VISUALIZATION AND R-PROGRAMMING

LABORATORY MANUAL
B.Tech II Year – II Semester
(A.Y.2024-25)
Department of AI&DS
VISION
To empower female students with professional education using creative & innovative technical
practices of global competence and research aptitude to become competitive engineers with ethical
values and entrepreneurial skills.

MISSION
 To impart value based professional education through creative and innovative teaching-
learning process to face the global challenges of the new era technology.

 To inculcate research aptitude and to bring out creativity in students by imparting engineering
knowledge imbibing interpersonal skills to promote innovation, research and
entrepreneurship.

DEPARTMENT VISION & MISSION

Vision:
To be a leading department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science that provides cutting-edge
education, research, and innovation in the field, and prepares graduates to become globally
competitive professionals, researchers, and entrepreneurs.

Mission:

DM1: Providing comprehensive education and training in the principles, tools, and applications of
Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, to prepare graduates for a wide range of careers and research
opportunities.

DM2: Conducting cutting-edge research in the field of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science,
including the development of new algorithms, models, and platforms for data analysis, machine
learning, and deep learning.

DM3: Fostering collaborations and partnerships with industry, government, and academia to promote
the transfer of technology, innovation, and entrepreneurship.
 .

Program Outcomes:
 PO1:Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering
fundamentals, andan engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.
 PO2:Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex
engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural
sciences, and engineering sciences
 PO3:Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and
design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate consideration
for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.
 PO4:Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and research
methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the
information to provide valid conclusions.
 PO5:Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern
engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex engineering activities with an
understanding of the limitations.
 PO6:The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess
societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the
professional engineering practice.
 PO7:Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering
solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for
sustainable development.
 PO8:Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and
norms of theengineering practice.
 PO9:Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in
diverseteams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
 PO10:Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the
engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write
effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear
instructions.
 PO11:Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in
a team, to manageprojects and in multidisciplinary environments
 PO12:Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage
inindependent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.
Program Specific Outcome:
1. PSO1: Professional skills : the ability to understand ,analyze and develop computer programs in the
areas related to algorithms,system software
2. PSO2:Problem solving skills:the ability to apply standard practices and strategies in software project
 development to deliver a quality and defect free product.
3. PSO3:Successful career and Entrepreneurship: the ability to employ modern computer languages,
techniques, in creating innovative career paths to be an entrepreneur and a zest for higher studies

PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES

PEO No. Program Educational Objectives

To apply engineering processes and practices to software and hardware systems

PEO1
skillfully and efficiently.

Ability to understand and analyze engineering issues in a broader prospective with

PEO2
ethical responsibility.

To prepare students to fit into any industry associated with developing and
PEO3
implementation of software products or technologies.

PEO4 To equip the graduates with ability to analyze, design and test the novel products.

Course Structure

Course Title DATA VISUALIZTAION & R-PROGRAMMING LAB

Course Code
Programme B.Tech II-II
Course Structure
Practical
L T P Credits
0 0 3 1.5

COURSE OBJECTIVES

S. NO. Course Objectives

Effective use of Business Intelligence (BI) technology (Tableau) to apply data

1 visualization
To discern patterns and relationships in the data..
2

To build Dashboard applications

3

To communicate the results clearly and concisely

4

To be able to work with different formats of data sets.

5
 CO. NO. Course Outcomes BTL

Understand How to import data into Tableau.

CO1

Understand Tableau concepts of Dimensions and Measures.

CO2

Develop Programs and understand how to map Visual Layouts and Graphical
CO3 Properties.

Create a Dashboard that links multiple visualizations.

CO4

Use graphical user interfaces to create Frames for providing solutions to real
CO5 world problems

DATA VISUALIZTAION & R-PROGRAMMING LAB

DATA VISUALIZTAION & R- Credits :1.5

PROGRAMMING LAB –IT

Instructions : 3 practicals/week Sessional Marks :40

End Exam : 3 hours End Exam:60

SCHEME OF EVALUATION
Total Marks For Each Student to Evaluate In Lab :100 Marks

Out Of 100 Marks :

A-Regularity B – Record submission in Time C – Viva-voce D - Experimentation

Exp A B C D TOTAL Faculty
Experiment Name Date (T=A+B+C+D)
No 2 3 4 6 Sign
INSTRUCTIONS FOR STUDENT WHILE ENTERING IN LAB

These are the instructions for the students attending the lab:

