Disaster Nursing Objective Exam
Instructions: Select the best answer for each question.
1. What is a disaster?
a) A planned emergency response
b) A sudden event causing significant losses
c) A minor inconvenience
d) A localized problem with no widespread effects
2. Which of the following is a natural disaster?
a) Chemical spill
b) Earthquake
c) Industrial accident
d) Radiation leak
3. The Philippines is particularly prone to disasters due to its location along the:
a) Arctic Circle
b) Amazon Rainforest
c) Pacific Ring of Fire
d) Sahara Desert
4. Which of the following is an example of a technological disaster?
a) Typhoon
b) Tsunami
c) Chemical spill
d) Drought
5. What distinguishes an internal disaster from an external disaster?
a) Internal disasters occur within a community or institution
b) External disasters do not affect local infrastructure
c) Internal disasters are always caused by natural events
d) External disasters have no impact on healthcare facilities
6. Hydrometeorological disasters include:
a) Earthquakes
b) Volcanic eruptions
c) Landslides
d) Armed conflicts
7. What is the primary cause of geological disasters in the Philippines?
a) Human negligence
b) Industrialization
c) Location along tectonic plate boundaries
d) Overpopulation
8. Armed conflicts, industrial accidents, and environmental degradation are
classified as:
a) Natural disasters
b) Man-made disasters
c) Unavoidable hazards
d) Minor emergencies
9. Which of the following factors contribute to disaster vulnerability in the
Philippines?
a) Climate change
b) Population growth
c) Poor infrastructure
d) All of the above
10.What is the first phase of a disaster?
a) Recovery
b) Impact
c) Pre-disaster
d) Rescue
11.The mitigation phase includes:
a) Emergency response
b) Risk assessments and preparedness
c) Reconstruction
d) Evacuation
12.Early warning systems are part of which phase of a disaster?
a) Pre-disaster
b) Impact
c) Recovery
d) Rescue
13.The emergency phase focuses on:
a) Saving lives
b) Psychological counseling
c) Reconstruction efforts
d) Policy development
14.What is a primary goal of disaster preparedness?
a) Preventing all disasters
b) Ensuring rapid response and recovery
c) Eliminating risk completely
d) Avoiding responsibility
15.The recovery phase includes:
a) Immediate medical care
b) Long-term rebuilding and rehabilitation
c) Conducting risk assessments
d) Issuing early warnings
16.What organization provides the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
(UNISDR)?
a) World Health Organization
b) United Nations
c) Red Cross
d) International Nursing Association
17.The Hyogo Framework for Action focuses on:
a) Strengthening disaster preparedness
b) Conducting mass evacuations
c) Providing immediate medical care
d) Increasing military response to disasters
18.Which framework replaced the Hyogo Framework for Action?
a) Kyoto Protocol
b) Sendai Framework
c) Manila Agreement
d) Global Risk Assessment Framework
19.Site-specific hazard analysis is part of:
a) Risk Reduction Strategies
b) Immediate Response
c) Post-Disaster Relief
d) None of the above
20.Structural mitigation involves:
a) Policy changes
b) Strengthening buildings and infrastructure
c) Psychological counseling
d) Risk communication
21.The term “PACE Planning” stands for:
a) Prevention, Awareness, Crisis, Emergency
b) Primary, Alternate, Contingency, Emergency
c) Preparedness, Action, Crisis, Evaluation
d) Protection, Alert, Coordination, Evacuation
22.Triage is used to:
a) Treat only the critically ill
b) Prioritize patient care based on severity
c) Treat patients in order of arrival
d) Transfer all patients to hospitals
23.Patients tagged as RED in the START triage system require:
a) Immediate intervention
b) No medical attention
c) Psychological support only
d) Routine care
24.The term “walking wounded” refers to patients classified as:
a) RED
b) YELLOW
c) GREEN
d) BLACK
25.Expectant patients (BLACK tag) are those who:
a) Require immediate surgery
b) Have minor injuries
c) Are unlikely to survive
d) Need long-term care
26.Psychological First Aid (PFA) aims to:
a) Provide immediate emotional support
b) Prevent all psychological trauma
c) Replace medical treatment
d) Ignore mental health concerns
27.What is the role of the Psychological First Aider?
