032 – Chief Mate
NAVIGATION
PAST PAPERS
July ‘20 – December ‘21
CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY IN THE MERCHANT NAVY –
DECK OFFICER
STCW 78 as amended CHIEF MATE/MASTER REG. II/2 (UNLIMITED)
032-74 – STABILITY AND STRUCTURE
FRIDAY, 10 JULY 2020
0915 - 1215 hrs
Materials to be supplied by examination centres
Candidate’s examination workbook
Stability Data Booklet
Stability Formulae Datasheets
Examination Paper Inserts
Notes for the guidance of candidates:
1. Examinations administered by the SQA on behalf of the Maritime & Coastguard Agency.
2. Candidates should note that 200 marks are allocated to this paper. To pass candidates
must achieve 120 marks.
3. Non-programmable calculators may be used.
4. All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer.
STABILITY AND STRUCTURE
Attempt ALL questions
Marks for each question are shown in brackets
1. A ship is lying starboard side to on a salt water berth with a 5º port list. She has
an even keel draught of 6.280 m and a KG of 8.19 m.
A 15 t piece of project cargo is to be loaded using the ship’s own derrick. It is
currently on the quay, 13.30 m from the centreline and the head of the derrick
when slewed during loading will be 21.50 m.
The stow position is Kg 3.50 m and on the centreline.
Using the Stability Data booklet provided, calculate EACH of the following:
(a) (i) the maximum list experienced during the operation; (15)
(ii) the size and direction of any list once the weight is stowed; (10)
(iii) the quantity of ballast to load into the relevant No. 2 D.B. side tank in
order to bring the vessel upright; (2)
(iv) the KGeffective of the vessel on completion of the ballasting in Q1(a)(ii) (Use
Kg of the tank). (4)
(b) With reference to the Maximum KG Table, determine, whether the vessel
complies with the minimum intact stability criteria of the current Load Line
Rules in this final condition. (4)
2. A box shaped vessel floating at an even keel in dock water (RD 1.018) has the
following particulars:
Length 135.00 m Breadth 21.00 m Draught 6.360 m KG 7.10 m
A midship watertight compartment 20.00 m long and extending the full breadth
and depth of the vessel is bilged. Permeability of the compartment is 0.75.
Calculate EACH of the following:
(a) the new draught; (12)
(b) the change in GM; (16)
(c) the moment of statical stability in the flooded condition for an angle of heel
of 16º. (7)
3. A vessel, initially upright, is to carry out an inclining test.
Present displacement 5450 t KM 10.88 m
Total weights on board during the experiment:
Ballast 280 t Kg 3.52 m Tank full.
Bunkers 167 t Kg 4.11 m Free surface moment 823 tm
Fresh Water 41 t Kg 3.96 m Free surface moment 36 tm
Boiler water 14 t Kg 4.59 m Free surface moment 137 tm
Inclining weights 50 t Kg 10.57 m
The ship’s free fall lifeboat, weight 18 t, is temporarily located on the aft deck,
Kg 10.25 m and will be stowed the following week at Kg 13.54 m.
The plumblines have an effective vertical length of 9.93 m. The inclining weights
are shifted transversely 11.30 m on each occasion and the mean horizontal
deflection of the plumbline is 0.74 m.
(a) Calculate the vessel's Lightship KG. (25)
(b) Explain why it is important to restrict the amount of Free Surface Moments
on board during the inclining test. (5)
4. A box shaped vessel’s forward end compartment, extending the full breadth and
depth is flooded as a result of a collision.
(a) State and explain any effect that this flooding may have on EACH of the
following:
(i) the vessel’s Centre of Gravity ‘G’; (4)
(ii) the height of the vessel’s Centre of Buoyancy ‘KB’; (4)
(iii) the vessel’s Centre of Flotation ‘F’; (4)
(iv) the Displacement of the vessel. (3)
(b) When calculating the change of trim due to the flooding of a forward end
compartment of a box shaped vessel it is necessary to obtain the MCTC.
