platform.
❖ To apply the concept of the Internet of Things in real-world scenario.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Write 8051 Assembly Language experiments using simulator.

2. Test data transfer between registers and memory.
3. Perform ALU operations.
4. Write Basic and arithmetic Programs Using Embedded C.
5. Introduction to Arduino platform and programming
6. Explore different communication methods with IoT devices (Zigbee, GSM,
Bluetooth)
7. Introduction to Raspberry PI platform and python programming
8. Interfacing sensors with Raspberry PI
9. Communicate between Arduino and Raspberry PI using any wireless medium
10. Setup a cloud platform to log the data
11. Log Data using Raspberry PI and upload to the cloud platform
12. Design an IOT based system

OUTCOMES:

C01: Explain the architecture of embedded processors.

CO2: Write embedded C programs.
CO3: Design simple embedded applications.
CO4: Compare the communication models in IOT
CO5: Design IoT applications using Arduino/Raspberry Pi /open platform.
 CONTENTS

S.NO DATE LIST OF EXPERIMENTS Page no MARK SIGNATURE

 CONTENTS

S.NO DATE LIST OF EXPERIMENTS Page no MARK SIGNATURE

 EXP NO:1 8051 Assembly Language program using Keil simulator
DATE:

AIM: To write 8051 Assembly Language Program for an 8-bit addition using Keil simulator
and execute it.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
S.No Software Requirements Quantity

1 Keil μvision5 IDE 1

A simulator is software that will execute the program and show the results exactly to
the program running on the hardware, if the programmer finds any errors in the program while
simulating the program in the simulator, he can change the program and re-simulate the code
and get the expected result, before going to the hardware testing. The programmer can
confidently dump the program in the hardware when he simulates his program in the simulator
and gets the expected results.
8051 controller is the most popular 8-bit controller which is used in a large number of
embedded applications and many programmers write programs according to their application.
So testing their programs in the software simulators is a way. These simulators are very useful
for students because they do need not to build the complete hardware for testing their program
and validate their program very easily in an interactive way.
List of 8051 Simulators:
The list of simulators is given below with their features:
1. MCU 8051: MCU 8051 is an 8051 simulator that is very simple to use and has an interactive
IDE (Integrated Development Environment). It is developed by Martin Osmera and most
important of all is that it is completely free. There are many features for this IDE they are
 It supports both C and assembly language for compilation and simulation

 It has an in-built source code editor, graphical notepad, ASCII charts, Assembly symbol
viewer, etc. It also supports several 8051 ICs like at89c51, A89S52, 8051, 8052, etc.
 It will support certain electronic simulations like LED, 7segment display, LCD etc. which
will help in giving the output when you interface these things to the hardware directly.
 It has tools like hex decimal editors, base converters, special calculator, file
converters, inbuilt hardware programmers, etc.
 It has syntax validation, pop base auto-completion etc.

1
You can download this tool from https://sourceforge.net/projects/mcu8051ide/files/.
2. EDSIM 51: This is a virtual 8051 interfaced with virtual peripherals like 7 segment
display, motor, keypad, UART etc. This simulator is exclusively for students developed
by James Rogers, The features of this simulator are
 Have virtual peripherals like ADC, DAC with scope to display, comparator etc.
 Supports only assembly language
 IDE is completely written in JAVA and supports the OS.
 Completely free and with user guide, examples, etc.
You can download this simulator from the https://www.edsim51.com/index.html.

3. 8051 IDE: This simulation software is exclusively for the Windows operating system
(98/xp). The features of this simulator are
 Text editor, assembler, and software simulate in one single program.
 Has facilities like Breakpoint setter, execute to break point, predefined simulator
watch window, etc.
 It is available in both free version and paid version.
You can download this tool from https://www.acebus.com/win8051.htm

4. KEIL µVision: KEIL is the most popular software simulator. It has many features like
interactive IDE and supports both C and assembly languages for compilation and simulation.
You can download and get more information from https://www.keil.com/c51/.

INSTALLATION OF KEIL SOFTWARE

Set up Keil IDE for Programming

Keil µVision IDE is a popular way to program MCUs containing the 8051 architectures. It
supports over 50 microcontrollers and has good debugging tools including logic
analyzers and watch windows.
As an example, we will use the AT89C51ED2 microcontroller, which has:
 64 KB FLASH ROM
 On-chip EEPROM
 256 Bytes RAM
 In-System programming for uploading the program
 3 Timer/counters
 SPI, UART, PWM

To start writing a new program, you need to create a new project. Navigate to project

2
—> New µVision project. Then save the new project in a folder.

After saving the file, a new window will pop up asking you to select your microcontroller.
As discussed, we are using AT89C51/AT89C51ED2/AT89C52, so select this controller
under the Microchip section (as Atmel is now a part of Microchip).

Select ‘Yes’ in the next pop-up, as we do not need this file in our project.

Our project workspace is now ready! From here, we need to create a file where we can write
our C code. Navigate to File —> New. Once the file is created, save it with .c extension in
the same project folder.

3
Next, we have to add that .c or .asm file to our project workspace. Select Add Existing
Files and then select the created .c or .asm file to get it added.

The workspace and project file are ready.

4
PROCEDURE

1. Create a new project, go to “Project” and close the current project “Close Project”.
2. Next Go to the Project New μVision Project and Create New Project Select
Device for Target.
3. Select the device AT89C51ED2 or AT89C51 or AT89C52
4. Add Startup file Next go to “File” and click “New”.
5. Write a program on the editor window and save it with .asm extension.
6. Add this source file to Group and click on “Build Target” or F7.
7. Go to debugging mode to see the result of simulation by clicking Run or step run.

PROGRAM:

ORG 0000H
CLR C
MOV A, #20H
ADD A, #21H
MOV R0, A
END

OUTPUT:

RESULT:

5
 EXP NO: 2 Test data transfer between registers and memory
DATE:

AIM: To write and execute an Assembly language program to transfer data between registers
and memory.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
S.No Software Requirements Quantity

1 Keil μvision5 IDE 1

PROCEDURE

1. Create a new project, go to “Project” and close the current project “Close Project”.
2. Next Go to the Project New μVision Project and Create New Project Select
Device for Target.
3. Select the device AT89C51ED2 or AT89C51 or AT89C52
4. Add Startup file Next go to “File” and click “New”.
5. Write a program on the editor window and save it with .asm extension.
6. Add this source file to Group and click on “Build Target” or F7.
7. Go to debugging mode to see the result of simulation by clicking Run or step run.