 Before entering the lab the student should carry the following things (MANDATORY)
.1. Identity card issued by the college.
.2. Class notes
.3. Lab observation book
.4. Lab Manual
.5. Lab Record
 Student must sign in and sign out in the register provided when attending
the lab session without fail.
 Come to the laboratory in time. Students, who are late more than 15 min., will
not be allowed to attend the lab.
 Students need to maintain 100% attendance in lab if not a strict action will be taken.
 All students must follow a Dress Code while in the laboratory
 Foods, drinks are NOT allowed.
 All bags must be left at the indicated place.
 Refer to the lab staff if you need any help in using the lab.
 Respect the laboratory and its other users.
 Workspace must be kept clean and tidy after experiment is completed.
 Read the Manual carefully before coming to the laboratory and be sure about
what you are supposed to do.
 Do the experiments as per the instructions given in the manual.
 Copy all the programs to observation which are taught in class before attending
the lab session.
 Students are not permitted to use phones, Flash drives, Internet without
permission of lab-in charge.

Lab records need to be submitted on or before the date of submission.
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TABLEOFCONTENTS

S.No Name of theProgram/LabProblems: PageNo

1 Introduction to various Data Visualization tools.

Understanding Data, What is data, where to find data, Foundations for
building Data Visualizations, Creating Your First visualization?
1-5

Getting started with Tableau Software using Data file Formats,

2 connecting your Data to Tableau,
creating basic charts(line, bar charts, Tree maps),Using the Show 6-10
mepanel.
Tableau Calculations, Overview of SUM ,AVR ,and Aggregate
3 features, Creating custom calculations and fields
11-14
Applying new data calculations to your visualizations, Formatting
4 Visualizations,FormattingToolsandMenus,Formattingspecificpartsof the
view
15-21

5 Editing and Formatting Axes, Manipulating Data in Tableau data,

Pivoting Tableau data 22-26

Structuringyourdata,SortingandfilteringTableaudata,PivotingTableau data.
6
27-28
Advanced Visualization Tools: Using Filters, Using the Detail panel,
7
using the Size panels,
Customizing filters, Using and Customizing tooltips, Formatting your -
data with colors.

8 Creating Dashboards & Storytelling, creating your first dashboard

and Story, Design for different displays, adding interactivity to your
Dashboard, Distributing & Publishing your Visualization
-

9 Tableau filetypes, publishing to Tableau Online, Sharing your

visualizations, printing, and Exporting -

10 Creating customcharts, cyclical data and circular area charts, DualAxis

charts. -
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Week1: Introduction to various DataVisualizationtools:

Datavisualization is the practice of translating information into a visual context,such as

a map or graph, to make data easier for the human brain to understand and pull insights
from. It is the representation of information and data through use of common graphics,
such as charts, plots, info graphics, and animations. Data visualization is a powerful way
for people, especially data professionals, to display data so that it can be interpreted
easily.

Data Visualization enables decision-makers of any enterprise or industry to look into

analytical reports and understand concepts that might otherwise be difficult to grasp.
Benefit s of DataVisualization:
1. It is easy to understand the information with graphics
2. It made data to be represented in attractive way
3. Shows complex relationships
4. Helps to process large datasets
5. Useful for identifying trends
6. Minimize sambiguity

Data visualization tools provide the ability to see and understand data trends, outliers,
andpatternsinaneasy,intuitiveway.Therearevariousdatavisualizationtoolsavailable. One
must choose the tool based on various factors such as its ease of use, types of graphical
representations thetool canproduce, size of the dataset thetool can handle etc. some of
Data Visualization tools are Tableau, Power BI, Google Charts, JupyteR, Grafana etc.

The following are some common types of data visualizations:

 Table: A table is data displayed in rows and columns,which can be easily created in a
Word document or Excel spreadsheet.
 Chart or graph: Information is presented in tabular form with data displayedalongan x
and y axis, usually withbars,points,orlines,torepresentdataincomparison.
 Geospatial visualization: Data is depicted in map form with shapes and colours that
illustrate the relationship between specific locations,such as a choropleth or heatmap.
 Dashboard:Dataandvisualizationsaredisplayed,usuallyforbusinesspurposes,tohelp
analysts understand and present data.

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Introduction to R Programming:
R is a programming language and free software developed byRoss Ihaka and Robert Gentleman
in 1993. R possesses an extensive catalog of statistical and graphical methods. It includes
machine learning algorithms, linear regression, time series, statistical inference to name a few.
Most of the R libraries are written in R, but for heavy computational tasks, C, C++ and Fortran
codes are preferred. R is not only entrusted by academic, but many large companies also use R
programming language, including Uber, Google, Airbnb, Facebook and so on.