Explain why the metacentric height in the bilged condition is required to be
used in preference over the initial GML when doing so. (10)
(c) Identify and explain the circumstances when the KB of a bilged box shaped
vessel cannot be calculated as half the bilged draught. (10)
5. A general cargo ship is loading in a port in a Tropical seasonal zone for a port in a
Winter seasonal zone during winter months.
Describe the various precautions and considerations which must be borne in mind
at the loading port in order that the voyage is accomplished safely, in accordance
with the requirements of the Load Line Rules. (30)
6. (a) Describe how the effect of icing on a vessel’s stability may be determined
when a vessel is operating in severe winter conditions. (10)
(b) Sketch a vessel’s curve of statical stability showing the effect of non-
symmetrical ice accretion on decks and superstructure. (25)
CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY IN THE MERCHANT NAVY –
DECK OFFICER
STCW 78 as amended CHIEF MATE/MASTER REG. II/2 (UNLIMITED)
032-74 – STABILITY AND STRUCTURE
FRIDAY, 21 AUGUST 2020
0915 - 1215 hrs
Materials to be supplied by examination centres
Candidate’s examination workbook
Stability Data Booklet
Stability Formulae Datasheets
Examination Paper Inserts
Notes for the guidance of candidates:
1. Examinations administered by the SQA on behalf of the Maritime & Coastguard Agency.
2. Candidates should note that 200 marks are allocated to this paper. To pass candidates
must achieve 120 marks.
3. Non-programmable calculators may be used.
4. All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer.
STABILITY AND STRUCTURE
Attempt ALL questions
Marks for each question are shown in brackets
1. A ship is alongside a berth in salt water with a list of 4º to port. She is nearing
completion of cargo operations with a present displacement of 8422 t and a
GM 0.18 m.
There are three parcels of cargo remaining to load weighing: 10 t, 5 t and 19 t.
The available locations are:
Kg 11.80 m tcg 6.00 m starboard
Kg 10.20 m on the centre line
Kg 5.40 m tcg 4.00 m starboard
Using the Stability Data Booklet, calculate EACH of the following:
(a) which parcel of cargo should be loaded into each of the available locations so
that the vessel completes upright with an improved GM; (25)
(b) whether the ship, on completion of loading as determined in Q1(a), complies
with the minimum intact stability criteria using the Maximum KG table,
commenting on the result. (10)
2. A vessel is upright, alongside and on an even keel in dock water of RD 1.011 with
the following particulars:
Draught 8.740 m KG 7.20 m
A midship rectangular deck 32.00 m long and extending the full breadth of the vessel
is flooded with dock water to a depth of 0.60 m. Height of the deck above the keel
12.15 m.
Using the Stability Data Booklet, calculate EACH of the following:
(a) the fluid GM; (25)
(b) the angle of loll. (10)
3. A vessel is floating upright in salt water with the following particulars:
Forward draught 7.860 m Aft draught 8.540 m
The vessel is to proceed on a short coastal voyage to a neighbouring port. On
arrival the vessel has to navigate over a shoal.
On the passage the following items of deadweight will be consumed:
26 t of Heavy Fuel Oil from No. 3 D.B. Port tank,
26 t of Heavy Fuel Oil from No. 3 D.B. Starboard tank,
9 t of Diesel Oil from No. 4 D.B. Port tank,
7 t of Diesel Oil from No. 4 D.B. Starboard tank.
Additionally, the After Peak tank was fully de-ballasted of saltwater from an
initially full condition.
(a) Using the Stability Data Booklet, calculate the minimum clearance of the
vessel over the shoal with a predicted depth of water of 9.60 m. (30)
(b) State the minimum clearance over the sand bar, if the vessel is brought to an
even keel condition by internal transfer of ballast. (5)
4. (a) The bilging of an empty midship compartment will affect a vessel’s draught
and may also result in a change in the vessel’s intact waterplane area.