PROGRAM:
ORG 0000H
CLR C
MOV R0,
#55H MOV
R1, #6FH
MOV A, R0
MOV 30H, A
MOV A, R1
MOV 31H, A
END

6
OUTPUT:

RESULT:

7
 EXP NO: 3 ALU operations
DATE:

AIM: To write and execute the ALU program using the Keil simulator.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
S.No Software Requirements Quantity

1 Keil μvision5 IDE 1

PROCEDURE

1. Create a new project, go to “Project” and close the current project “Close Project”.
2. Next Go to the Project New μVision Project and Create New Project Select
Device for Target.
3. Select the device AT89C51ED2 or AT89C51 or AT89C52
4. Add Startup file Next go to “File” and click “New”.
5. Write a program on the editor window and save it with .asm extension.
6. Add this source file to Group and click on “Build Target” or F7.
7. Go to debugging mode to see the result of simulation by clicking Run or step run.

PROGRAM:

ORG 0000H
CLR C
//ADDITION
MOV A, #20H
ADD A, #21H
MOV 41H, A

//SUBTRACTION
MOV A, #20H
SUBB A, #18H
MOV 42H, A

//MULTIPLICATION
MOV A, #03H
MOV B, #04H
MUL AB
MOV 43H, A

8
//DIVISION
MOV A, #95H
MOV B, #10H
DIV AB
MOV 44H, A
MOV 45H, B

//AND
MOV A, #25H
MOV B, #12H
ANL A, B
MOV 46H, A

//OR
MOV A, #25H
MOV B, #15H
ORL A, B
MOV 47H, A

//XOR
MOV A, #45H
MOV B, #67H
XRL A, B
MOV 48H, A

//NOT
MOV A, #45H
CPL A
MOV 49H, A
END

OUTPUT:

RESULT:

9
 EXP NO: 4 WRITE BASIC PROGRAMS USING EMBEDDED C
DATE:

AIM: To write a basic embedded C program to control a port 0 pin 0 connected to an 8051
microcontroller using a Keil simulator.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
S.No Software Requirements Quantity

1 Keil μvision5 IDE 1

PROCEDURE

1. Create a new project, go to “Project” and close the current project “Close Project”.
2. Next Go to the Project New μVision Project and Create New Project Select
Device for Target.
3. Select the device AT89C51ED2 or AT89C51 or AT89C52
4. Add Startup file Next go to “File” and click “New”.
5. Write a program on the editor window and save it with .c extension.
6. Add this source file to Group and click on “Build Target” or F7.
7. Go to debugging mode to see the result of simulation by clicking Run or step run.

PROGRAM:
#include<REG51.h>
int i,j;
sbit LED = P2^0;
void main()
{
while(1)
{
LED = 0;
for(j=0;j<10000;j++);
LED = 1;
for(j=0;j<10000;j++);
}
}

10
OUTPUT:

RESULT:

11
 EXP NO: 5 ARITHMETIC PROGRAMS USING EMBEDDED C
DATE:

AIM: To write an embedded C program for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division
using the Keil simulator.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
S.No Software Requirements Quantity

1 Keil μvision5 IDE 1

PROCEDURE

1. Create a new project, go to “Project” and close the current project “Close Project”.
2. Next Go to the Project New μVision Project and Create New Project Select
Device for Target.
3. Select the device AT89C51ED2 or AT89C51 or AT89C52
4. Add Startup file Next go to “File” and click “New”.
5. Write a program on the editor window and save it with .c extension.
6. Add this source file to Group and click on “Build Target” or F7.
7. Go to debugging mode to see the result of simulation by clicking Run or step run.

PROGRAM:
#include<REG51.H>
unsigned char a, b;
void main()
{
a=0x10;
b=0x04;
P0=a-b;
P1=a+b;
P2=a*b;
P3=a/b;
while(1);
}

12
OUTPUT:

RESULT:

13
 EXP NO: 6 INTRODUCTION TO THE ARDUINO PLATFORM
DATE:

AIM: To study the basics of Arduino Uno board and Arduino IDE 2.0 software.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
S.No Software Requirements Quantity

1 Arduino IDE 2.0 1

2 Arduino Uno Board 1

Arduino is a open-source hardware, and software platform used to for creating electronic
projects. It designs and manufactures microcontroller kits and single-board interfaces for
building electronics projects. The various components present on the Arduino boards are a
Microcontroller, Digital Input/output pins, USB Interface and Connector, Analog Pins, reset
buttons, Power buttons, LEDs, Crystal oscillators, and Voltage regulators. The most
standard and popular board used over time is Arduino UNO having an ATmega328
Microcontroller. The Arduino Boards are organized using the Arduino Integrated
Development Environment (IDE), which can run on various platforms.

TYPES OF ARDUINO BOARDS

1) Arduino UNO
Arduino UNO is based on an ATmega328P microcontroller. It is easy to use compared to
other boards, such as the Arduino Mega board, etc. The Arduino UNO includes 6 analog pin
inputs, 14 digital pins, a USB connector, a power jack, and an ICSP (In-Circuit Serial
Programming) header. It is the most used and of standard form from the list of all available
Arduino Boards.

