(Face Clip Script)

Imagine a world where your data could defy the limits of space and time.
A place where your precious files, applications, and digital creations could reside
securely, ready to spring into action whenever you need them.
Welcome to a realm where storage isn't just a mundane necessity, but a portal
to endless possibilities. For suppose you're building a virtual server in the cloud,
commonly referred to as an EC2 instance on AWS. Now, this server needs
storage to store your data, operating system, applications, and more. This is
where Amazon EBS comes into play. Think of it as a highly flexible and scalable
hard drive in the cloud. It provides block-level storage that can be attached and
detached from your EC2 instances as needed.

In a nutshell, Amazon EBS is your go-to solution for reliable storage in the AWS
cloud. As you continue to explore AWS and build your cloud-based projects,
understanding how to leverage EBS will be a valuable skill.
So, Hello guys welcome back to Intellipaat YouTube channel. Today Through
this video, we are going to understand the intricate details of Elastic Block
Storage. But before we begin with that make sure to like this video if you
found it helpful, subscribe for more AWS insights, and hit that notification bell
so you don't miss any of our upcoming content from our team.

First of all, let’s have a look at the agenda that we have for this
particular session.

 What is EBS in AWS?

 How does it work’s?
 What are EBS volume types?

(PPT Part)
(Slide 1)
Let us start with the first topic of this session that is: What
exactly AWS EBS Is?
First, let’s understand the basic file system
*In simple terms, one physical volume will be divided into multiple
logical volumes. Like in your physical computer or desktop you can
see volumes of C drive
and D drive.

(Slide 3)

What is EBS?
Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) is like a virtual hard drive that you
can attach to a computer in the cloud. Just like how your computer
has storage for saving files, EBS provides storage for virtual machines
running on services like Amazon Web Services (AWS).

(Slide 4)
Just to make u understand let’s break it in simple terms
Think of EBS as a big box where you can keep all your important files
like images, videos, documents and more. Even you can run
programs from this box. It's like having a USB drive, but it's stored
securely on the internet instead of being physically plugged into your
computer. Plus, you can make copies of the box to keep your things
safe and even move the box around to different places for backup.
EBS makes sure your digital stuff is always available, even if there are
technical glitches. It's a bit like having a magic box that stores your
digital treasures and keeps them safe and ready whenever you need
them.

(Slide 5)
Now we will understand the concepts of EBS:

1. It is a raw unformatted block-level storage; It is exposed as raw

device as raw device to the EC2 instance. EBS provides storage for
virtual servers (EC2 instances)
2. The two entity should be in a same availability zone so that they
can be connected to each other or they should be in same data
center.

Mounted SSH/RDP

Attached
EBS EC2
Volume Instance

(Slide 6)
3.If the instance terminated or no use you can have the volume stay
over there, you can take this volume and link it to separate but in the
same availability zone. Suppose let’s go with an example (EC2) is
your friend, sometimes you want to switch to a new friend for various
reasons. Hers's where EBS comes in. EBS is like a storage box that
holds your stuff. Even if you switch to a new friend, you can take this
storage box with you. It's like carrying your favorite toys to your new
friend's house. just remember, both the storage box (EBS) and your
new friend (EC2 instance) should be in the same area.

4. EBS volumes persist independently from the life of the EC2

instance
5. An EBS volume is automatically replicated within an availability
zone
 Mounted SSH/RDP

Attached
EBS
Instance
Volume

EC2

Instance

Another
Instance

(Slide 7)
6. The data stored in Amazon s3 bucket in the backend which we
can’t see the process Let’s get this clear, Think of Amazon S3 as a
massive digital storage warehouse, tucked away in the technology
realm. When you use EBS, your data – like documents, pictures, and
videos – is stored in this virtual warehouse. It's like having a super
secure place to keep your valuable belongings, but instead of a
physical storage unit, it's all safely stored in this digital space.
7. You can back up the volume in the form of snapshots you have that
capability. Let’s understand this Think of snapshots as instant photos
of your work. You take these photos at different points to capture the
progress.
So, if something unexpected happens to your computer, you don't
lose your story. you can go back to any snapshot and continue writing
from there, like having multiple backup copies of your story. It's like
having a magical undo button that never lets you lose your work. with
snapshots, your data stays secure, and you can carry on writing your
digital story without worries.

EBS
Snapshots
Volume

Amazon S3 in
the backend

(Slide 8)
Now we will learn about the Snapshot Incremental Back up:
1. An incremental backup snapshot is a way of storing and
managing backup copies of your data in a more efficient manner.

1st snapshot
EBS volume
2nd snapshot 10 GIB
30 GIB
5 GIB
 3rd snapshot

S3
bucket
2.Initial Full Snapshot: The process begins with a complete
snapshot of your data. This snapshot captures the entire state of
your files, folders, or system at that specific point in time.
(Slide 9)
3.Subsequent Backups: After the full backup, subsequent backups
are taken periodically, such as daily or hourly. However, instead of
backing up all the data again, only the changes (or increments)
made since the last backup are saved.

4. This overall supports the low storage cost and faster backups

2. Imagine you take the first snapshot of your data, and it takes up
30GB of storage. After two days, you take another snapshot, and
this time it uses 10GB. Then, following that, after five more days,
you take a third snapshot, which uses 5GB of storage. The cool
thing here is that you're only charged for the additional storage
you used after each snapshot. they don't make you pay for the
entire 30GB again and again. Instead, they look at the extra
storage you added in each snapshot. It's like paying only for the
extra seats you added to a bus, not for the entire bus all over
again.
This way, you get to save on costs while keeping your backups
up-to-date. So, your bill reflects the actual data you've added,
without making you buy space you've already paid for in the
earlier snapshots.