What is R used for?

 Statistical inference
 Data analysis
 Machine learning algorithm

Overview of PowerBI:
Power BI is a cloud-based business analytics service from Microsoft that enables anyone to
visualize and analyze data, with better speed and efficiency. It is a powerful as well as a flexible
BI toolfor connecting withand analyzing a wide varietyofdata. Manybusinesses evenconsider it
indispensable for data-science-related work.Power BI’sease ofuse comes fromthe fact that it has
a drag and drop interface.

This feature helps to perform tasks like sorting, comparing and analyzing, very easily and fast.
Power BI is also compatible with multiple sources, including Excel, SQL Server, and cloud-
based data repositories which makes it an excellent choice for Data Scientists.

Power BI gives the ability to analyze and explore dataon-premise as well as in the cloud. Power
BI provides the ability to collaborate and share customized dashboards and interactive reports
across colleagues and organizations, easily and securely.

TheRandVisualizationusingPowerBIcertificationvalidatesanindividual'sskillsto
effectivelymanipulate,a nalyze, and visualize Data using Rprogramming language and Page2
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Microsoft's Power BI tool. The certification primarily revolves around data transformation,
exploration, and visualization techniques. Industries commonlyuse these tools and certifications
for data-driven decision making, forecasting, complex analysis, and reporting. By integrating R
with Power BI, businesses can enhance the level of complexity and flexibility in their data
analytics processes.
PowerBI’sComponents:-
Power BI consists of various components which are available in the market separately and canbe
used exclusively.

AdvantagesofusingPowerBI:-
PowerBIprovidescertainbenefitswhichmakeitsuperiortotheexistinganalyticaltools:
 Providesacloud-basedaswellasadesktop interface.
 Providescapabilitieslikedatawarehousing,datadiscoveryandinteractivedashboards.
 Abilitytoloadcustomvisualizations, and
 Easilyscalableacrosstheentireorganization.

PowerBIDesktop:-
Power BI is a free application that can be downloaded and installed on the system. It can be
connectedtomultipledatasources.Usually,ananalysisworkbeginsin PowerBI Desktop
wherereportcreationtakesplace.Thereportisthenpublishedto PowerBI service from where it can
be shared to the Power BI Mobile apps so that people can view the reports even on mobiles.

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Understanding Data, What is data, where to find data, Foundations for

building Data Visualizations, Creating Your First visualization?

WhatisData?
Data refers to raw facts, statistics, or information collected or stored in a structured or
unstructured form. Data can take various forms, such as text, numbers, images, videos, andmore.
It is the foundation of all information and knowledge and is used in various fields for analysis,
decision-making, and understanding trends and patterns.

Datacanbecategorizedintotwomaintypes:
 Structured Data: This type of data is organized into a specific format, such as tables or
databases, and is easily searchable and analyzable. Examples include spreadsheets,
relational databases, and CSV files. 

 Unstructured Data: Unstructured data lacks a specific format and can include text
documents, social media posts, images, audio recordings, and more. Analyzing
unstructured data often requires advanced techniques like natural language processingand
image recognition. 

WheretoFindData?
Youcanfinddatafromvarioussources, dependingonyourspecificneeds:

 Open Data Portals: Many governments and organizations provide free access to a wide
range of data through open data portals. Examples include Data.gov (United States) and
data.gov.uk (United Kingdom).
 Data Repositories:Academic institutions, research organizations, and data enthusiasts
often share datasets on platforms like Kaggle, GitHub, and the UCI Machine Learning
Repository.
 APIs (Application Programming Interfaces): Some websites and services offer APIs
that allow you to programmatically access and retrieve data. Examples include Twitter
API, Google Maps API, and financial market APIs.
 Web Scraping: You can extract data from websites using web scraping tools and
libraries like BeautifulSoup and Scrapy. However, be mindful of the website's terms of
use and legal restrictions.
 Surveys and Surveys: You can conduct your own surveys or collect data through
questionnaires and interviews. 
 IoT Devices: Internet of Things (IoT) devices generate vast amounts of data that can be
used for various purposes.
 CommercialData Providers: Some companiesspecialize in selling datasetsfor specific
industries, such as market research, finance, and healthcare. 