2) Arduino Nano
The Arduino Nano is a small Arduino board based on ATmega328P. It is small in size compared
to the UNO board
3) Arduino Mega
The Arduino Mega is based on the 8 b i t ATmega2560 Microcontroller. The Arduino Mega
includes 54 I/O digital pins and 16 Analog Input/Output (I/O), ICSP header, a reset button, 4
UART (Universal Asynchronous Reciever/Transmitter) ports, USB connection, and a power
jack

14
4) Arduino Micro
The Arduino Micro is based on the ATmega32U4 Microcontroller. It consists of 20 sets of pins.
5) Arduino Leonardo
specification of the Arduino Leonardo is the same as the Arduino Micro
6) Arduino Due
The Arduino Due is the first Arduino board based on the 32-bit ARM core. It consists of
54 Digital Input/Output pins and 12 Analog pins.
7) Arduino Lilypad
The Arduino LilyPad was initially created for wearable projects and e-textiles. It is based
on the ATmega168 Microcontroller.
8) Arduino Bluetooth
The Arduino Bluetooth board is based on ATmega168 Microcontroller. It is also named as
Arduino BT board. This can be programmed over the Bluetooth as a wireless connection.
9) Arduino Diecimila
The Arduino Diecimila is also based on the ATmeg628 Microcontroller. The Diecimila was
initially developed to mark the 10000 delivered boards of Arduino.
10) Arduino Zero
The Arduino Zero is generally called as the 32-bit extension of the Arduino UNO.
11) Arduino Esplora
The Arduino Esplora boards allow easy interfacing of sensors and actuators.

14) Arduino Pro Micro

The structure of Arduino Pro Micro is similar to the Arduino Mini board, except the
Microcontroller ATmega32U4. The board consists of 12 digital Input/output pins, 5 PWM
(Pulse Width Modulation) pins, Tx and Rx serial connections, and 10-bit ADC (Analog to
Digital Converter).

15
INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO UNO:

The Arduino UNO is a standard board of Arduino. Here UNO means 'one' in Italian. It was
named UNO to label the first release of Arduino Software. It was also the first USB
board released by Arduino. It is considered a powerful board used in various projects.
Arduino. cc developed the Arduino UNO board. Arduino UNO automatically draws power
from the external power supply or from USB. It also has an Arduino-integrated WIFI module. It is
programmed based on IDE, which stands for Integrated Development Environment. It can
run on both online and offline platforms. The IDE is common to all available boards of
Arduino.
The components of Arduino UNO board are shown below:
o ATmega328 Microcontroller- It is a single-chip Microcontroller of the ATmel
family. The processor code inside it is of 8-bit. It combines Memory (SRAM,
EEPROM, and Flash), Analog to Digital Converter, SPI serial ports, I/O lines,
registers, timers, external and internal interrupts, and oscillator.
o ICSP pin - The In-Circuit Serial Programming pin allows the user to program using
the firmware of the Arduino board.

o Power LED Indicator- The ON status of the LED shows the power is activated.
When the power is OFF, the LED will not light up.
o Digital I/O pins- The digital pins have the value HIGH or LOW. The pins numbered
from D0 to D13 are digital pins.
o TX and RX LED's- The successful flow of data is represented by the lighting of these
LED's.
o AREF- The Analog Reference (AREF) pin is used to feed a reference voltage to
the Arduino UNO board from the external power supply.
o Reset button- It is used to add a Reset button to the connection.

16
 o USB- It allows the board to connect to the computer. It is essential for
the programming of the Arduino UNO board.
o Crystal Oscillator- The Crystal oscillator has a frequency of 16MHz, which makes
the Arduino UNO a powerful board.
o Voltage Regulator- The voltage regulator converts the input voltage to 5V.
o GND- Ground pins. The ground pin acts as a pin with zero voltage.
o Vin- It is the input voltage.
o Analog Pins- The pins numbered from A0 to A5 are analog pins. The function of
Analog pins is to read the analog sensor used in the connection. It can also act as
GPIO (General Purpose Input Output) pin.
ICSP: It stands for In-Circuit Serial Programming. The users can program the Arduino
board's firmware using the ICSP pins. The program or firmware with the
advanced functionalities is received by microcontroller with the help of the ICSP header. The
ICSP header consists of 6 pins.
The structure of the ICSP header is shown below:

SDA: It stands for Serial Data. It is a line used by the slave and master to send and receive
data. It is called as a data line, while SCL is called as a clock line.
SCL: It stands for Serial Clock. It is defined as the line that carries the clock data. It is
used to synchronize the transfer of data between the two devices. The Serial Clock is
generated by the device and it is called as master.
SPI: It stands for Serial Peripheral Interface. It is popularly used by the microcontrollers
to communicate with one or more peripheral devices quickly. It uses conductors for
data receiving, data sending, synchronization, and device selection (for communication).
MOSI: It stands for Master Output/ Slave Input. The MOSI and SCK are driven by the
Master.
SS: It stands for Slave Select. It is the Slave Select line, which is used by the master. It acts

17
as the enable line. I2C: It is the two-wire serial communication protocol. It stands for Inter

Integrated Circuits. The I2C is a serial communication protocol that uses SCL (Serial Clock)
and SDA (Serial Data) to receive and send data between two devices.

INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO IDE 2.0:

The Arduino IDE 2.0 is an open-source project, currently in its beta-phase. It is a big step
from it's sturdy predecessor, Arduino IDE 2.0, and comes with revamped UI, improved
board & library manger, autocomplete feature and much more. step by step, procedure to
download and install the software is given below
Download the editor
Downloading the Arduino IDE 2.0 is done through the Arduino Software page. Download
URL: https://www.arduino.cc/en/software

Requirements
 Windows - Win 10 and newer, 64 bits
 Linux - 64 bits
 Mac OS X - Version 10.14: "Mojave" or newer, 64 bits

Installation Windows version: To install the Arduino IDE 2.0 on a Windows computer,
simply run the file downloaded from the software page. Follow the instructions in the
installation guide. The installation may take several minutes. You can now use the Arduino
IDE 2.0 on your windows computer!
How to use the board manager with the Arduino IDE 2.0
The board manager is a great tool for installing the necessary cores to use your Arduino
boards. In this quick tutorial, we will take a look at how to install one, and choosing the

18
right core for your board!
Requirements
 Arduino IDE 2.0 installed.
Why use the board manager?
The board manager is a tool that is used to install different cores on your local computer.
A core is written and designed for specific microcontrollers. As Arduino have several
different types of boards, they also have different type of microcontrollers.
For example, an Arduino UNO has an ATmega328P, which uses the AVR core, while an
Arduino Nano 33 IoT has a SAMD21 microcontroller, where we need to use the SAMD
core. In conclusion, to use a specific board, we need to install a specific core.
Installing a core
1. Open the Arduino IDE 2.0.
2. With the editor open, let's take a look at the left column. Here, we can see a couple of
icons. Let's click the on the "computer chip" icon
3. A list will now appear of all available cores. Now let's say we are using an Nano
33 IoT board, and we want to install the core. Simply enter the name in the search field, and
the right core (SAMD) will appear, where the Nano 33 IoT features in the description. Click
on the "INSTALL" button
4. This will begin an installation process, which in some cases may take several minutes.

