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Basic Agric Genetics Topic Test MG

The document provides marking guidelines for a Grade 12 Agricultural Sciences test on basic agricultural genetics, comprising multiple sections with specific questions and answers. It includes scoring criteria for various types of genetic crosses, pedigree diagrams, and genetic modification techniques. The total marks for the test are 50, with detailed answers and explanations for each question.

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2K views5 pages

Basic Agric Genetics Topic Test MG

The document provides marking guidelines for a Grade 12 Agricultural Sciences test on basic agricultural genetics, comprising multiple sections with specific questions and answers. It includes scoring criteria for various types of genetic crosses, pedigree diagrams, and genetic modification techniques. The total marks for the test are 50, with detailed answers and explanations for each question.

Uploaded by

surrenderzinhlemabaso
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AMATHOLE WEST DISTRICT

GRADE 12

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
BASIC AGRIC GENETICS TOPIC TEST
MARKING GUIDELINE

MARKS: 50

These marking guidelines consist of 5 pages.


Agricultural Sciences 2 Basic Agric Genetics Topic
Marking Guidelines Test

SECTION A

QUESTION 1

1.1 1.1.1 D 
1.1.2 C 
1.1.3 B 
(3 x 1) (3)

1.2 1.2.1 G 
1.2.2 A 
1.2.3 B 
1.2.4 D 
(4 x 1) (4)

1.3 1.3.1 Incomplete dominance


1.3.2 Electroporation
1.3.3 Polyploidy
1.3.4 Species crossing 
(4 x 1) (4)

1.4 1.4.1 genotype. 


1.4.2 Family 
1.4.3 Estimated breeding value/EBV 
1.4.4 Prepotency  (4 x 1) (4)

TOTAL SECTION A: 15
Agricultural Sciences 3 Basic Agric Genetics Topic
Marking Guidelines Test

SECTION B

QUESTION 2: BASIC AGRICULTURAL GENETICS

2.1 Monohybrid crossing

2.1.1 Determination of the female genotype


bb  (1)

2.1.2 Punnet square

♀
♂ b b
B Bb Bb
B Bb Bb

MARKING CRITERIA
 Correct male gametes 
 Correct offspring 
 Punnet square with gametes and offspring 
 All the offspring are black  (4)

2.1.3 Identification of the type of dominance


Complete dominance  (1)

2.1.4 Reason
Black colour is dominant over white colour/white colour is
recessive to black colour/one allele masks/over shadows the (1)
other 

2.2 Dihybrid crossing

2.2.1 Identification of the type of crossing


Dihybrid crossing  (1)

2.2.2 REASON
This crossing involves two different
characteristics/ colour and shape  (1)
Agricultural Sciences 4 Basic Agric Genetics Topic
Marking Guidelines Test

2.2.3 ONE of the offspring which is different from that of parents


 BBRr 
 BBRR 
 BbRR  (Any 1) (1)

2.3 Pedigree diagram

2.3.1 Indication of homozygous or heterozygous


Homozygous  (1)

2.3.2 Reason to motivate for homozygous


Similar alleles  (1)

2.3.3 Determination of
(a) F2 phenotype: 1 red : 2 pink : 1 white  (1)
(b) Percentage of red offspring - 25%  (1)

2.4 Variation

2.4.1 Indication of the genetic phenomenon


Variation  (1)

2.4.2 Definition of the genetic phenomenon


 The difference that occurs amongst individuals 
of the same species 
 Difference in the genotype and phenotype  of the
same species  (Any 1) (2)

2.4.3 THREE environmental factors


 Soil factors 
 Temperature 
 Light intensity 
 Diseases and pests 
 Moisture/water content 
 Topography 
 Nutrition  (Any 3) (3)

2.4.4 Scientific term for the improvement


Heterosis/hybrid vigour  (1)

2.4.5 The type of breeding system


Cross breeding  (1)

2.5 Polygenic inheritance

2.5.1 Definition of polygenic inheritance


Characteristic that is determined  by many different (2)
genes 

2.5.2 Determination of the height of an AABB


30 cm + 10 cm + 10 cm + 10 cm + 10 cm 
= 70 cm  (2)
Agricultural 5 DBE/November
Sciences/P2 SC/NSC – Marking 2020
Guidelines
2.5.3 THREE different genotypes of a 50 cm tomato plant
 AAbb 
 aaBB 
 AaBb  (3)

2.6 Genetic modification

2.6.1 TWO techniques that can be used to modify plants


 Agro-bacterium tumefaciens/bacterial carriers 
 Viral carriers 
 Biolistic 
 Calcium phosphate precipitation 
 Electroporation 
 Gene slicing 
 Gene silencing 
 Lipofection 
 Micro-injection 
 Chemicalporation  (Any 2) (2)

2.6.2 TWO advantages of GM crops


 Improving the shelf life of produce 
 Improving the nutritional value of food 
 More resistance to insects/pests/diseases 
 Resistance to weed killers 
 More resistance to adverse environmental
influences/factors  (2)
 Increased yield  (Any 2)

2.6.3 TWO disadvantages of GM crops


 Health risks 
 Environmental risks 
 Personal/ethical/socio-cultural concerns 
 Reduced biodiversity 
 Socio-economic risks/expensive to emerging farmers  (2)
Any 2) [35]

GRAND TOTAL: 50

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