30.

MATRICES

that
A (4 marks)
I, Given
|1989 PP No. 141

5
ofthe Hence or otherwise solve the equations
the inverse 3 4)
2.Find

+
2x 5y =9
3x + 4y =6 3marks)
|1991 PPI No. 131

3 -20 30 )
that A = (-2
4 -1)
and B =
40 -10
3.Given
(i) hence or otherwise write down the inverse of (4 marks)
()FindA-B.
B.

11993 Pr1 No.

the values ofx for which the matrix below has no inverse. (3 marks)
4, Determine

|1994 PPI No. 131

*Aclothes dealer sold 3 shirts and 2 trousers for sh. 840 and 4 shirts and 5 trousers for

sh. 1.680. Form a matrix equation to represent the above information, Hence find the
cost of shirt and the cost of trouser. 1
(4 marks)
I
|1995 PPI No. 12|

A and B are two matrices. IfA = find B given that A2 =A + B. (4 marks)

6.
|1996 PP1 No. 11|

and AB= BC,determine the

value of p. (3 marks)
11997PP1 No.

8.A matrix A is given by A

(a) Determine A?. (1 mark)

(b)If A? = (1 0
determinethe possible pairs of values of x and y. (3 marks)

|1998PPI No. 7|

9.MatrixP
is given
by
(a)Find
P-.
(b)TTwo
(2 marks)
institutions, Elimuand Somo, purchased beans at sh. b per bag and maizeat
sh.m per bag.
Elimu purchased 8 bags of beans and 14 bags of maize for sh. 47,600,
Somo
ppurchased
()Form 10bags of beans and 16 bags of maize for sh. 57,400.
a
(i)Use matrix equation to represent the informationabove. (l mark)
the matrix Pl to find
(cy
The the prices ofone bag of each item. (3 marks)
price of
boughtthe
beans later went up by 5% and that of maize remaincd constant. Elimu
same same total amount of money
twoitems.quantityof
on the beans but spend the as before

State the new ratio of beans to maize. (2 marks)

|2000 PP No,23|

116 -
 10. Given that

the simultaneous
P

equation
and Q

below:
-) | find the matrix product PQ.
Hence,solve

2x - 3y = 5
-x + 2y =-3 (3mar
2001
PPI N
11. Determinethe inverse, T-l of the matrix T =
Hence findthe coordinates to the point at which the twolines x + 2y = 7 and x -
y=1
intersect. (4
rnart,
[2002
12. Given the simultaneous equations 5x + y = 19 PP2N

-X + 3y = 9
(a) Write the equations in matrix form. Hence solve the simultaneousequations. (Smo

(b) Find the distance of the point of intersection of a line 5x + y=19 and-x + 3y 0

from the point (11,-2). (3mat

12003
PP2No.I1
13. Use matrices to solve the simultaneous equations:
4x + 3y = 18 (3marts
5x - 2y = 11
12004 PP2Na.1

(2 3)
14. (a) Given that the matrix A = find A,the inverse of A. (I maid
(3 4

(b)Kantai bought 200 bags of sugarand 300 bags of rice fora total of sh. 850,000. Buya
bought 90 bags of sugar and 120 bagsof rice for a total of sh. 360,000. If the price of:
bag of sugar is sh. x and that of rice is sh.y,
()Form two equations to represent the information above. (2 mars

(ii) Use the matrix A to find the price of one bag of cach item. (2 marsg
(c) Kali bought 225 bags of sugarand 360 bags of rice. He was given a total discount of
sh.33,300. If the discount on the price of a bag of rice was 2%, calculate the percentage
discount on the price of a bag of sugar. (3 mar's
(2004 PP2 Na.

(9 8
15. (a) Find the inverse of the matrix (2 mars
(7 6)
(b) In a certain week a businessmanbought 36 bicycles and 32 radios for a total of

Ksh 227 280. In the following week, he bought 28 bicycles and 24 radios for a total
of
Ksh 174 960. Using matrix method,find the price of each bicycle and each radio that

he bought. (4mari

(c) In the third week, the price ofeach bicycle was reduced by 10% while the price at of

radio was raised by 10%. The businessmanbought as many bicycles and as many
as he had bought in the first two weeks.Find by matrix method, the total cost of the
bicycles and radios that the businessmanbought in the third week. (4marks
Na
PPI
|2007

(k 4 (1 2
16. Two matrices and B are such that A = B Given that the
(3
A
and

determinant of AB=4, find the value of k.

PPI
Na
[2008

-117
 A ,the inverse of matrix A
(2 marks)
()
)
Find
7.
bought 5 Physics books and6 Mathenmatics books
for a total of Ksh 2440.
i
(b) Okello
bought Physics books and 9 Mathematics books for a total
7 Ksh 3560. of

Fom a matrix equation to represent the above infornmation. (l mark)

) Use matrix method to find the price of a Physicsbook and that of a Mathematics
book. (3 marks)
\schoolbought
A:
36 Physics books and 50 Mathematics books. A discount of 5% was
(c)
allowedon each Physics book whereas a discount of 8% was allowed on each
Mothematicsbook. Calculatethe percentagediscounton the cost of all the books

bought. (4 marks)
[2010 PPI No. 19]

8.(a) The product of the

matrices and-1.5 -0.5)
is a singular matrix. Find
p-2)
the value ofp. (3 marks)
(b)A saleswoman carned a fixed salary of Kshx and a commission Ksh y for each item of

sold. In a certain month she sold 30 items and carned a total of Ksh 50 000. The
following month she sold 40 items and carned a total of Ksh 56 000.