5. When it is finished, we can take a look at the core in the boards manager column,
where it should say "INSTALLED".

19
You have now successfully downloaded and installed a core on your machine, and you
can start using your Arduino board!
How to upload a sketch with the Arduino IDE 2.0
In the Arduino environment, we write sketches that can be uploaded to Arduino boards.
In this tutorial, we will go through how to select a board connected to your computer, and
how to upload a sketch to that board, using the Arduino IDE 2.0.
Requirements
 Arduino IDE 2.0 installed.
Verify VS Upload
There are two main tools when uploading a sketch to a board: verify and upload. The
verify tool simply goes through your sketch, checks for errors and compiles it. The upload
tool does the same, but when it finishes compiling the code, it also uploads it to the board.
A good practice is to use the verifying tool before attempting to upload anything. This
is a quick way of spotting any errors in your code, so you can fix them before actually
uploading the code.
Uploading a sketch
1. Open the Arduino IDE 2.0.

With the editor open, let's take a look at the navigation bar at the top. At the very left,
there is a checkmark and an arrow pointing right. The checkmark is used to verify,
and the arrow is used to upload.

2. Click on the verify tool (checkmark). Since we are verifying an empty sketch, we can
be sure it is going to compile. After a few seconds, we can see the result of the action
in the console (black box in the bottom).

20
 3. Now we know that our code is compiled, and that it is working. Now, before we
can upload the code to our board, we will first need to select the board that we are
using. We can do this by navigating to Tools > Port > {Board}. The board(s) that
are connected to your computer should appear here, and we need to select it
by clicking it. In this case, our board is displayed as COM44 (Arduino UNO).
4. With the board selected, we are good to go! Click on the upload button, and it
will start uploading the sketch to the board.
5. When it is finished, it will notify you in the console log. Of course, sometimes there
are some complications when uploading, and these errors will be listed here as well

How to install and use a library with the Arduino IDE 2.0

Why use libraries?

Libraries are incredibly useful when creating a project of any type. They make our
development experience much smoother, and there almost an infinite amount out there. They
are used to interface with many different sensors, RTCs, Wi-Fi modules, RGB matrices
and of course with other components on your board.
Arduino has many official libraries, but the real heroes are the Arduino community, who
develop, maintain and improve their libraries on a regular basis.
Installing a library
Installing a library is quick and easy, but let's take a look at what we need to do.
1. Open the Arduino IDE 2.0.
2. With the editor open, let's take a look at the left column. Here, we can see a couple
of icons. Let's click the on the "library" icon.
3. A list will now appear of all available libraries, where we can also search for the
library we want to use. In this example, we are going to install the RTCZero
library. Click on the "INSTALL" button to install the library.

21
 4. When it is finished, we can take a look at the library in the library manager column,
where it should say "INSTALLED".
Including a library
To use a library, you first need to include the library at the top of the sketch. Almost all libraries
come with already made examples that you can use. These are accessible through File >
Examples > {Library} > {Example}. In this example, we are choosing the RTCZero
> SimpleRTC. The chosen example will now open up in a new window, and you can start
using it however you want to.

RESULT:

22
 EXP NO: 7 INTRODUCTION TO ARDUINO PROGRAMMING
DATE:

AIM: To write and execute different Arduino programming for analog, digital signals
and serial communication.
.
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIRED:
S.No Software Requirements Quantity

1 Arduino IDE 2.0 1

2 Arduino UNO Development Board 1
3 Jumper Wires Few
4 Arduino USB Cable 1
5 Joystick Module 1

PROCEDURE:
 Assemble the components on the breadboard as per the circuit design.
 Ensure proper connections with the Arduino board (e.g., power, ground, and
input/output pins).
 Write the Arduino code (sketch) for the experiment.
 Connect the Arduino board to the computer via USB.
 Open the Arduino IDE (or equivalent platform).
 Verify the code for errors using the Verify/Compile button.
 Upload the code to the Arduino board using the Upload button.
 Power the Arduino and observe the circuit in action.
 Monitor outputs (e.g., LEDs blinking, serial monitor readings) as specified in the
experiment.
 Check connections, components, and code for errors if the circuit does not perform as
expected. Use tools like the serial monitor for debugging.
 Document the experiment's outcome, including readings, observations, or behavior.

CONNECTION
Arduino UNO pin Arduino development board
2 LED

23
PROGRAM:

DIGITAL WRITE:
void setup() {
pinMode(2, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
delay(1000);
}
CONNECTION OUTPUT
Arduino UNO pin Arduino
development board
2 LED
5 SW1

DIGITAL READ:
void setup() {
pinMode(2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(5, INPUT_PULLUP);
}
void loop() {
int sw=digitalRead(5);
if(sw==1)
{
for(int i=0; i<5; i++)
{
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
delay(1000);
}
}
else {
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
}
}

24
CONNECTION
Arduino UNO pin Arduino development board Joy stick module
2 LED
VCC or 5V +5V
GND GND
A0 VRx or VRy
OUTPUT

ANALOG READ:
void setup() {
pinMode(2, OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
int joystick=analogRead(A0);
Serial.println(joystick);
if(joystick>800)
digitalWrite(2, HIGH);
else
digitalWrite(2, LOW);
delay(500);
}

CONNECTION
Arduino UNO pin Arduino development board
3 LED
PWM Pins: 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11

ANALOG WRITE:
void setup() {
pinMode(3, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
for(int i=0; i<256;i++)

25
 {
analogWrite(3,i);
delay(20);
}
for(int i=255; i>=0;i--)
{
analogWrite(3,i);
delay(20);
}
}
CONNECTION
Arduino UNO pin Arduino development board
4 LED

SERIAL COMMUNICATION:
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(4, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
if(Serial.available()>0) {
char data=Serial.read();
Serial.println(data);
if(data=='1')
{
digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
}
else if(data=='2'){
digitalWrite(4,LOW);
}
}
}
OUTPUT

RESULT:

26
 EXP NO: 8 Different communication methods with IoT
devices (Bluetooth)
DATE:

AIM: To write a program to control an LED using a Bluetooth module.

HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIRED:

S.No Software Requirements Quantity

1 Arduino IDE 2.0 1

2 Arduino UNO Development Board 1
3 Jumper Wires Few
4 Arduino USB Cable 1
5 HC-05 Bluetooth Module 1

DIFFERENT COMMUNICATION METHODS:

IoT devices require reliable and efficient communication methods to transmit data and interact
with other devices or systems. Here are three commonly used communication methods for IoT
devices:

GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications):

GSM is a widely used cellular network technology that enables IoT devices to connect
to the internet using SIM cards. It operates on various frequency bands and
provides wide coverage, making it suitable for applications that require long-range
communication. GSM is commonly used in applications such as asset tracking, remote
monitoring, and smart cities.

Bluetooth:
Bluetooth is a short-range wireless communication technology that operates on the 2.4
GHz frequency band. It is commonly used for connecting IoT devices to smartphones, tablets,
and other nearby devices. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is a power-efficient version of
Bluetooth that is ideal for battery-powered IoT devices. Bluetooth is widely used in applications
such as wearable devices, healthcare monitoring, and home automation.

Each communication method has its advantages and limitations, and the choice
depends on the specific requirements of the IoT application. Factors to consider include
range, power consumption, data rate, security, and interoperability with other devices or
systems.

27
PROCEDURE
 Assemble the components on the breadboard as per the circuit design.
 Ensure proper connections with the Arduino board (e.g., power, ground, and
input/output pins).
 Write the Arduino code (sketch) for the experiment.
 Connect the Arduino board to the computer via USB.
 Open the Arduino IDE (or equivalent platform).
 Verify the code for errors using the Verify/Compile button.
 Upload the code to the Arduino board using the Upload button.
 Power the Arduino and observe the circuit in action.
 Monitor outputs (e.g., LEDs blinking, serial monitor readings) as specified in the
experiment.
 Check connections, components, and code for errors if the circuit does not perform as
expected. Use tools like the serial monitor for debugging.
 Document the experiment's outcome, including readings, observations, or behavior.

CONNECTIONS

Arduino UNO pin Arduino development board Bluetooth module

VCC +5V
GND LED GND
2 Tx
3 Rx
4

PROGRAM:

#include<SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial mySerial(2,3); //rx,tx

void setup() {
mySerial.begin(9600);
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(4, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
if(mySerial.available()>0)

28
 {
char data=mySerial.read();
Serial.println(data);
if(data=='1'){
digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
Serial.println("LED ON");
}
else if(data=='2'){
digitalWrite(4,LOW);
Serial.println("LED OFF");
}
}
}
OUTPUT
OUTPUT OU

RESULT:

29
 EXP NO: 9 Different communication methods with IoT
devices (Zigbee)
DATE:

AIM: To write a program to control an LED using a Zigbee module.

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No Software Requirements Quantity

1 Arduino IDE 2.0 1

2 Arduino UNO Development Board 2
3 Jumper Wires Few
4 Arduino USB Cable 2
5 Zigbee Module 2

Zigbee:
Zigbee is a low-power wireless communication protocol designed for
short-range communication between devices. It operates on the 2.4 GHz frequency band
and supports mesh networking, allowing devices to communicate with each other through
intermediate nodes. Zigbee is commonly used in home automation, industrial control, and
smart energy applications.
PROCEDURE
 Assemble the components on the breadboard as per the circuit design.
 Ensure proper connections with the Arduino board (e.g., power, ground, and
input/output pins).
 Write the Arduino code (sketch) for the experiment.
 Connect the Arduino board to the computer via USB.
 Open the Arduino IDE (or equivalent platform).
 Verify the code for errors using the Verify/Compile button.
 Upload the code to the Arduino board using the Upload button.
 Power the Arduino and observe the circuit in action.
 Monitor outputs (e.g., LEDs blinking, serial monitor readings) as specified in the
experiment.
 Check connections, components, and code for errors if the circuit does not perform as
expected. Use tools like the serial monitor for debugging.
 Document the experiment's outcome, including readings, observations, or behavior.

30
CONNECTIONS:

TRANSMITTER:

Arduino UNO pin Zigbee module

VCC +5V
GND GND
2 Tx
3 Rx

RECEIVER:

Arduino UNO pin Zigbee module Arduino development board

- +5V 5
2 GND GND
3 Tx -
4 Rx LED

PROGRAM:
TRANSMITTER SIDE:

#include<SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial mySerial(2,3); //rx,tx
void setup() {
mySerial.begin(9600);
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
mySerial.write('A');
Serial.println('A'); delay(100);
mySerial.write('B');
Serial.println('B'); delay(100);
}

RECEIVER SIDE:
#include<SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial mySerial(2,3); //rx,tx
void setup() {
mySerial.begin(9600);
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(4, OUTPUT);
}

31
void loop() {
if(mySerial.available()>0) {
char data=mySerial.read();
Serial.println(data);
if(data=='A')
digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
else if(data=='B')
digitalWrite(4,LOW);
}
}

OUTPUT

RESULT:

32
 EXP NO: 10 INTRODUCTION TO THE RASPBERRY PI
PLATFORM & INTRODUCTION TO PYTHON
DATE:
PROGRAMMING

AIM: To write a program to control an LED using a Raspberry Pi

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No Software Requirements Quantity

1 Thonny IDE 1
2 Raspberry Pi Pico Development Board 1
3 Jumper Wires Few
4 LED 1

Introduction to Raspberry Pi Pico W:

The Raspberry Pi Pico W is a compact and affordable microcontroller board developed

by the Raspberry Pi Foundation. Building upon the success of the Raspberry Pi Pico, the
Pico W variant brings wireless connectivity to the table, making it an even more versatile
platform for embedded projects. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive overview
of the Raspberry Pi Pico W, highlighting its key features and capabilities.
Features:
 RP2040 microcontroller with 2MB of flash memory
 On-board single-band 2.4GHz wireless interfaces (802.11n)
 Micro USB B port for power and data (and for reprogramming the flash)
 40 pins 21mmx51mm ‘DIP’ style 1mm thick PCB with 0.1″ through-hole pins also
with edge castellations
 Exposes 26 multi-function 3.3V general purpose I/O (GPIO)
 23 GPIO are digital-only, with three also being ADC-capable
 Can be surface mounted as a module
 3-pin ARM serial wire debug (SWD) port
 Simple yet highly flexible power supply architecture
 Various options for easily powering the unit from micro-USB, external supplies, or
batteries
 High quality, low cost, high availability
 Comprehensive SDK, software examples, and documentation
 Dual-core Cortex M0+ at up to 133MHz

33
  On-chip PLL allows variable core frequency
 264kByte multi-bank high-performance SRAM

MicroPython is a Python 3 programming language re-implementation targeted for

microcontrollers and embedded systems. MicroPython is very similar to regular Python.
Apart from a few exceptions, the language features of Python are also available in
MicroPython. The most significant difference between Python and MicroPython is that
MicroPython was designed to work under constrained conditions.
Because of that, MicroPython does not come with the entire pack of standard libraries.
It only includes a small subset of the Python standard libraries, but it includes modules to
easily control and interact with the GPIOs, use Wi-Fi, and other communication protocols.

Thonny IDE:
Thonny is an open-source IDE which is used to write and upload MicroPython programs to
different development boards such as Raspberry Pi Pico, ESP32, and ESP8266. It is
extremely interactive and easy to learn IDE as much as it is known as the beginner-friendly
IDE for new programmers. With the help of Thonny, it becomes very easy to code in
Micropython as it has a built-in debugger that helps to find any error in the program by
debugging the script line by line.

You can realize the popularity of Thonny IDE from this that it comes pre-installed in
Raspian OS which is an operating system for a Raspberry Pi. It is available to install on r
Windows, Linux, and Mac OS.

A) Installing Thonny IDE – Windows PC

Thonny IDE comes installed by default on Raspbian OS that is used with the Raspberry
Pi board. To install Thonny on your Windows PC, follow the next instructions:
1. Go to https://thonny.org
2. Download the version for Windows and wait a few seconds while it downloads.
3. Run the .exe file

34
4. Follow the installation wizard to complete the installation process. You just need to click
“Next”.
5. After completing the installation, open Thonny IDE. A window as shown in the following
figure should open.

CONNECTIONS:

Raspberry Pi Pico pins Raspberry Pi PICO development board

GP16 LED

35
PROGRAM

LED:
from machine import Pin
import time
LED = Pin(16, Pin.OUT)
while True:
LED.value(1)
time.sleep(1)
LED.value(0)
time.sleep(1)

OUTPUT

CONNECTIONS:

Raspberry Pi Pico pins Raspberry Pi PICO development board

GP16 R
GP17 G
GP18 B
GND COM

RGB:
from machine import Pin
from time import sleep_ms,sleep
r=Pin(16,Pin.OUT)
y=Pin(17,Pin.OUT)
g=Pin(18,Pin.OUT)
while True:
r.value(1)
sleep_ms(1000)
r.value(0)
sleep_ms(1000)
y.value(1)
sleep(1)
y.value(0)
sleep(1)
g.value(1)
sleep(1)
g.value(0)

36
 sleep(1)

OUTPUT

CONNECTIONS:

Raspberry Pi Pico pins Raspberry Pi PICO development board

GP16 LED
GP15 SW1

SWITCH CONTROLLED LED:

from machine import Pin
from time import sleep
led=Pin(16,Pin.OUT)
sw=Pin(15,Pin.IN)
while True:
bt=sw.value()
if bt== True:
print("LED ON")
led.value(1) sleep(2)
led.value (0) sleep(2)
led.value (1) sleep(2)
led.value(0) sleep(2)
else:
print("LED OFF")
sleep(0.5)

OUTPUT

RESULT:

37
EXP NO: 11 INTERFACING SENSORS WITH RASPBERRY PI
DATE:

AIM: To interface the IR sensor and Ultrasonic sensor with Raspberry Pico.

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No Software Requirements Quantity

1 Thonny IDE 1
2 Raspberry Pi Pico Development Board 1
3 Jumper Wires Few
4 IR Sensor 1
5 Ultrasonic sensor 1

PROCEDURE:

 Flash the Raspberry Pi OS onto a microSD card using tools like Raspberry Pi Imager
Insert the microSD card into the Raspberry Pi.
 Attach a monitor, keyboard, mouse, and n/w (Wi-Fi or Ethernet) to the Raspberry Pi.
 Connect the power supply to the Raspberry Pi and boot it up.
 Complete the initial setup wizard (set up locale, Wi-Fi, password, etc.).
 Update the system software using: sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
 Assemble external components (e.g., sensors, actuators) on a breadboard. Use GPIO
pins to connect the Raspberry Pi to the circuit as specified.
 Write the code for the project using Python
 Execute the program on the Raspberry Pi terminal or an IDE (e.g., Thonny).
 Power the Raspberry Pi and observe the system in action
 Monitor outputs (e.g., LEDs, sensors, or data on the screen) for expected behavior.
 Verify all connections, components, and code logic if the project fails to work.
 Analyze the results against the project’s objective.