Identify and explain a possible scenario (incorporating a watertight flat if
appropriate) where such bilging could result in EACH of the following:
(i) an increase in the vessel’s GM; (10)
(ii) a reduction in the vessel’s GM. (10)
(b) The bilging of an empty midships, side compartment will negatively affect a
vessel’s stability. Explain, with the aid of a sketch of a curve of statical
stability, how cross flooding is likely to restore some of this loss. (15)
5. List TEN items of the stability and stress data required to be supplied to ships
under the current Load Line Regulations, stating for EACH how such information
might be used. (30)
6. Discuss the stability problems associated with the design and operation of a
conventional Ro-Ro vehicle ferry. (30)
CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY IN THE MERCHANT NAVY –
DECK OFFICER
STCW 78 as amended CHIEF MATE/MASTER REG. II/2 (UNLIMITED)
032-74 – STABILITY AND STRUCTURE
FRIDAY, 09 OCTOBER 2020
0915 - 1215 hrs
Materials to be supplied by examination centres
Candidate’s examination workbook
Stability Data Booklet
Stability Formulae Datasheets
Examination Paper Inserts
Notes for the guidance of candidates:
1. Examinations administered by the SQA on behalf of the Maritime & Coastguard Agency.
2. Candidates should note that 200 marks are allocated to this paper. To pass candidates
must achieve 120 marks.
3. Non-programmable calculators may be used.
4. All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer.
STABILITY AND STRUCTURE
Attempt ALL questions
Marks for each question are shown in brackets
All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer.
(a)
1. A vessel is alongside an upriver berth in fresh water with the following particulars:
(b)
(c) Forward draught 7.350 m Aft Draught 8.570 m
(d)
(e) A single consignment of cargo, weighing 743 t is to be loaded.
(f)
Using the Stability Data Booklet, calculate EACH of the following:
(a) the distance FOAP and compartment onboard to load this parcel of cargo in
order to maintain the current aft draught; (35)
(b) the final draught forward. (5)
2. A box shaped vessel floating upright on an even keel in salt water has the following
particulars:
Length 145.00 m Breadth 28.00 m Draught 7.400 m KG 10.78 m
The vessel has two longitudinal bulkheads 5.00 m from EACH side of the vessel.
Calculate the angle of heel if a midships side compartment 29.00 m long is bilged. (30)
3. A container vessel’s particulars are as follows:
Displacement 14 000 t KG 7.75 m Draught 7.200 m
Lateral windage area 5800 m2. Centroid of the windage area 10.20 m above the
waterline.
(a) Construct a righting moment curve to 60 degrees heel using the KN Tables in
the Stability Data Booklet; (15)
(b) Using the righting moment curve constructed in Q3(a), determine EACH of the
following:
(i) the angle of heel due to a steady lateral wind pressure of 48.5 kgs/m2; (10)
(ii) the angle of heel if the wind pressure increases by 50 % due to gusting. (5)
4. (a) Describe the changes in stability which may take place on a voyage. (15)
(b) Provide a sketch of statical stability showing the effects on the curve of
righting levers (GZ) of the changes described in Q4(a). (20)
5. (a) State the surveys required in order that an International Load Line Certificate (4)
remains valid.
(b) List the items to be inspected during the surveys stated in Q5(a), stating the
nature of the examination required for each. (26)
6. Describe the general provisions of the current Load Line Regulations governing the
ability of Type B vessels with reduced freeboard to withstand flooding due to
damage, and the stability in the final condition after such damage. (35)
CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY IN THE MERCHANT NAVY –
DECK OFFICER
STCW 78 as amended CHIEF MATE/MASTER REG. II/2 (UNLIMITED)
032-74 – STABILITY AND STRUCTURE
FRIDAY, 04 DECEMBER 2020
0915 - 1215 hrs
Materials to be supplied by examination centres
Candidate’s examination workbook
Stability Data Booklet
Stability Formulae Datasheets
Graph Paper
Examination Paper Inserts
Notes for the guidance of candidates:
1. Examinations administered by the SQA on behalf of the Maritime & Coastguard Agency.
2. Candidates should note that 200 marks are allocated to this paper. To pass candidates
must achieve 120 marks.