FoundationsforBuildingDataVisualizations:
Creatingeffectivedatavisualizationsrequiresastrongfoundationinseveralkeyareas:

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 Data Analysis:Before creating visualizations, you should thoroughly analyze your data
to understand its structure, relationships, and any patterns or trends. Exploratory data
analysis (EDA) techniques can help with this. 
 StatisticalKnowledge: Understanding basic statistics isessentialfor making meaningful
interpretations of data. Concepts like mean, median, standard deviation, and correlation
are commonly used in data visualization. 
 Domain Knowledge:Having knowledge ofthe specific domain or subject matter related
to your data is crucial for creating contextually relevant visualizations. It helps you ask
the right questions and provide valuable insights. 
 Visualization Tools:Familiarize yourselfwith data visualization tools and libraries such
as matplotlib, Seaborn, ggplot2, D3.js, and Tableau. Each tool has its strengths and canbe
used for different types of visualizations. 
 Design Principles: Study design principles, including color theory, typography, and
visualhierarchy, to create visuallyappealing and effective visualizations. Avoid common
pitfalls like misleading visualizations.
 Interactivity: Learn how to add interactive elements to your visualizations to engage
users and allow them to explore the data. This can be achieved using tools likeJavaScript,
Python libraries, or dedicated visualization software. 

CreatingYourFirstVisualization:
Tocreateyourfirstdatavisualization,followthesegeneralsteps:
 Select Your Data: Choose a dataset that aligns with your goals and interests.
Ensurethat the data is clean and well-structured.
 Define Your Objective: Clearly define what you want to communicate or explore
withyour visualization. Are you looking to show trends, comparisons, or distributions? 
 Choose the Right Visualization Type: Select a visualization type that suits your data
and objectives. Common types include bar charts, line charts, scatter plots, histograms,
and pie charts.
 Prepare and Transform Data: Preprocess your data as needed. This may involve
aggregating, filtering, or transforming the data to fit the chosen visualization.
 Create the Visualization: Use a suitable tool or library to create your visualization.
Customize it with labels, colors, and other design elements.
 Interactivity (Optional): If appropriate, add interactive features to your visualization to
allow users to interact with the data.
 Test and Iterate: Review your visualization for accuracy and clarity. Seek feedbackfrom
others and make improvements as necessary.
 Publish or Share:Once you are satisfied with your visualization, publish it on aplatform,
embed it in a report, or share it with your intended audience. 
 DocumentandExplain:Providecontextandexplanationsforyourvisualization.Clearly
communicate what the viewer should take away from it.
 Maintain and Update: If the data changes or new insights emerge, update your
visualization accordingly.

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Week 2: Getting started with Tableau Software using Data file formats,
connecting your Data to Tableau,creating basic charts(line, bar charts, Tree
maps),Using the Show me panel.

Aim:- Getting started with Tableau Software using Data file formats, connecting your Data to
Tableau,creating basic charts(line, bar charts, Tree maps),Using the Show me panel.

Solution:- Getting started with Tableau software is a great way to create data visualizations
quickly and efficiently. Here are the steps to get started, including connecting your data to
Tableau, creating basic charts like line charts, bar charts, and treemaps, and using the Show Me
panel:

1. DownloadandInstallTableau:
First, you'll need to download and installTableau DesktoporTableau Public(a free version).
Follow the installation instructions provided on the Tableau website for your specific operating
system.

2. PrepareYourData:
Before connecting your data to Tableau, ensure that your data is in a suitable format. Common
data file formats that Tableau supports include Excel (.xlsx), CSV (.csv), and text files (.txt).
Make sure your data is organized with headers for each column.

3. ConnectYourDatatoTableau:
LaunchTableauDesktop.
Goto"File"Menuandthenclickon"Open".

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Choosethedatasourcetype(e.g.,Excel,CSV,textfile)andSelectthedatafile(P6-SuperStoreUS-
2015.xls) and click "Open".
Draganytable(e.g.Orders)intoworkingarea.

ClickonWorksheet(Sheet1).

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4. DataSourcePane:
Once your data is connected, the Data Source Pane will appear on the left-hand side of the
Tableau interface. Here, you can see a preview of your data and performdata transformations or
join multiple data sources if necessary.

5. CreatingBasicCharts:
Now,let'screatesome basicchartsusingTableau:
a. Line Chart:
1. Fromthe"DataSourcepane",draganddropthe datefield tothe Columnsshelfand a numeric field
(e.g., sales, revenue) to the Rows shelf.

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2. ThenTableauwillautomaticallycreatealinechart.Youcancustomize it byadding labels, titles,

and formatting.

b. Bar Chart:
1. Draganddropacategoricalfield (e.g.,productcategory,region)totheColumnsshelfand a numeric
field to the Rows shelf.