CONNECTIONS
Raspberry Pi Pico pins Raspberry Pi PICO IR Sensor module
development board
GP16 BUZZER -
GP15 - OUT
- 5V VCC
- GND GND

38
PROGRAM:

IR Sensor:
from machine import Pin
from time import sleep
buzzer=Pin(16,Pin.OUT)
ir=Pin(15,Pin.IN)
while True:
ir_value=ir.value()
if ir_value== True:
print("Buzzer OFF")
buzzer.value(0)
else:
print("Buzzer ON")
buzzer.value (1)
sleep(0.5)

CONNECTIONS

Raspberry Pi Pico pins Raspberry Pi PICO Ultrasound Sensor module

development board
GP16 BUZZER -
GP15 - ECHO
GP14 - TRIG
- 5V VCC
- GND GND
OUTPUT

ULTRASONIC SENSOR:
from machine import Pin, PWM
import utime
trigger = Pin(14, Pin.OUT)
echo = Pin(15, Pin.IN)
buzzer = Pin(16, Pin.OUT)

def measure_distance():
trigger.low()
utime.sleep_us(2)
39
 trigger.high()
utime.sleep_us(5)
trigger.low()
while echo.value() == 0:
signaloff = utime.ticks_us()
while echo.value() == 1:
signalon = utime.ticks_us()
timepassed = signalon - signaloff
distance = (timepassed * 0.0343) / 2
return distance

while True:
dist = measure_distance()
print(f"Distance : {dist} cm")
if dist <= 10:
buzzer.value(1)
utime.sleep(0.01)
else:
buzzer.value(0)
utime.sleep(0.01)
utime.sleep(0.5)

OUTPUT

RESULT:

40
 EXP NO: 12 COMMUNICATE BETWEEN ARDUINO AND
RASPBERRY PI
DATE:

AIM: To write and execute the program to Communicate between Arduino and
Raspberry PI using any wireless medium (Bluetooth)

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED:

S.No Software Requirements Quantity

1 Thonny IDE 1
2 Raspberry Pi Pico Development Board 1
3 Jumper Wires Few
4 Arduino Uno Development Board 1
5 Micro USB Cable 1
6 Bluetooth module 2

PROCEDURE

CONNECTIONS
Arduino UNO pins Arduino development board Bluetooth module
2 - Tx
3 GND Rx
- 5V GND
- 5V

PROGRAM:

MASTER ARDUINO:
#include<SoftwareSerial.h>
SoftwareSerial mySerial(2,3); //rx,tx
void setup() {
mySerial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
mySerial.write('A');
delay(1000);
mySerial.write('B');
delay(1000);
}

41
 Raspberry Pi Pico pins Raspberry Pi PICO Bluetooth module
development board
GP16 LED -
VCC - 5V
GND - GND
GP1 - Tx
GP0 - Rx

SLAVE
RASPBERRY PI PICO
from machine import Pin, UART
uart = UART(0, 9600)
led = Pin(16, Pin.OUT)

while True:
if uart.any() > 0:
data = uart.read()
print(data)
if "A" in data: led.value(1)
print('LED on \n')
uart.write('LED on \n')
elif "B" in data:
led.value(0)
print('LED off \n')
uart.write('LED off \n')

OUTPUT

RESULT

42
 EXP NO: 13 CLOUD PLATFORM TO LOG THE DATA
DATE:

AIM: To set up a cloud platform to log the data from IoT devices.

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED

S.No Software Requirements Quantity
1 Blynk Platform 1

CLOUD PLATFORM-BLYNK:

Blynk is a smart platform that allows users to create their Internet of Things applications without
the need for coding or electronics knowledge. It is based on the idea of physical programming
& provides a platform to create and control devices where users can connect physical devices
to the Internet and control them using a mobile app.

Setting up Blynk 2.0 Application

To control the LED using Blynk and Raspberry Pi Pico W, you need to create a Blynk project
and set up a dashboard in the mobile or web application. Here’s how you can set up the
dashboard:

Step 1: Visit blynk.cloud and create a Blynk account on the Blynk website. Or you can simply
sign in using the registered Email ID.

Step 2: Click on +New Template.

Step 3: Give any name to the Template such as Raspberry Pi Pico W. Select ‘Hardware
Type’ as Other and ‘Connection Type’ as WiFi. So a template will be created now.

43
Step 4: Now we need to add a ‘New Device’ now. Select a New Device from ‘Template’.

Select the device from a template that you created earlier and also give any name to the
device. Click on Create.

44
Step 5: Now go to the dashboard and select ‘Web Dashboard’.

From the widget box drag a switch and place it on the dashboard screen.

Step 6:

On the switch board click on Settings and here you need to set up the Switch. Give any title
to it and Create Datastream as Virtual Pin.

45
Configure the switch settings as per the image below and click on create.

With this Blynk dashboard set up, you can now proceed to program the Raspberry Pi Pico W
board to control the LED.
To control the LED with a mobile App or Mobile Dashboard, you also need to setup the
Mobile Phone Dashboard. The process is similarly explained above

Install the Blynk app on your smartphone The Blynk app is available for iOS and Android.
Download
and install the app on your smartphone. then need to set up both the Mobile App and the
Mobile Dashboard in order to control the LED with a mobile device. The process is explained
above.
1. Open Google Play Store App on an android phone
2. Open Blynk.App
3. Log In to your account (using the same email and password)

4. Switch to Developer Mode

5. Find the “Raspberry Pi Pico Pico W” template we created on the web and tap on it
6. Tap on the “Raspberry Pi Pico Pico W” template (this template automatically comes
because we created it on our dashboard).
7. tap on plus icon on the left-right side of the window
8. Add one button Switch
9. Now We Successfully Created an android template
10. it will work similarly to a web dashboard template

RESULT:

46
 EXP NO: 14 Log Data using Raspberry PI and upload it to the cloud
platform
DATE:

AIM: To write and execute the program Log Data using Raspberry PI and upload it to the
cloud platform

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED

S.No Software Requirements Quantity
1 Thonny IDE 1
2 Raspberry Pi Pico Development 1
Board
3 Jumper Wires few
4 Micro USB Cable 1

PROCEDURE

Raspberry Pi Pico pins Raspberry Pi PICO LCD module

development board
- 5V VCC
- GND GND
GP0 - SDA
GP1 - SCL

PROGRAM:
from machine import Pin, I2C, ADC
from utime import sleep_ms
from pico_i2c_lcd import I2cLcd
import time
import network
import BlynkLib

adc = machine.ADC(4)
i2c=I2C(0, sda=Pin(0), scl=Pin(1), freq=400000)
I2C_ADDR=i2c.scan()[0]
lcd=I2cLcd(i2c,I2C_ADDR,2,16)

wlan = network.WLAN()
wlan.active(True)
wlan.connect("Wifi_Username","Wifi_Password")

BLYNK_AUTH = 'Your_Token'

47
# connect the network
wait = 10
while wait > 0:
if wlan.status() < 0 or wlan.status() >= 3:
break
wait -= 1
print('waiting for connection...')
time.sleep(1)