3. Non-programmable calculators may be used.
4. All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer.
STABILITY AND STRUCTURE
Attempt ALL questions
Marks for each question are shown in brackets
1. A vessel is preparing to enter dry dock at a port with an RD of 1.018.
The present particulars:
Aft draught 4.627 m Forward draught 3.227 m KG 9.78 m
It has been determined that a maximum trim of 1.150 m by the stern is required
prior to docking in order to ensure adequate effective GM at the critical instant.
With reference to the Stability Data Booklet:
(a) calculate the weight of dock water ballast to transfer from the After Peak
tank to the Fore Peak tank in order to achieve the required trim; (8)
(b) calculate the GM of the vessel after the transfer of dock water ballast
(RD 1.018). (8)
Note: After Peak tank was full and the Fore Peak tank empty prior to the
transfer of ballast (Use KG of the tanks);
(c) calculate the effective GM at the critical instant; (12)
(d) comment on the calculated effective GM in Q1(c). (2)
2. A vessel is floating upright alongside a berth in salt water and is due to load a
cargo of grain (stowage factor 1.68m3/t).
All five holds are to be fully loaded and the tween decks are variously full and
partially full. Assume that cargo surfaces will be levelled on completion.
After tabulating the weights and moments for the planned load of grain the
following final totals were obtained;
Item Displacement KG Volumetric Heeling Moments
Final totals 18 501 t 7.50 m 6 309 m4
(a) Using the KN Table included in the Stability Data Booklet construct a GZ curve
for this condition of loading. (14)
(b) Use the information obtained in Q2(a) to determine whether the vessel
complies with all of the minimum criteria specified in the International Grain
Code (IMO). (21)
3. A vessel completes underdeck loading in salt water with the following particulars:
TMD 6.758 m KG 7.74 m
The Stability Data Booklet provides the necessary data for the vessel.
During the passage 223 tonne of Fuel Oil (R.D. 0.81) is consumed from No. 3 D.B.
tank centre which was full on departure (use Kg of tank for consumption
purposes).
Calculate the maximum weight of timber to load on deck Kg 13.50 m assuming 15%
water absorption during the passage in order to arrive at the destination with a
minimum GM of 0.20 m. (35)
Note: Assume KM constant.
4. Identify and explain the corrections to be applied to the Tabular Freeboard for a
‘Type A’ ship in order to obtain the Assigned Freeboard, and provide the reason
why the freeboard could be increased or decreased in each case. (30)
5. (a) Discuss the factors affecting the virtual loss of GM due to a free surface within
an undivided rectangular tank. (8)
(b) Explain the effect on the virtual loss of GM due to the free surface when the
slack tank is equally divided in EACH of the following situations:
(i) by a longitudinal bulkhead; (5)
(ii) by a transverse bulkhead. (5)
(c) Explain why it is preferable that stability information relating to free surface
for a particular tank is usually expressed as a Free Surface Moment (FSM)
rather than Free Surface Correction (FSC). (5)
(d) A double bottom tank, initially empty, is to be ballasted full of salt water.
Sketch a labelled diagram to show the way in which the effective KG of the
ship will change from the instant of starting to fill the tank until it is full. (12)
6. (a) Explain the difference between the Angle of Deck Edge Immersion and the
Angle of Flooding, stating typical values from the Stability Data Booklet. (5)
(b) Explain how when a vessel heels to an angle of loll it now has a small positive
GM. (10)
(c) Explain why a vessel carrying timber on deck may be allowed a smaller GM
than is usual for a cargo vessel. (10)
(d) Explain how an increase in the beam of a vessel can improve a vessel’s
stability and why such improvement is more pronounced at smaller angles of
heel. (10)
CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY IN THE MERCHANT NAVY –DECK OFFICER
STCW 78 as amended CHIEF MATE/MASTER REG. II/2 (UNLIMITED)
032-74 – STABILITY AND STRUCTURE
FRIDAY, 26 MARCH 2021
0915 - 1215 hrs
Materials to be supplied by examination centres
Candidate’s examination workbook
Stability Data Booklet
Stability Formulae Datasheets
Examination Paper Inserts
Notes for the guidance of candidates:
1. Examinations administered by the SQA on behalf of the Maritime & Coastguard Agency.
2. Candidates should note that 200 marks are allocated to this paper. To pass candidates
must achieve 120 marks.
3. Non-programmable calculators may be used.
4. All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer.
STABILITY AND STRUCTURE
Attempt ALL questions
Marks for each question are shown in brackets
All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer
1. A vessel is floating upright in salt water with an even keel draught of
6.850 m. GMeff 0.57 m.
The vessel has a rectangular double bottom tank of length 20.0 m, breadth 18.0 m,
depth 1.80 m, which is subdivided by two equally spaced longitudinal bulkheads
resulting in the port, centre and starboard compartments having equal
dimensions.
At present all three compartments contain saltwater ballast to an ullage of
0.60 m.
Using the Stability Data Booklet calculate the angle of heel after emptying the
centre and portside tanks. (35)
Note: The starboard tank failed to de ballast due to a valve failure.
2. A vessel is to transit a canal with a minimum clearance of 1.40 m under a bridge,
the underside of which is 22.50 m above the waterline.
Present draughts in dock water of R.D. 1.019: Forward 4.880 m Aft 5.960 m
The aft mast is 23 m foap and extends 28.10 m above the keel.
The fore mast is 118 m foap and extends 26.60 m above the keel.
Assume the masts are perpendicular to the waterline throughout.
Using the Stability Data Booklet, calculate EACH of the following:
(a) the draughts required, forward and aft, in order to pass under the bridge with
minimum clearance; (20)
(b) the minimum weight of ballast to load in order to pass under the bridge with
minimum clearance. (15)
3. A vessel is planning to enter drydock in salt water.
Present draughts: Forward 3.850 m Aft 5.750 m and KG 8.79 m
Using the Stability Data Booklet, calculate EACH of the following:
(a) The maximum trim at which the vessel can enter drydock so as to maintain a
GM of at least 0.25 m at the critical instant. (25)
Note: Assume KM constant.
(b) Comment on the result of Q3(a) identifying any possible operational issue that
may occur during the critical period. (5)
(c) Other than reducing the trim of the vessel, identify and describe alternative
methods of improving the condition of stability prior to entering the dry dock. (5)
4. (a) Explain with the aid of a sketch why a vessel will usually heel outwards when
a steady rate of turn has been achieved. (10)
(b) Sketch a stable vessel’s curve of statical stability showing the effect of heel
when turning. (10)
(c) Describe the effects that heel when turning has on the stability of a vessel. (10)
5. (a) List THREE possible causes, excluding changes to ship’s structure and fittings,
for a change to the lightship KG over a period of time. (6)
(b) Explain the necessity for EACH of the following precautions to be taken before
and/or during the inclining experiment:
(i) Slack tanks should be avoided when possible and preferably be restricted
to tanks with a rectangular shape; (4)
(ii) Moorings should be appropriately arranged; (4)
(iii) No passing vessels; (4)
(iv) Fine weather, with little or no wind; (4)
(v) Lifeboats, cranes, anchors and such should be secured in their seagoing
positions; (4)
(vi) The test inclination should not exceed 4º from the upright zero position. (4)
6. Describe a Type ‘A’ vessel under the current Load Line Regulations, including the
flooding, stability and assumed damage requirements. (35)
CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY IN THE MERCHANT NAVY –DECK OFFICER
STCW 78 as amended CHIEF MATE/MASTER REG. II/2 (UNLIMITED)
032-74 – STABILITY AND STRUCTURE
FRIDAY, 09 JULY 2021
1315 - 1615 hrs
Materials to be supplied by examination centres
Candidate’s examination workbook
Stability Data Booklet A
Stability Formulae Datasheets
Examination Paper Inserts
Worksheet Q3
Notes for the guidance of candidates:
1. Examinations administered by the SQA on behalf of the Maritime & Coastguard Agency.
2. Candidates should note that 200 marks are allocated to this paper. To pass candidates
must achieve 120 marks.