a) Diagnose psychiatric conditions
b) Provide immediate emotional support
c) Offer long-term counseling
d) Prescribe medication
28.What is a key factor in managing Mass Casualty Incidents (MCI)?
a) Triage and resource allocation
b) Avoiding patient history assessment
c) Treating all patients equally regardless of injury
d) Ignoring disaster communication
29.Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD) is used to:
a) Provide psychological support to responders
b) Train new medical personnel
c) Replace therapy
d) Ignore emotional well-being
30.Which of the following is NOT a preparedness competency for disaster nurses?
a) Ethical practice
b) Risk communication
c) Avoiding legal responsibility
d) Patient advocacy
31.Which of the following is an example of disaster rehabilitation?
a) Conducting search and rescue operations
b) Providing long-term mental health support
c) Issuing weather warnings
d) Evacuating communities
32.The primary purpose of an emergency shelter is to:
a) Provide immediate refuge
b) Serve as a permanent residence
c) Function as a hospital
d) Replace long-term housing
33.Nurses play a crucial role in disaster recovery by:
a) Conducting risk assessments
b) Providing medical and psychological support
c) Enforcing evacuation orders
d) Overseeing military operations
34.Which of the following is a key principle of disaster response?
a) Delaying medical treatment until the area is clear
b) Providing timely and effective emergency care
c) Prioritizing non-urgent cases first
d) Avoiding collaboration with other response teams
35.Which of the following is a legal consideration for nurses during disasters?
a) Ignoring patient consent
b) Understanding liability and scope of practice
c) Withholding medical care due to lack of resources
d) Refusing to treat patients with chronic conditions
36.In disaster situations, the role of the nurse includes:
a) Providing emergency medical care
b) Coordinating with disaster response teams
c) Educating the community on preparedness
d) All of the above
37.Which of the following is NOT a principle of disaster nursing ethics?
a) Justice
b) Beneficence
c) Negligence
d) Nonmaleficence
38.A nurse providing care in a disaster should prioritize:
a) Documentation over patient care
b) Patient safety and survival
c) Waiting for physician approval before treating patients
d) Personal comfort over duty
39.What is the purpose of a decontamination unit in disaster response?
a) To provide psychological counseling
b) To remove hazardous substances from patients
c) To serve as a triage center
d) To provide food and shelter
40.Which of the following is NOT a role of disaster nurses during the recovery
phase?
a) Rebuilding healthcare infrastructure
b) Providing ongoing medical support
c) Conducting mental health interventions
d) Enforcing evacuation orders
41.Which of the following describes the Sendai Framework’s priority?
a) Strengthening governance for disaster risk reduction
b) Eliminating all disasters
c) Prioritizing military response to disasters
d) Ignoring environmental factors
42.What is the primary purpose of mass casualty triage?
a) To identify patients needing immediate care
b) To treat all patients equally
c) To focus only on psychological needs
d) To transport all patients to hospitals immediately
43.In disaster nursing, what is the primary goal of rehabilitation?
a) Restoring normalcy in affected communities
b) Initiating evacuation procedures
c) Conducting search and rescue
d) Discontinuing medical care
44.What type of PPE is most essential when handling biological hazards in disaster
response?
a) Sunglasses and gloves
b) Full-body protective suits, gloves, and masks
c) Regular hospital scrubs
d) No protective equipment is necessary
45.Disaster nurses must be prepared to handle:
a) Physical trauma, mental health needs, and community health issues
b) Only emergency surgeries
c) Only minor injuries
d) Only administrative tasks
46.Which of the following best defines a mass casualty incident (MCI)?
a) Any event requiring police response
b) A disaster overwhelming local medical resources
c) A single-car accident with injuries
d) A planned evacuation drill
47.Ethical decision-making in disaster nursing is guided by principles of:
a) Autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice
b) Profit-making and efficiency
c) Delay and inaction
d) Avoiding responsibility
48.Nurses can help communities prepare for disasters by:
a) Conducting disaster drills and simulations
b) Providing training on first aid and CPR
c) Assisting in the development of emergency response plans
d) All of the above
49.The term "continuity of care" in disaster settings refers to:
a) Ensuring patients receive ongoing treatment after the disaster
b) Transferring patients to another country
c) Ignoring long-term healthcare needs
d) Stopping care once the immediate crisis is over
50.Disaster nurses must be prepared to handle:
a) Physical trauma, mental health needs, and community health issues
b) Only emergency surgeries
c) Only minor injuries
d) Only administrative tasks
51.Which of the following best describes disaster risk reduction (DRR)?