# Handle connection error

if wlan.status() != 3:
raise RuntimeError('network connection failed')
else:
print('connected')
ip=wlan.ifconfig()[0]
print('IP: ', ip)

"Connection to Blynk" # Initialize Blynk

blynk = BlynkLib.Blynk(BLYNK_AUTH)

lcd.clear()
while True:
ADC_voltage = adc.read_u16() * (3.3 / (65536))
temperature_celcius = 27 - (ADC_voltage - 0.706)/0.001721
temp_fahrenheit=32+(1.8*temperature_celcius)
print("Temperature in C: {}".format(temperature_celcius))
print("Temperature in F: {}".format(temp_fahrenheit))
lcd.move_to(0,0)
lcd.putstr("Temp:")
lcd.putstr(str(round(temperature_celcius,2)))
lcd.putstr("C ")
lcd.move_to(0,1)
lcd.putstr("Temp:")
lcd.putstr(str(round(temp_fahrenheit,2)))
lcd.putstr("F")
time.sleep(5)
blynk.virtual_write(3, temperature_celcius)
blynk.virtual_write(4, temp_fahrenheit)
blynk.log_event(temperature_celcius)
blynk.run()
time.sleep(5)

48
 OUTPUT

RESULT:

49
 EXP NO: 15 Design an IOT-based system
DATE:

AIM: To design a Smart Home Automation IOT-based system

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE TOOLS REQUIRED

S.No Software Requirements Quantity
1 Thonny IDE 1
2 Raspberry Pi Pico Development 1
Board
3 Jumper Wires few
4 Micro USB Cable 1
5 LED or relay 1

PROCEDURE
 Flash the Raspberry Pi OS onto a microSD card using tools like Raspberry Pi Imager
Insert the microSD card into the Raspberry Pi.
 Attach a monitor, keyboard, mouse, and n/w (Wi-Fi or Ethernet) to the Raspberry Pi.
 Connect the power supply to the Raspberry Pi and boot it up.
 Complete the initial setup wizard (set up locale, Wi-Fi, password, etc.).
 Update the system software using: sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
 Assemble external components (e.g., sensors, actuators) on a breadboard. Use GPIO
pins to connect the Raspberry Pi to the circuit as specified.
 Write the code for the project using Python
 Execute the program on the Raspberry Pi terminal or an IDE (e.g., Thonny).
 Power the Raspberry Pi and observe the system in action
 Monitor outputs (e.g., LEDs, sensors, or data on the screen) for expected behavior.
 Verify all connections, components, and code logic if the project fails to work.
 Analyze the results against the project’s objective.

50
CONNECTIONS

Raspberry Pi Pico pins Raspberry Pi PICO development board

GP16 LED1

PROGRAM:

import time
import network
import BlynkLib
from machine import Pin
led=Pin(16, Pin.OUT)
wlan = network.WLAN()
wlan.active(True)
wlan.connect("Wifi_Username","Wifi_Password")
BLYNK_AUTH = 'Your_Token'
# connect the network
wait = 10
while wait > 0:
if wlan.status() < 0 or wlan.status() >= 3:
break
wait -= 1
print('waiting for connection...')
time.sleep(1)

51
# Handle connection error
if wlan.status() != 3:
raise RuntimeError('network connection failed')
else:
print('connected')
ip=wlan.ifconfig()[0]
print('IP: ', ip)
#"Connection to Blynk"
#Initialize Blynk
blynk = BlynkLib.Blynk(BLYNK_AUTH)
# Register virtual pin handler
@blynk.on("V0") #virtual pin V0
def v0_write_handler(value): #read the value
if int(value[0]) == 1:
led.value(1) #turn the led on
else:
led.value(0) #turn the led off
while True:
blynk.run()

OUTPUT

RESULT:

52
 ADDITIONAL EXPERIMENTS

LCD DISPLAY:

from machine import Pin, I2C

from time import sleep
from pico_i2c_lcd import I2cLcd
i2c=I2C(0, sda=Pin(0), scl=Pin(1), freq=400000)
I2C_ADDR=i2c.scan()[0]
lcd=I2cLcd(i2c,I2C_ADDR,2,16)
while True:
lcd.move_to(3,0)
lcd.putstr("Ediylabs")
sleep(5)
lcd.clear()

CONNECTIONS

Raspberry Pi PICO development board 16X2 lcd DISPLAY

5v VCC
GND GND
GP0 SDA
GP1 SCL

DHT 11 Sensor:

from machine import Pin, I2C

import utime as time
from dht import DHT11, InvalidChecksum
while True:
time.sleep(1)
pin = Pin(16, Pin.OUT, Pin.PULL_DOWN)
sensor = DHT11(pin)
t = (sensor.temperature)
h = (sensor.humidity)
print("Temperature: {}".format(sensor.temperature))
print("Humidity: {}".format(sensor.humidity))
time.sleep(2)

53
CONNECTIONS

Raspberry Pi PICO development board DHT 11

5v VCC
GND GND
GP16 DATA

SERVO MOTOR:

from time import sleep

from machine import Pin, PWM

pwm = PWM(Pin(1))
pwm.freq(50)

while True:
for position in range(1000,9000,50):
pwm.duty_u16(position)
sleep(0.01)
for position in range(9000,1000,-50):
pwm.duty_u16(position)
sleep(0.01)

CONNECTIONS

Raspberry Pi PICO development board SERVOMOTOR

5V BROWN
GND RED
GP1 ORANGE

STEPPER MOTOR:
from machine import Pin
from time import sleep

IN1 = Pin(12,Pin.OUT)
IN2 = Pin(13,Pin.OUT)
IN3 = Pin(14,Pin.OUT)
IN4 = Pin(15,Pin.OUT)

pins = [IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4]

sequence = [[1,0,0,0],[0,1,0,0],[0,0,1,0],[0,0,0,1]]
while True:

54
 for step in sequence:
for i in range(len(pins)):
pins[i].value(step[i])
sleep(0.001)

CONNECTIONS

Raspberry Pi PICO development board SERVOMOTOR

5V 5V
GND GND
GP12 IN1
GP13 IN2
GP14 IN3
GP15 IN4

55