3. Non-programmable calculators may be used.
4. All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer.
5. Candidates should attempt ALL Questions in Section A (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 and Q5) and ONE
Question in Section B (Either Q6 or Q7).
STABILITY AND STRUCTURE
Attempt ALL questions in Section A and attempt only ONE question in Section B
Marks for each question are shown in brackets
All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer
Section A – Attempt ALL Questions in this section
1. A vessel is floating upright and with an even keel draught 8.350 m in dock water
of relative density 1.014.
Cargo operations are undertaken as follows:
Discharge 149 tonne No. 3 Tween deck
Discharge 252 tonne No. 5 Hold
Load 548 tonne No. 2 Hold
A Shipper has a stock of bagged grain in a dock side warehouse and requests
shipment.
The vessel is due to enter the Winter Load Line Zone 5 days after departure.
Daily consumption is expected to be:
HFO 15 tonne from No.3 D.B. tanks (Port and Starboard)
Fresh water 2 tonne from the Forward Tank
Using the Stability Data Booklet, calculate EACH of the following so as to arrive
at the Winter Load Line Zone boundary with an even keel draught of 8.683 m:
(a) the total weight of bagged grain to load; (10)
(b) the maximum weight of bagged grain that can be loaded into No. 2 Tween
Deck and No. 5 Hold (use LCG of the space). (25)
Note: All ballast tanks are empty throughout
[OVER
2. A box-shaped vessel floating at an even keel in salt water has the following
particulars:
Length 120.00 m Breadth 26.00 m Draught 6.400 m KG 9.60 m
An amidship cargo compartment 18.00 m long, extending full breadth of vessel, is
bilged. The cargo compartment is fully loaded with a permeability of 0.40. The
compartment is located above a double bottom ballast tank of height 1.20 m.
Calculate EACH of the following:
(a) the final draught; (15)
(b) the change in GM. (20)
3. A vessel is floating in salt water and has completed loading.
Present draughts:
Forward 7.913 m
Midship (Port) 8.166 m
Midship (Starboard) 8.218 m
Aft 8.586 m
The draught marks are displaced as follows:
Forward: 1.12 m aft of the FP
Aft: 1.58 m aft of the AP
Midship: 0.33 m forward of amidships
The Stability Data Booklet provides the necessary hydrostatic and ship particulars
for the vessel.
By completion of Worksheet Q3 and showing any additional calculations in the
answer book, determine EACH of the following:
(a) the vessel’s present displacement; (30)
(b) the quantity of cargo presently onboard. The following deductible weights
are on board:
Ballast: 10 t
Fresh water: 75 t
HFO: 420 t
Diesel Oil: 85 t
Miscellaneous weights: 13 t (5)
Note: Assume no hog or sag in the Summer Load condition.
4. (a) Describe the effect on the vessel’s displacement from the moment the stern
first touches the blocks aft during dry docking to when the vessel is fully down
on the blocks fore and aft. (4)
(b) Describe how the stability of the ship is affected during the critical period
when dry docking. (12)
(c) Describe TWO methods of calculating the P force at an intermediate moment
during the Critical Period. (6)
(d) Explain why it usual for a vessel to enter drydock with a stern trim. (8)
5. A general cargo ship is loading in a port in a Tropical zone for a port in a Winter
seasonal zone during winter months.
