Practical file

HTML

Submitted To: - Submitted By: -

Ms. JYOTI MALHOTRA Sachin

Assistant Prof. in Management BBA-6th Sem

Department of Business 1221783010138
Administration
 INDEX

S.NO PROGRAMS DATE SIGNATURE

1. Introduction To HTML 7 January
2025
13 January
2. Versions Of HTML 2025
20 January
3. Basic Tags In HTML 2025
21 January
4. Basic Program In HTML 2025
27 January
Program To Display 2025
5.
Different Headings
28 January
Program To Display
6. 2025
Different Font Style
3 February
Program To Create an 2025
Ordered List, Unordered
7.
List, Description List and
Nested List
4 February
Program To Display an
8. 2025
Image
10 February
Program To Create A
9. 2025
Marquee
11 February
Program To Create a 2025
10.
Hyperlink
17 February
Program To Create an
11. 2025
Abbreviation
18 February
Program To Create
12. 2025
Horizontal Rule
24 February
Program To Create a
13. 2025
Table Showing Time Table
 INTRODUCTION
TO HTML
HTML, which stands for Hypertext Markup Language, is
the language used to describe structured documents and
the language used to create web pages on the internet.

HTML or HyperText Markup Language is the standard

markup language used to create web pages. It is a
combination of Hypertext and Markup language. The
Hypertext defines the link between web pages, and
Markup defines the text document within tags to structure
the web pages HTML is human-readable and uses tags to
define what manipulation has to be done on the text.

Since then, there have been many different versions of

HTML. The most widely used version throughout the
2000's was HTML 4.01, which became an official
standard in December 1999. Another version, XHTML,
was a rewrite of HTML as an XML language.

The first version of HTML was written by Tim Berners-

Lee.
VERSIONS OF HTML
1. HTML 1.0
One of the first versions of HTML, HTML 1.0, was released in 1993, laying

down the foundations for building web pages. Some of its primary

characteristics were:

 Structuring Elements: HTML 1.0 introduced elements that made it

possible to add structure to the content on web pages. These included

headings, lists, paragraphs, and images.

 Comparatively Simpler: HTML 1.0 was very simple in comparison to

later versions of HTML. It didn’t have styling options or the ability to

control how content would display in a web browser. Additionally,

HTML 1.0 lacked any support for tables.

 Font Support: Although HTML 1.0 introduced fonts, it was limited. In

other words, there was minimal scope for changing the text style or

size.

Nonetheless, HTML 1.0 initiated the field of web development, and its

features kept advancing with every updated version.

2. HTML 2.0
The HTML 2.0 version was released in 1995 and had considerable

improvements from the previous version. Some of them were:

 Standardization of HTML: This version made HTML into a standard

by establishing common rules and regulations that all web browsers

had to follow.

 Forms: Most importantly, HTML 2.0 introduced the concept of forms,

which allowed users to input data on web pages. However, the forms

were still basic and only contained text boxes and buttons.

 Tables: HTML 2.0 introduced the <table> tag for creating tabular data

on web pages, contributing to better organization of data.

 Formation of the W3C: During HTML 2.0, browsers started making

their own tags, because of which therewas inconsistency across

different browsers. To resolve the issue and establish standardization,

the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) was formed. This helped web

browsers to render tags in a consistent manner.

3. HTML 3.2

HTML 3.2 was the next major successor to HTML 2.0 and was

developed in 1997. The updated features included in it are:

 Upgraded Form Elements: HTML 3.2 brought better ways to

create interactive forms on websites. Developers could make forms

that were more interactive and dynamic for users.

 CSS Support: Another important feature included in HTML 3.2

was support for CSS (Cascading Style Sheets). It helped designers

improve the look of web pages by styling and customizing HTML

elements.

 Enhanced Image Features: Handling images became easier with

HTML 3.2. It allowed for better control over image size,

alignment, and text descriptions.

 Extended Character Set: HTML 3.2 also expanded the available

characters for web pages. It included special symbols and

international characters for a more diverse presentation of the

content.
4. HTML 4.01

HTML 4.01, released in 1999, brought several advancements to the

HTML language. Here are some of the updated features:

 CSS Linking: Previously, one had to place CSS on each page to

apply the styles. However, with 4.01, CSS files could be linked

and included in each HTML page using the <link> tag. This helped

maintain consistent styles across web pages without repeating CSS

code.

 New Tags: HTML 4.01 also introduced some new tags like

“<fieldset>”, “<header>”, “<footer>”, and “<legend>”. These tags

consequently enhanced the presentability of the content.

 Table Enhancement: In addition, HTML 4.01 made tables more

powerful. We could use attributes like ‘colspan’ and ‘rowspan’ to

make cells in a table span across multiple columns or rows. This

made it easier to create more complicated and interesting tables. 

