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C++ OOPs Concepts Notes

The document discusses key concepts in C++ including function overloading, polymorphism, and the differences between function overloading and overriding. It also covers friend functions, pointers, streams, and file I/O operations, providing examples and highlighting advantages and disadvantages. Overall, it serves as a concise guide to important C++ programming features.

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8 views2 pages

C++ OOPs Concepts Notes

The document discusses key concepts in C++ including function overloading, polymorphism, and the differences between function overloading and overriding. It also covers friend functions, pointers, streams, and file I/O operations, providing examples and highlighting advantages and disadvantages. Overall, it serves as a concise guide to important C++ programming features.

Uploaded by

traderu61
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Function Overloading in C++:

Function overloading allows multiple functions with the same name but different parameters.

Example:

int add(int a, int b);

float add(float a, float b);

2. Polymorphism and Its Types:

Polymorphism means "many forms".

Types:

- Compile-time (Function/Operator Overloading)

- Runtime (Virtual functions & Inheritance)

3. Difference: Function Overloading vs Overriding

| Feature | Overloading | Overriding |

|-----------------|----------------------------------|-------------------------------------|

| Class Involved | Same class | Base and Derived classes |

| Binding Time | Compile-time | Runtime |

| Signature | Different | Same |

4. Function Overloading Example (Area Calculation):

float area(float radius);

int area(int length, int breadth);

5. Friend Function:

A function that can access private members of a class.

Merits: Access to private data, operator overloading support.


Demerits: Breaks encapsulation, increases coupling.

6. Pointer in C++:

A variable that stores the address of another variable.

Advantages: Efficient memory usage, dynamic memory allocation, array handling.

7. Stream in C++:

A stream is a flow of data.

Types:

- Input: cin, ifstream

- Output: cout, ofstream, cerr, clog

8. File I/O in C++:

Classes: ifstream, ofstream, fstream

Functions: open(), close(), is_open(), getline(), read(), write()

Example:

ofstream file("data.txt"); file << "Hello";

ifstream file("data.txt"); getline(file, line);

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