Describe the various precautions and considerations for EACH of the following
factors which must be borne in mind at the loading port in order that the voyage
is accomplished safely, in accordance with the requirements of the Load Line
Rules:
(a) Load Line Zones; (6)
(b) Stability on passage; (8)
(c) Crew safety; (4)
(d) Seaworthiness; (8)
(e) Cargo. (4)
Section B – Attempt only ONE question in this section
6. With reference to the current Load Line Regulations:
(a) define a Type A vessel; (3)
(b) define a Type B vessel; (1)
(c) distinguish between the characteristics of Type A vessels and Type B vessels,
explaining why they have different tabular freeboards; (16)
(d) explain the reason for EACH of the following freeboard corrections:
(i) block coefficient; (3)
(ii) depth; (3)
(iii) position of deck line; (3)
(iv) sheer; (3)
(v) bow height. (3)
7. Stability instruments installed on ships should cover all stability requirements
applicable to the ship.
With regards to such instruments:
(a) explain both ‘passive’ and ‘active’ data entry systems; (5)
(b) identify and briefly discriminate the three types of calculation that are
performed by stability instrument software which may be found on ships; (8)
(c) list the minimum stability parameters that should be presented so that a
Master may judge the suitability of any particular loaded condition. (10)
(d) identify and describe three factors which are likely to affect the accuracy of
transverse stability calculations. (12)
032-74 STABILITY AND STRUCTURE WORKSHEET Q3 09 JULY 2021
(This Worksheet must be returned with your answer book)
DRAUGHT SURVEY REPORT
metres
Draught Forward
Dist. marks displaced
FP Correction
Dist. between marks x Observed Trim
Draught at FP
Draught Aft
Dist. marks displaced
AP Correction
Dist. between marks x Observed. Trim
Draught at AP
True Trim
Draught (M) Port
Draught (M) Star.
Draught
Midships Mean
Amidship line Dist. marks displaced
correction LBP x True Trim
Draught at
Amidships
Corrected dFP + (6 x dM) + dAP
Midship Draught 8
TPC LCF foap
tonne
Displacement
1st Trim Corrn. Dist. of CF from Midships x Trim x TPC
(Layer) LBP
2nd Trim Corrn. 50 x True Trim2 x (MCTC2 - MCTC1)
(Form) LBP
Corrected
Displacement
Dock Water R.D. Dock Water
Displacement Δx 1.025
CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY IN THE MERCHANT NAVY –DECK OFFICER
STCW 78 as amended CHIEF MATE/MASTER REG. II/2 (UNLIMITED)
032-74 – STABILITY AND STRUCTURE
FRIDAY, 08 OCTOBER 2021
0915 - 1215 hrs
Materials to be supplied by examination centres
Candidate’s examination workbook
Stability Data Booklet A
Stability Formulae Datasheets
Examination Paper Inserts
Notes for the guidance of candidates:
1. Examinations administered by the SQA on behalf of the Maritime & Coastguard Agency.
2. Candidates should note that 200 marks are allocated to this paper. To pass candidates
must achieve 120 marks.
3. Non-programmable calculators may be used.
4. All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps
must be made clear in the answer.
5. Candidates should attempt ALL Questions in Section A (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 and Q5) and ONE
Question in Section B (Either Q6 or Q7).
STABILITY AND STRUCTURE
Attempt ALL questions in Section A and attempt only ONE question in Section B
Marks for each question are shown in brackets
All formulae used must be stated and the method of working and all intermediate steps must
be made clear in the answer.
Section A – Attempt ALL Questions in this section
1. A vessel is floating upright and starboard side alongside a berth in saltwater.
The vessel is in ballast and ready to load a consignment of bulk sea salt using
THREE ships cranes equipped with grabs which are presently rigged and suspended
over the centreline. The ship’s particulars in this condition are as follows:
Forward draught 3.450 m Aft draught 3.950 m KG 8.56 m
The cargo stock pile is located 18.0 m from the ship’s centreline and when the
ship’s cranes are plumbed ashore they will extend 23.50 m above the keel.
EACH grab when loaded weighs 24.0 t.