(i) Formtwoequations in x andy (2 marks)

()Solvethe equations in (i) above using matrix method. (3 marks)
(ii) In the third month she earned Ksh 68 000. Find the number of itemssold. (2 marks)
(2011 PP1 No. 19)

9. Given and C=2AB -A'.Determine matrix C. (4 marks)

(2012 PPI No. 11]

0. A trader bought 2 cows and 9 goats for a total of Ksh 98 200. If she had bought 3 cows
and 4 goats she would have spent Ksh 2 200 less.
(a) Form two equations represent the above information. (2marks)
(b) Use matrix method to determine the cost of a cow and that of a goat.
(4 marks)
(c) The trader later sold the animals she had bought making a profit of 30% per cow and
40% per goat.
(i)Calculate the total amount of money she received. (2marks)
(i) Determine,correct to4 significant figures, the percentageprofit the trader made
from the sale of the animals.
(2 marks)
[2013 PP1 No. 19)

1. Twoshopkeepers, Juma and Wanjiku bought some items froma wholesaler. Juma bought 18
loaves of bread, 40 packets of milk and 5 bars of soap while Wanjiku bought 15 loaves of
bread, 30 packets of milk and 6
bars of soap.The prices of a loaf of bread,a packet of milk and
a bar of soap were Ksh 45, Ksh 50 and Ksh 150 respectively.
(a) Represent:

()number of items bought by Juma and Wanjiku using a 2x3matrix. (1 mark)

the

()the prices
of itemsbought using a 3xl matrix.

)
(1 mark)

b) Use the matrices in (a)above to determine the total expenditure incurred by each person
and hence the difference in their expenditure. (3 marks)
Juma and Wanjiku also bought rice and sugar. Juma bought 36 kg of rice and 23 kg of
SUgar and paid Ksh 8 160.Wanjiku bought 50 kg of rice and 32 kg of sugar and paid
Ksh 11340. Use the matrix method to determine the price of one kilogram of rice and
one kilogram of (5 marks)
sugar.
(2015PP1 No. 18]

118 -
 3 , find the values of x for which AB i

22. (a)Given that and

(I+1 2)
(4
singular matrix. matk
pens for a total of Ksh 165. If
books and 5
(b)Mambo bought 3 exercise
4 pens, he would have spentKsh 45 less

)
Mambo had bought 2 exercise books and
Taking to represent the price

Form two equations to represent

(1)Use matrix method to
of an exercise and y to represent the price
the above information.

find the price of an exercise

of 36 students bought 2 exercise

book and that of a pen.
books and pen for each
of a pen:

(3rrvats
(na

1
(ii) A teacher of a class
of money the teacher
paid for the books and pens, (21
Calculate the total amount (2017 PPI
N9,

23. Use matrix method to solve: 5x+3y =3

-4y = -8. (3marky

)
3x
(2018 PP1 No.
1
24. Given that A =(),B=( and that AB is a singular matrix, find the value

(3marks
ofy

[2019 PPI Na.le

31. FORMULAE
P
1. Makexthe subject of the formula N= (3marks)
(ax +bx)
[1989 PP2 Na.

x(n-x)
2. Make n the subject ofthe formula E = (3 mark
Vn-1
[1993 PPI No. 15

3.Make P the subject of the formula A = -EP (3 marks)

/P+N
(1994 PPI No. 14

4. The volume V cm' ofan object is givenby V = (3 marks)

Expressc in terms of n, r, s and V. [1995 PP1 No.

5. Make V the subject of the formulaT =-mu'-v²) (3 marks

4
PPI No,
[1996

b- bx?
6. Given that y= cx-a make x the subject. (3marks
No.
[1997PPI
7. Given that log y= log(10x"), maken the subject. (3marks
Na
[1998PPI

8.Make x the subject of the formula P= Z+ X

(4marks
Ih
PP2 Na.
(2000

-119
 oI the tormula:
S= W J22 (3 marks)
ke x the subjeet |2001 PPI No, 10]

oftthe formula: P = Xy (3 marks)

subject
ythe X-y
Make
10. [2002 PPI No. 3|

of the formula: T=xve' + d? (3 marks)

c thee subject
(2003 PP1 No. 31
Makke
I1.
bd
ofthe formula: a= (3 marks)
bthesubject
2.
Make Vb' -d)
[2004 PP2 No. 9]

Pthe subject of the formula P =(P-)P-) (3 marks)

13.
Make (2005 PP1 No. 10]

u Make s the subject of the formula /p=r-as2 (3 marks)

(2006 PP2 No. 2]

2x-Z
15. Given
that y = X+3Z
,express x in terms of y and z. (3 marks)

[2007 PP2 No. 2]

1+ rh
Make h the subject of the formula q = (2marks)
16.
1- ht
(2008 PP2 No. 2]

17. Make x the subject the equation: 3y = y+P (3 marks)

of
[2010 PP2 No. 14]

s+t
18. Make s the subject of the formula: W s
(3 marks)
(2011 PP2 No. 3]

19, Make n the subject the equation: = (3 marks)

of
Vn -1
[2012 PP2 No. 2]

1
s
Make dthe esubject of the formula, P=mn (3 marks)
10.
[2013 PP2 No. 3]

A1. Make s the subject of the formula: w= (3marks)

[2016PP2 No. 4]

2.Make t the 3d(t-d)

subject of s= (3 marks)
8
[2017 PP2 No. 6)

32. VARIATIONS
32.1 Direct, Inverse & Joint Variation
1.The
force attraction two bodies varies inversely as the square of the distance between
between
fhenthe distance
he
the
force
between them is 2 metres, the force of attraction is 0.5newtons. Find
when the distance between themis 0.4 metres. (2 marks)
[1989PP2 No. 6]

420 -