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2. ThenTableauwillcreateabarchart. Youcanadjust theorientationand formattingas needed. To

display Labels on the bars click on Lables and select "Show mark lables".

c. Treemap:
1. DraganddropacategoricalfieldtotheColumnsshelf.
2. DraganddropanumericfieldtotheSizeshelf.
3. Tableau will create a treemap visualization. You can further customize it by adjusting colors
and labels.

6. UsingtheShowMe Panel:-
The Show Me panelinTableau helps you explore variouschart types based on your dataand the
fields you select. Here's how to use it:
1. After adding fields to the Rows and Columns shelves, click on the "Show Me" panel located
on the left side of the Tableau interface.
2. Inthe ShowMe panel, you'llsee a varietyofchartoptions that Tableau recommends based on
your data. Click on a chart type to create it.
3. Tableauwill automatically generate theselectedchart typewithyour data. Youcan further
customize it as needed.
4. Togobacktotheregularworksheetview,clickthe"Clear"buttonintheShowMepanel.

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Week 3: Tableau Calculations, Overview of SUM, AVR, and Aggregate

features, Creating custom calculationsand fields.
Aim:- Tableau Calculations, Overview of SUM, AVR, and Aggregate features, Creatingcustom
calculationsand fields.

Solution:- Tableau offers a powerful set of calculation tools that allow you to manipulate,
transform, and analyze your data in various ways. Here's an overview of some key concepts
related to Tableau calculations, including SUM, AVG (average), and aggregate functions, aswell
as creating custom calculations and fields.

SUMandAVG(Average)Functions:-
SUM Function
The SUM function in Tableau calculates the total sum of a numeric field.You can use it to find the sum of
values in a column or as part of a more complex calculation. To use SUM, simply drag and drop a
numeric field into the "SUM" shelf, or you can create a calculated field using the SUM function.

AVG(Average)Function
The AVG function calculates the average (mean) value of a numeric field. Like SUM, you can
use it by dragging a numeric field into the "AVG" shelf or creating a calculated field with the
AVG function.

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AggregateFunctions:
Tableau provides a range of aggregate functions that allow you to perform calculations ongroups
of data. Common aggregate functions include SUM, AVG, COUNT, MIN (minimum value), and
MAX (maximum value). These functions are particularly useful when you want to analyze data
at different levels of granularity (e.g., by category, region, or time period).

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CreatingCustomCalculations:
Tableau allows you to create custom calculations using calculated fields. Here's how to create a
custom calculation:
1. CreateaNewCalculatedField
IntheDataSourcePane, right-clickonyourdatasourceandselect"CreateCalculated Field".

Alternatively, youcancreateacalculated field byright-clickingonashelfinyourworksheet and choosing

"Create Calculated Field".
2. EnterYourCalculation:
Inthecalculated fieldeditor,youcanuse functions,operators,andfieldreferencesto define your
calculation.
Forexample,youcancreateacalculatedfieldtocalculateprofitmarginas(SUM([Profit])/ SUM([Sales])) *
100.
3. NameandSavetheCalculatedField:
Giveyourcalculatedfieldameaningfulname.
Clickthe"OK"or"Apply"buttontosavethecalculatedfield.

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4. UsetheCalculatedFieldinYour Worksheet:
You can now usethe calculated field like anyother field in your worksheet. Drag it to the Rows or
Columns shelf, use it in filters, or create visualizations based on it.

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Week 4: Applying new data calculations to your visualizations, Formatting

Visualizations, Formatting Toolsand Menus, Formatting specific parts of the
view.
Aim:- Applying new data calculations to your visualizations, Formatting Visualizations,
Formatting Toolsand Menus, Formatting specific parts of the view.

Solution:-ApplyingNewDataCalculationstoVisualizations.
1. DragandDropCalculatedFields:
To apply your newly created calculated fields to avisualization, simplydrag and dropthemonto
the appropriate shelves in your worksheet. For example, you can drag a calculated field to the
Rows or Columns shelf, use it in filters, or place it on the Marks card to control the appearanceof
marks.

2. FilterwithCalculatedFields:
Create filters using calculated fields to control which data points are displayed in your
visualization. You canuse calculated fields to filter byspecific criteria, suchas a calculated date
range or a custom ranking.

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FormattingVisualizations
Tableau providesa wide range offormatting optionsto make your visualizations more appealing
and informative:
1. FormatPane:
On the left side of the Tableau interface, you'll find the Format pane. It allows you to format
various aspects of your visualization, such as fonts, colors, lines, shading, and borders. Simply
select the element you want to format and use theoptions in the Format pane to make changes.