Using the Stability Data Booklet A, calculate EACH of the following:
(a) the list when all three grabs are suspended over the cargo pile and loaded
with cargo; (20)
(b) the maximum number of loaded grabs that can be suspended above the cargo
pile at the same time in order to limit the list to a maximum of 5º. (10)
Note: Assume that any remaining cranes are suspended over the ship’s
centreline with loaded grabs.
[OVER
2. A vessel is to load a cargo of grain (stowage factor 1.64 m3/t).
Initial displacement 5800 tonne Initial KG 6.55 m.
All five holds are to be loaded full of grain.
The tween decks are to be loaded as follows:
No. 1 TD Full
No. 2 TD Part full – ullage 3.75 m
No. 3 TD Full
No. 4 TD Part full – ullage 2.25 m
The Stability Data Booklet A provides the necessary cargo compartment data for
the vessel.
(a) Using the Maximum Permissible Grain Heeling Moment Table included in the
Stability Data Booklet A, determine whether the vessel complies with the
minimum criteria specified in the International Grain Code (IMO). (25)
(b) Calculate the ship’s approximate angle of heel in the event of the grain
shifting as assumed by the International Grain Code (IMO). (5)
(c) Comment on the result of Q2(a) with respect to the relative accuracy of
stability calculations in general. (5)
3. A box shaped vessel floating on an even keel in saltwater has the following
particulars:
Length 100.0 m Beam 15.0 m Draught of 4.000 m KG of 5.59 m
An amidships double bottom watertight tank of length 12.00 m and height of
1.60 m extends over the full breadth of the vessel is currently empty.
Calculate EACH of the following:
(a) the metacentric height of the vessel; (6)
(b) the metacentric height of the vessel after ballasting the tank full of sea
water; (10)
(c) the metacentric height of the vessel if quantity of ballast water is removed
from the tank resulting in an ullage is 0.050 m; (12)
(d) the metacentric height of the vessel after the tank is pumped dry, suffers a
structural failure and the tank is bilged. (12)
4. (a) Describe how the following are affected when a vessel moves from Saltwater
to Dockwater, explaining the reasons for each:
(i) volume of displacement; (3)
(ii) KB; (3)
(iii) Longitudinal Centre of Buoyancy (LCB); (3)
(iv) Longitudinal Centre of Flotation (LCF). (3)
(b) Explain why the trim of a vessel may change with a change in dock water
density. (6)
(c) Define the term Dynamical Stability, stating how this is indicated when
assessing the stability of a ship. (6)
(d) The Load Line Regulations require a vessel to have a minimum initial
transverse metacentric height.
Define initial transverse metacentric height. (6)
5. (a) Describe the effects of being in a seaway on a vessel’s curve of statical
stability. (8)
(b) Explain why a vessel laden to the same draught on different voyages may have
different natural rolling periods. (12)
(c) Describe the different rolling characteristics of a vessel for EACH of the
following:
(i) in a stiff condition; (3)
(ii) in a tender condition; (3)
(iii) with a small negative GM. (4)
Section B – Attempt only ONE question in this section
6. (a) Distinguish between the causes of an angle of loll and an angle of list. (8)
(b) Describe the dangers to a vessel at an angle of loll in a seaway. (12)
(c) An unstable vessel lying to an angle of loll to port has an empty double bottom
tank subdivided into three watertight compartments (port, centre,
starboard) of equal width.
The tank must be ballasted to return the vessel to a safe condition.
Describe the sequence of actions that should be taken and the possible
effects throughout each stage. (15)
7. (a) Describe the circumstances under which parametric rolling is likely to occur. (9)
(b) Identify and explain the progressive stages that a vessel experiences which
develop into a parametric roll. (10)
(c) Describe the Master’s responsibilities when sailing in heavy following,
quartering or head seas. (6)
(d) State and describe the dangers of parametric rolling with respect to EACH of
the following:
(i) personnel; (2)
(ii) ship; (4)
(iii) cargo. (4)