5. XHTML 1.0

XHTML 1.0 stands for Extensible HyperText Markup Language 1.0 and

was released in 2000.

 Strict Standards and Compatibility: XHTML 1.0 is similar

to HTML but has a stricter version with more stringent rules

for elements, attributes, and syntax. Due to such strict criteria,

a common standard was created for web pages. This reduced

the scope for incompatibility between browsers.

 Compatibility with XML: XHTML 1.0 offered compatibility

with XML tools. It meant that XML parsing libraries and

transformation tools, commonly used for working with XML

documents, could also be utilized with XHTML documents. 

 Future Adaptability: Furthermore, XHTML 1.0 documents

were easily adaptable to any future versions of HTML or XML

without any significant changes.

 TAGS IN HTML
HTML tags are the keywords on a web page that define how your web
browser must format and display your web page.

HTML tags are composed of an opening tag, content, and a closing

tag. The opening tag marks the beginning of an element, and the
closing tag marks the end. The content is the information or structure
that falls between the opening and closing tags.

HTML Tag Syntax:

<Example>the first tag is the opening tag that indicates the start, while
the second tag is the closing tags that depicts the end </example>.

For Example –

 <html> is the opening tag and </html> is the closing tag. Note that
the closing tag has the same text as the opening tag, but has an
additional forward-slash ( / ) character.

 <p>this is a paragraph</p>
In the above example, the opening <p> tag indicates the start of a
new paragraph. The </p> is the closing tag that ends it.

It is very important to open and close tags. It tells the web browser
when a piece of code begins and ends so that it can distinguish it
from other sections of the page.
BASIC TAGS IN HTML

Basic Tags In HTML

Descriptions
<html></html> Tags which create the HTML document.
<head></head> Tags which denote the first part of the HTML
document.
<title></title> Tags which define the title of the webpage.
<body></body> Tags which define the main contents of the HTML
document.
<h1></h1> Tags that indicate the headings.
<b></b> Tags that display bold text.
<i></i> Tags that display italic text.
<u></u> Tags that underline the text.
<br> Tag that indicate line break.No closing tag is
required
here.
<strong></strong> Tags which strongly emphasize the bold format.
<em></em> Tags which gives more emphasis to the italic text.
<pre></pre> Tags which preserves the original text.
 Tags which format text as subscript.
 Tags which format text as superscript.
<hr> Tag which inserts a horizontal ruler.Closing tag is
not require here.
<p></p> Tags which define the paragraph.
<blink></blink> Tags which create a blinking text.
 BASIC PROGRAM IN
HTML
<html>
<head>
<title>Introduction to HTML</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="pink">
HTML, which stands for Hypertext Markup Language, is
the language used to describe structured documents and the
language used to create web pages on the internet.
<br>HTML, or HyperText Markup Language is the
standard markup language used to create web pages. It is a
combination of Hypertext and Markup language. The
Hypertext defines the link between web pages, and Markup
defines the text document within tags to structure the web
pages HTML is human-readable and uses tags to define
what manipulation has to be done on the text.
</body>
</html>
OUTPUT
 PROGRAM TO DISPLAY DIFFERENT HEADINGS
<html>
<head>
<title>My sample HTML document</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="skyblue">
<h1><u>My sample HTML document</u></h1>
<h1>This is heading 1</h1>
<h2>This is heading 2</h2>
<h3>This is heading 3</h3>
<h4>This is heading 4</h4>
<h5>This is heading 5</h5>
<h6>This is heading 6</h6>
<b>Bold text</b>
<br>
<i>Italic text</i>
<br>
<u>Underlined text</u><br>
<b><i>Bold and italic text</i></b><br>
<b><i><u>Bold,italic and underlined text</u></i></b><br>
<h1><i>Italic heading</i></h1>
<h3><u>Underlined heading</u></h3>
</body>
</html>
OUTPUT
 PROGRAM TO DISPLAY DIFFERENT FONT STYLE
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Tags</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="lightgreen">
<br>
<h1><u>HTML Tags</u></h1><br>
<h1>This is heading 1</h1><br>
<h2>This is heading 2</h2><br>
<h3>This is heading 3</h3><br>
<hr width="59%"size="48px"color="white"></hr>
<b>Bold text</b><br>
<i>Italic text</i><br>
<u>Underlined text</u>
<br>
<strong>Strong heading</strong><br>
<em>Heading</em><br>
h₂o<br>
2^nd<br>
<blink>This is heading</blink><br>
</br>
</body>
</html>
OUTPUT
 PROGRAM TO CREATE ORDERED LIST
<html>

<head>
<title>Creating a customized ordered list</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Names of Months</h1>

