Networking Question Answers
Q.1 Answer the following:
a) Define the term network topology.
Network topology refers to the physical or logical layout of interconnected devices in a computer network. Examples
include star, ring, bus, mesh, and hybrid topologies.
b) List IEEE 802X standards for network.
- IEEE 802.1 - Network management
- IEEE 802.2 - Logical Link Control (LLC)
- IEEE 802.3 - Ethernet (Wired LAN)
- IEEE 802.5 - Token Ring
- IEEE 802.11 - Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi)
- IEEE 802.15 - Bluetooth
- IEEE 802.16 - WiMAX
c) Classify mobile generations.
1G - Analog voice
2G - Digital voice (GSM, CDMA)
3G - Mobile data and video calling
4G - High-speed internet and HD video
5G - Ultra-fast internet, IoT, low latency
d) State types of Multiplexing.
- Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)
- Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)
- Code Division Multiplexing (CDM)
- Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)
e) Write difference between repeater and router.
Repeater:
- Regenerates signal
- Works at Physical Layer
- No IP address
Router:
- Forwards data between networks
- Works at Network Layer
- Has IP address
f) List different types of network connecting devices.
- Hub
- Switch
- Router
- Bridge
- Repeater
- Gateway
- Modem
g) State functions of Network layer.
- Logical addressing (IP address)
- Routing of packets
- Packet forwarding
- Fragmentation and reassembly
Q.2 Attempt any five of the following:
a) Draw and explain architecture of 802.11 Wireless LAN.
802.11 wireless LAN architecture includes:
- Access Point (AP): Acts as central transmitter and receiver
- Stations (Clients): Laptops, phones, etc.
- Distribution System (DS): Connects APs
- SSID & BSSID: Identifiers for network & access point
b) Compare IPv4 and IPv6.
IPv4:
- 32-bit address
- Decimal format
- 20-byte header
IPv6:
- 128-bit address
- Hexadecimal format
- 40-byte header
- Built-in security
c) Draw and explain layered architecture of OSI reference model.
OSI Layers (Top to Bottom):
1. Application
2. Presentation
3. Session
4. Transport
5. Network
6. Data Link
7. Physical
d) Explain with neat sketch working of router and switch.
Router:
- Connects multiple networks
- Uses IP address
Switch:
- Connects devices in same network
- Uses MAC address
e) Differentiate between router and switch.
Router:
- Network Layer
- IP address
- Slower
Switch:
- Data Link Layer
- MAC address
- Faster
f) Design network layout for organization with five departments.
One central switch connected to 5 department switches (HR, Admin, IT, Sales, Accounts) and router for internet.
g) Explain process of DHCP configuration.
1. DHCP Discover: Client broadcasts request
2. DHCP Offer: Server sends offer
3. DHCP Request: Client accepts
4. DHCP Acknowledgment: Server assigns IP