a) Focusing solely on disaster response
b) Minimizing vulnerabilities and strengthening resilience
c) Avoiding disaster-prone areas altogether
d) Leaving disaster response solely to government agencies
52.The primary role of nurses in disaster response includes:
a) Coordinating with community leaders
b) Providing medical care and psychological support
c) Conducting geological assessments
d) Enforcing evacuation protocols
53.Which of the following organizations is responsible for international disaster
response coordination?
a) World Health Organization (WHO)
b) International Red Cross
c) United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR)
d) All of the above
54.Which of the following is NOT a principle of disaster risk reduction?
a) Reducing vulnerabilities
b) Strengthening preparedness
c) Encouraging unplanned urbanization
d) Enhancing resilience
55.Which type of disaster is caused by human negligence or conflict?
a) Technological disasters
b) Geological disasters
c) Man-made disasters
d) Hydrometeorological disasters
56.Which phase of disaster management involves immediate life-saving
interventions?
a) Mitigation
b) Response
c) Recovery
d) Prevention
57.Which of the following is a key function of the Incident Command System (ICS) in
disaster response?
a) Assigning random tasks to volunteers
b) Organizing and coordinating response efforts
c) Ensuring only government agencies are involved
d) Avoiding structured leadership
58.The term "all-hazards approach" in disaster preparedness refers to:
a) Preparing for only one type of disaster
b) A flexible and scalable disaster management plan
c) Ignoring disasters that are unlikely to occur
d) Relying solely on international assistance
59.Which of the following is an important component of community disaster
preparedness?
a) Risk assessment
b) Public education and awareness
c) Evacuation planning
d) All of the above
60.Which of the following describes the primary goal of emergency medical triage?
a) Treating every patient equally, regardless of severity
b) Prioritizing care based on severity and survivability
c) Focusing on minor injuries first
d) Only providing care when resources are abundant
61.Which of the following is an essential component of disaster preparedness?
a) Ignoring early warning signs
b) Establishing an emergency response plan
c) Avoiding community involvement
d) Relying solely on government agencies
62.Which agency is responsible for disaster management in the Philippines?
a) WHO
b) FEMA
c) NDRRMC
d) Red Cross
63.Which of the following is the most effective way to reduce disaster risks?
a) Waiting until a disaster occurs before acting
b) Implementing proactive mitigation measures
c) Depending on international aid
d) Avoiding hazard-prone areas
64.What does an emergency operations center (EOC) do during a disaster?
a) Provides coordination and support for response efforts
b) Acts as a temporary shelter for victims
c) Serves as a distribution point for medical supplies
d) Functions only after a disaster is over
65.Which of the following is a long-term goal of disaster recovery?
a) Immediate rescue operations
b) Rebuilding infrastructure and restoring normalcy
c) Providing temporary food aid
d) Conducting initial damage assessments
66.Which factor increases community vulnerability to disasters?
a) Effective urban planning
b) Strong disaster policies
c) Poverty and lack of resources
d) Adequate healthcare facilities
67.Which of the following is a primary concern in post-disaster rehabilitation?
a) Economic recovery
b) Rebuilding infrastructure
c) Psychological support for survivors
d) All of the above
68.Which of the following is a best practice for effective disaster communication?
a) Using multiple communication channels
b) Spreading unverified information
c) Avoiding public engagement
d) Keeping information restricted to authorities only
69.Which international framework focuses on disaster risk reduction?
a) Kyoto Protocol
b) Sendai Framework
c) Paris Agreement
d) Geneva Convention
70.Which of the following is an example of a structural mitigation strategy?
a) Conducting community disaster education programs
b) Strengthening buildings against earthquakes
c) Encouraging early warning system use
d) Establishing emergency shelters