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2. MarksCard:
TheMarkscard,locatedaboveyourvisualization,offersformattingoptionsspecifictothetype of
marks you're using (e.g., color, size, label). Click on the Marks cardto access these options and
modify how your data is represented.

3. AxisandGridlines:
Youcanformat axislabels,titles,andgridlinesto improvethereadabilityofyourvisualization. Right-
click on an axis or gridline to access formatting options.

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4. LegendsandColorScales:
Customize legends and color scales to provide context for your visualizations. You can change
colors, labels, and the position of legends to match your data.

FormattingToolsandMenus:
Tableau provides several formatting tools and menus to help you refine the appearance of your
visualizations:
1. FormatMenu:
The Format menu at the top of the Tableau interface provides access to various formatting
options, including font styles, shading, borders, alignment, and more. You can use this menu to
format text, labels, and other elements.

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2. WorksheetMenu:
Inthe Worksheet menu, you'llfind optionsto format the entire worksheet, including background
color, borders, and worksheet title. You can also adjust the worksheet size.

3. DashboardMenu:
Ifyou'reworkingwithdashboards,theDashboardmenuallowsyoutoformattheentire dashboard layout,
including background, size, and title.

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FormattingSpecificPartsoftheView:-
Tableau letsyou formatspecificelementsofyourvisualization:
1. Annotations:
You can add annotations to your visualizations to highlight important points or
provideadditionalcontext. Format these annotations using the options available when you right-
click on an annotation.
2. Tooltips:
Customize tooltips to display relevant information when users hover over data points. You can
format tooltips to show or hide specific fields and control their appearance.
3. HeadersandTitles:
Format headers, titles, and subtitles for clarity and consistency. Use the Format pane or the
Format menu to adjust text formatting, alignment, and shading.

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Week 5: EditingandFormattingAxes,ManipulatingDatainTableaudata, Pivoting

Tableau data.
Aim:-Editingand FormattingAxes,ManipulatingDatainTableaudata,PivotingTableaudata.
Solution:-EditingandFormattingAxes:

1. EditAxisTitle:
 Clickontheaxistitleyouwanttoedit.
 You cannow modifythe title text, font,size, color, and alignment using the Format pane or
the toolbar at the top.

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2. EditAxisLabels:
 Right-clickonanaxisandselect"EditAxis."
 IntheEditAxisdialogbox,youcanchangetheformattingoflabels,tickmarks,and other axis-
related properties.
3. ScaleandRange:
 Tochangethescaleorrangeofanaxis, right-clickonitandselect"EditAxis."
 Inthedialogbox, adjust theMinimumandMaximumvalues, scale, orrangeaccordingto your
needs.

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ManipulatingDatainTableaudata

ChangeDataType:
IfTableau hasinferreda wrongdata typefor acolumn, thedatatypecanbechangedbyclickingonthe data type
symbol in the column header.

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NewColumn(CalculatedFields)
Calculatedfields canbeused if you need tocreatecustomizedlogicfor manipulatingcertain data types or data
values. There are a large-range of functions available in Tableau that can used individually or collectively
for data manipulation.

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PivotingTableaudata
Data pivotingenablesyoutorearrange the columns androwsin a reportsoyoucanview data from
different perspectives.

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Week 6: Structuring your data, Sorting and filtering Tableau data, Pivoting
Tableau data.
Aim:-Structuringyourdata,SortingandfilteringTableaudata,PivotingTableaudata.
Solution:-CreatingSortingandfilteringTableaudata,PivotingTableaudata:
Tableau supports connecting to a wide varietyofdata, storedina varietyofplaces. For example,
data might be stored on computer in a spread sheet or a text file, or in a big data, relational, or
cube (multidimensional) database on a server in enterprise or the data can be from a public
domainavailableontheweb. Datacanbe imported inTableauPublic fromConnect panelonleft side.
For example, an Excel sample data set was loaded into Tableau as follows:

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The data store page appears as above. The left pan shows that above dataset consists of 3
worksheets. If we drag orders table, screen appears as follows: Tableau automatically identifies
the data type of each column.

Now drag Returns table onto the Canvas to the right of Orders table. This shows the relation
between the two tables Orders and Returns.

If we click on the link between Orders and Returns table names at the top gives the summary of
the relationship betweenthe tables. Nowrename the data store and click onSheet1 atthe bottom
left to proceed. This step creates a data extract which improves query performance.

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