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3) Assignment (CN)

The document outlines a standard network troubleshooting methodology, detailing a step-by-step approach to identify and resolve network issues. It emphasizes the importance of following company policies, documenting changes, and using appropriate tools. Additionally, it discusses troubleshooting specific scenarios related to different OSI layers, such as physical layer issues and application layer problems.

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ahmadtariq7799
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35 views5 pages

3) Assignment (CN)

The document outlines a standard network troubleshooting methodology, detailing a step-by-step approach to identify and resolve network issues. It emphasizes the importance of following company policies, documenting changes, and using appropriate tools. Additionally, it discusses troubleshooting specific scenarios related to different OSI layers, such as physical layer issues and application layer problems.

Uploaded by

ahmadtariq7799
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COMPUTER

ASSIGNMENT 3

NETWORKS

NAME Ahmad Tariq


ROLL NO 56
SECTION B
DEPARTMENT Software Engineering

SUBMITTED TO Sir Younas


NETWORK TROUBLESHOOTING
METHODOLOGY
A STANDARD NETWORK TROUBLESHOOTING PROCESS HELPS
YOU SYSTEMATICALLY IDENTIFY AND FIX NETWORK
PROBLEMS. HERE'S THE STEP-BY-STEP APPROACH:
IDENTIFY THE PROBLEM
→ GATHER INFO FROM USERS
→ CHECK ERROR MESSAGES, LOGS, LED LIGHTS
→ TRY TO REPRODUCE THE ISSUE
ESTABLISH A THEORY OF PROBABLE CAUSE
→ START WITH SIMPLE EXPLANATIONS (LOOSE CABLE,
WRONG IP, ETC.)
→ ELIMINATE POSSIBLE CAUSES STEP-BY-STEP
TEST THE THEORY
→ RUN PING, TRACEROUTE, OR USE DIAGNOSTICS
→ SWAP HARDWARE IF NEEDED
ESTABLISH A PLAN OF ACTION
→ PLAN HOW TO FIX THE ISSUE WITH MINIMAL DISRUPTION
IMPLEMENT THE SOLUTION
VERIFY FULL SYSTEM FUNCTIONALITY
→ MAKE SURE THE PROBLEM IS FULLY SOLVED
→ TEST WITH THE USER
DOCUMENT THE PROBLEM AND SOLUTION
→ USEFUL FOR FUTURE REFERENCE AND SAVING TIME LATER
NETWORK TROUBLESHOOTING
POLICIES & BEST PRACTICES
→ ALWAYS FOLLOW COMPANY POLICY BEFORE MAKING
CHANGES
→ GET USER PERMISSION OR CHANGE APPROVAL (IF
REQUIRED)
→ DOCUMENT ALL CHANGES AND KEEP LOGS
→ USE PROPER TOOLS (PING, TRACERT, IPCONFIG, ETC.)
→ MAINTAIN NETWORK DIAGRAMS AND DOCUMENTATION
→ BACKUP CONFIGURATIONS BEFORE UPDATES OR RESETS

COMPUTER CAN’T ACCESS THE


NETWORK, AND LED LIGHTS ARE
OFF
WHICH OSI LAYER ARE YOU TROUBLESHOOTING?
YOU'RE TROUBLESHOOTING THE PHYSICAL LAYER (LAYER 1).
→ NO LED = POSSIBLY NO SIGNAL
→ COULD BE A BAD CABLE, UNPLUGGED WIRE, BROKEN PORT,
OR DEAD NIC
→ ALWAYS START WITH PHYSICAL CHECKS BEFORE JUMPING
INTO SOFTWARE
AT WHICH TWO OSI LAYERS
DOES THE NETWORK ADAPTER
(NIC) WORK?
A NETWORK INTERFACE CARD (NIC) OPERATES AT:
1. LAYER 1 – PHYSICAL (TRANSMITS BITS OVER THE WIRE
OR WI-FI)
2. LAYER 2 – DATA LINK (HANDLES MAC ADDRESSING,
FRAME FORMATTING)

USER CAN’T ACCESS A SPECIFIC


WEBSITE, BUT OTHERS WORK
FINE
WHICH OSI LAYER SHOULD YOU START WITH?
START WITH LAYER 7 – APPLICATION LAYER.
→ COULD BE A BROWSER ISSUE, DNS PROBLEM, OR WEBSITE-
SPECIFIC RESTRICTION
→ THEN CHECK LAYER 3 (NETWORK) AND LAYER 4
(TRANSPORT) IF NEEDED (E.G., DNS RESOLUTION OR FIREWALL
RULES)
SKYPE CALL KEEPS DROPPING,
USER HAS TO RECONNECT

WHERE SHOULD YOU START TROUBLESHOOTING?


BEGIN WITH LAYER 4 – TRANSPORT LAYER.
→ THIS LAYER HANDLES CONNECTION STABILITY, PACKET
DELIVERY, AND ERROR CHECKING (TCP/UDP)
→ DROPPED CALLS CAN BE DUE TO LOST PACKETS,
CONGESTION, OR UNSTABLE CONNECTIONS

SKYPE CALL KEEPS DROPPING,


USER HAS TO RECONNECT

THE TRANSPORT LAYER (LAYER 4) IS RESPONSIBLE FOR


MAINTAINING A RELIABLE CONNECTION.
→ IT ENSURES DATA IS DELIVERED COMPLETELY AND
CORRECTLY
→ IF IT FAILS, YOU'LL SEE ISSUES LIKE CALL DROPS, LAGS, OR
RETRIES

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