5. If u extract the volumes that will be followed by 3rd, 2nd, & 1st.
Let's break it down with an example:
You create the 1st snapshot. Then, you change some things in
your data. Next, you take the 2nd snapshot. Again, you make
 more changes before the 3rd snapshot. When you restore using
the 3rd snapshot, it doesn't just revert to the 3rd point – it brings
back the data as it was after the 1st, then after the 2nd, and
finally after the 3rd snapshot.

6. Snapshot are made to use effective backup your data, even from
natural disaster.
(Slide 10)
Now let’s understand what are the volume type and why would
you want to use different volume types in Amazon Elastic Block
Store (EBS)?
Volume types in Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) refer to different
kinds of virtual storage that you can attach to your virtual machines
(EC2 instances) on Amazon Web Services (AWS).
Each volume type has its own characteristics, like performance,
speed, and cost, which make them suitable for specific use cases.
(Slide 11)

(GP): General Purpose SSD

1. Designed for balanced performance and cost.

2. Suitable for a wide range of workloads, including small to
medium-sized databases, development/test environments, and
boot volumes.
3. Offers baseline performance with the ability to burst to higher
levels for short periods
4. Base performance is 3 IOPS/GB with a min. of 100, IOPS and a
max. of 10000 IOPS.
5. Max. burst performance is 3000 IOPS.
6. Max. throughput per volume is 160 M/s (16 KB IO size)
(IO1): Provisioned IOPS SSD

1. Designed for high-performance workloads that require consistent

and low-latency I/O operations.
2. Offers customizable input/output operations per second (IOPS)
performance to meet specific application needs.
3. Used for high-performance databases, critical applications, and
applications that require predictable performance.
4. From 100 to 32000 IOPS can be provisioned
5. Max. throughput per volume is 500 MB/s
(Slide 12)

General Provisioned IOPS SSD volumes

Purpose SSD
volumes

Volume gp3 gp2 io2Block io2 io1

type Express ‡

Durabilit 99.8% - 99.9% 99.999% durability 99.8% -

y durability (0.1% (0.001% annual 99.9%
- 0.2% annual failure rate) durabilit
failure rate) y (0.1%
- 0.2%
annual
failure
rate)

Use  Transactional Workloads  Workloads that

cases workloads that require sustained
 General Provisioned IOPS SSD volumes
Purpose SSD
volumes

 Virtual require: IOPS performance

desktops or more than
 Sub-
 Medium-sized, 16,000 IOPS
millisecond
single-instance  I/O-intensive
latency
databases database
 Sustained
 Low-latency workloads
IOPS
interactive
performan
applications
ce
 Boot volumes
 More than
 Development
64,000
and test
IOPS or
environments
1,000
MiB/s of
throughput

Volume 1 GiB - 16 TiB 4 GiB - 64 4 GiB - 16 TiB

size TiB

Max IOPS 16,000 256,000 64,000 †

per
volume (1
6 KiB I/O)

Max 1,00 250 4,000 1,000 MiB/s †

throughp 0 MiB/s MiB/s
ut per MiB/s *
volume

Amazon Not supported Supported

EBS
Multi-
attach
 General Provisioned IOPS SSD volumes
Purpose SSD
volumes

Boot Supported
volume

(Slide 13)

(ST1): Throughput Optimized HDD

1.Designed for workloads that require high throughput and large,

sequential I/O operations.
2.Suitable for streaming workloads, big data, data warehouses, and
log processing.
3. Baseline performance is 40 MB/s per TP with a max. of 500 MB/s
per volume
4. Burst performance is 250 MB/s per TB with a max of 500 MB/s per
volume

(Slide 14)

(SC 1): Cold HDD

1. Designed for less frequently accessed workloads with large data

volumes.
2. Offers low-cost storage for data that is accessed infrequently.
3. Baseline performance is 12 MB/s per TP with a max. of 192
MB/s per volume
4. Burst performance is 80 MB/s per TB with a max of 250 MB/s
per volume

Throughput Cold HDD volumes

Optimized HDD
volumes

Volume type st1 sc1

Durability 99.8% - 99.9% durability (0.1% - 0.2% annual

failure rate)

Use cases  Big data  Throughput-oriented

 Data warehouses storage for data that is
 Log processing infrequently accessed
 Scenarios where the
lowest storage cost is
important

Volume size 125 GiB - 16 TiB

Max IOPS per 500 250

volume (1 MiB
I/O)

Max 500 MiB/s 250 MiB/s

throughput per
volume

Amazon EBS Not supported

Multi-attach

Boot volume Not supported

(Slide 15)
 (Hands-On Part)
Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) in the AWS Management
Console.

Step 1: Create an EBS Volume

1. Log in to your AWS Management Console.

2. Navigate to the "EC2" service.
3. In the left navigation pane, click on "Volumes" under "Elastic
Block Store."
4. Click the "Create Volume" button.
5. Choose your desired settings for the volume:
6. Volume Type: Choose the appropriate volume type based on
your needs.
7. Size: Specify the size of the volume in gibibytes (GiB).
8. Availability Zone: Select the availability zone where your EC2
instance is located.
9. Click "Create Volume."

(Slide 16)

Step 2: Attach the EBS Volume to an EC2 Instance

1. In the "Volumes" dashboard, find the newly created volume.

2. Right-click on the volume and choose "Attach Volume."
3. Select the EC2 instance you want to attach the volume to.
4. Specify the device name, for example, "/dev/sdf".
5. Click "Attach."

(Slide 17)
 Step 3: Connect to the EC2 Instance

1. Connect to your EC2 instance using SSH or RDP, depending on

the instance's operating system.
2. Run the following command to see the attached volume

(In voice over)

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