<p>
<ol type="I">
<li>January
<li>February
<li>March
<li>April
<li>May

<li>June
<li>July
<li>August
<li>September
<li>October
<li>November

<li>December
</ol>
</p>

</body>
</html>
OUTPUT
 PROGRAM TO CREATE
UNORDERED LIST
<html>
<head>
<title>Unordered List</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Fruits</h2>
<hr>
<ul>
<li>Apple</li>
<li>Banana</li>
<li>Orange</li>
<li>Strawberry</li>
<li>Grape</li>
<li>Water Melon</li>
<li>Pear</li>
<li>Pineapple</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
OUTPUT
 PROGRAM TO CREATE DESCRIPTION
LIST
<html>
<head>
<title> Description List </title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="lightgreen">
<h1> Description list Example </h1>
<dl>
<dt> HTML </dt>
<dd> Hypertext Markup Language, standard markup
language for Web pages. </dd>
<dt> CSS </dt>
<dd>Cascading Style Sheets, used for styling and layout of
Web pages. </dd>
<dt> JAVASCRIPT </dt>
<dd> Programming language used for client-side scripting
on the Web. </dd>
</dt>
</body>
</html>
OUTPUT
 PROGRAM TO CREATE NESTED
LIST
<html>
<head>
<title>Nested Iist</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 align=center><u>Internet club</u></h1>
<ol>
<li><b>Teacher of management department
<ul>
<li>Meenakshi mam
<li>Omita mam
<li>Ankita mam
</ul>
<li><b>student of BBA-CAM
<ul>
<li>Preeti
<li>Aanchal
<li>Sakshi
<li>Saloni
</ul>
</ol>
</body>
</html>
OUTPUT
 PROGRAM TO DISPLAY
AN IMAGE
<html>

<head>

<title>Image tag</title>

</head>

<body bgcolor="skyblue">

<img src="C:\Users\Desktop\digitalmarketing.jpeg"

width="40%"height="60%">

</img src>

</body>

</html>
OUTPUT
 PROGRAM TO CREATE A
MARQUEE
<html>
<head>
<title>Programming</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="pink">
<marquee behaviour="scroll"scrollamount="50"
direction="right"bgcolor="red"width="60%"height=
"20%"><fontsize="48">Internet
Technology</marquee>
<b><h1>Search engine</b>
<u><h2>Intranet</u>
<i><h3>Enterprise Collaboration System</i>
<strong><h4>DHTML</strong>
</body>
</html>
OUTPUT
 PROGRAM TO CREATE A
HYPERLINK

<html>

<head>

<title> HYPERLINK </title>

</head>

<body bgcolor="pink">

<a href=”C:\Users\Desktop\TABLE TAG.html">Time

Table</a>

</body>

</html>
 OUTPUT

AFTER CLICKING HYPERLINK

 PROGRAM TO CREATE
ABBREVIATION
<html>

<head>

<title>abbreviation</title>

</head>

<body bgcolor="orange">

<p>The<abbr title="World Wide Web">WWW</abbr>is

a system of interlinked hypertext documents</p>

<p>The <acronym title="Hypertext Markup

Language">HTML</acronym>is used for creating web
pages.</p>

</body>

</html>
OUTPUT
 PROGRAM TO CREATE HORIZONTAL
RULE
<html>
<head>
<title>Horizontal rule</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="skyblue">
<hr>
<h1>Heading 1</h1>
<p>Paragraph 1;This is first paragraph of horizontal rule program.</p>
</hr>
<hr>
<h2>heading 2</h2>
<p>Paragraph 2;This is second paragraph of horizontal rule
program.</p>
</hr>
<hr>
<h3>Heading 3</h3>
<p>Paragraph;This is the third paragraph of horizontal rule
program.</p>
</hr>
</body>
</html>
OUTPUT
 PROGRAM TO CREATE A TABLE
SHOWING TIME TABLE
<html>
<head>
<title>Table tag</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="sky blue">
<table cellpadding ="6" cellsapcing="2"bgcolor="orange"
bordercolor="purple" border="5">
<h2 align=center><b><u>Time Table</u></b></h2>
<tr>
<th>TIME
<th>9:00AM-9:45AM
<th> 9:45AM-10:30AM
<th>10:30AM-11:15AM
<th>11:15AM-12:00AM
<th>12:00AM-12:45AM
<th>12:45AM-1:30AM
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><b>SUBJECT
<td>HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
<td>DISASTER MANAGEMENT
<td>FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
<td>PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT
<td> MARKETING MANAGEMENT
<td>INTERNET TECHNOLOGY
</tr>
<tr>
<td><b>TEACHER NAME
<td>MRS. JYOTI
<td>MRS. BHANU
<td>MRS. PARVEEN
<td>MRS. RITA DAGAR
<td>MRS. OMITA
<td>MRS. MEENAKSHI
</tr>
</body>
</html>
OUTPUT