R22 B.

TECH ECE
III YEAR SYLLABUS
 COURSE STRUCTURE
III – Year I Semester
S.No Course Code Course Title L T P C
1. 22EC3111 Microcontrollers 3 1 0 4
2. 22EC3112 Data Communications and Networks 3 0 0 3
3. 22EC3113 Control Systems 3 1 0 4
4. 22EC3114 Antenna and Wave Propagation 3 0 0 3
5 Professional Elective-I
22EC3171 Cellular & Mobile Communications
22EC3172 Machine Learning and Computer Vision
Applications 3 0 0 3
22EC3173 Electronic Measurements and
Instrumentation
6. 22EC3151 Microcontrollers Lab 0 0 2 1
7. 22EC3152 Digital System Design through Verilog 0 0 2 1
Lab
8. 22EC3153 Data Communications and Networks Lab 0 0 2 1
9. 22MC0005 Intellectual Property Rights 3 0 0 0
Total 18 2 6 20

III – Year II Semester

S.No Course Code Course Title L T P C
1. 22MB3211 Business Economics and Financial Analysis 3 0 0 3
2. 22EC3211 Digital Signal Processing 3 0 0 3
3. 22EC3212 CMOS VLSI design 3 0 0 3
4. Professional Elective-II
22EC3271 Computer Organization & Operating Systems
22EC3272 Data Science and Data Analytics 3 0 0 3
22EC3273 Network Security and Cryptography
5. Open Elective - I 3 0 0 3
6. 22EC3251 Digital Signal Processing Lab 0 0 2 1
7 22EC3252 CMOS VLSI-design Lab 0 0 2 1
8 22HS3251 Advanced English Communication Skills lab 0 0 2 1
9 22EC3281 Industrial Oriented Mini Project 0 0 4 2
10 22MC0002 Environmental Science* 3 0 0 0
Total 18 0 10 20

*Note: Environmental Science in III year II sem should be registered by lateral entry students only
 22EC3111: MICROCONTROLLERS

B.Tech. III Year I Sem. LTPC

3104
Course Objectives:
1. To familiarize the architecture of microprocessors and microcontrollers.
2. To develop assembly language programming of 8086 using various modes and instructions
3. To understand 8051 microcontrollers and its real time applications.
4. To provide the knowledge about interfacing techniques of bus & memory.
5. To understand the concepts of ARM processors and instruction set.

Course Outcomes: Upon completing this course, the student will be able
1. To understand the internal architecture, organization and assembly language programming of
8086 processors.
2. To apply the knowledge of instruction set and assembly language programming of 8086
processors.
3. To understand the internal architecture, organization and assembly language programming of
8051 microcontrollers.
4. To extend the knowledge of interfacing using 8051
5. To understand the internal architecture and functional description of ARM processor

UNIT -I:
8086 Architecture: 8086 Architecture-Functional diagram, Register Organization, Memory
Segmentation, Programming Model, Memory addresses, Physical Memory Organization,
Architecture of 8086, Signal descriptions of 8086, interrupts of 8086.

UNIT -II:
Instruction Set and Assembly Language Programming of 8086: Maximum mode and
minimum mode, Instruction formats, Addressing modes, Instruction Set, Assembler Directives,
Macros, and Simple Programs involving Logical, Branch and Call Instructions, Sorting, String
Manipulations.

UNIT –III:
Introduction to Microcontrollers: Overview of 8051 Microcontroller, Architecture, I/O Ports,
Memory Organization, Addressing Modes and Instruction set of 8051.
8051 Real Time Control: Programming Timer Interrupts, Programming External Hardware
Interrupts, Programming the Serial Communication Interrupts, Programming 8051 Timers and
Counters
 UNIT –IV:
I/O And Memory Interface: LCD, Keyboard, External Memory RAM, ROM Interface, ADC,
DAC Interface to 8051.
Serial Communication and Bus Interface: Serial Communication Standards, Serial Data
Transfer Scheme, On board Communication Interfaces-I2C Bus, SPI Bus, UART; External
Communication Interfaces-RS232, USB.

UNIT – V:
ARM Architecture: ARM Processor fundamentals, ARM Architecture – Register, CPSR,
Pipeline, exceptions and interrupts interrupt vector table, ARM instruction set – Data
processing, Branch instructions, load store instructions, Software interrupt instructions,
Program status register instructions, loading constants, Conditional execution, Introduction to
Thumb instructions, Introduction to Cortex processor.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Advanced Microprocessors and Peripherals – A. K. Rayand K. M. Bhurchandani,
TMH, 2nd Edition 2006.
2. ARM System Developers guide, Andrew N SLOSS, Dominic SYMES, Chris
WRIGHT, Elsevier, 2012

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. The 8051 Microcontroller, Kenneth. J. Ayala, Cengage Learning, 3 rd Ed,2004.
2. Microprocessors and Interfacing, D. V. Hall, TMGH, 2 nd Edition2006.
3. The 8051 Microcontrollers, Architecture and Programming and Applications -K.
Uma Rao, Andhe Pallavi, Pearson, 2009
 22EC3112:DATA COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS
B.Tech. III Year I semester LTPC
3003
Pre-requisite: Digital Communications

Course Objectives:
1. To introduce the Fundamentals of data communication networks
2. To demonstrate the Functions of various protocols of Data link layer.
3. To demonstrate Functioning of various Routing protocols.
4. To introduce the Functions of various Transport layer protocols.
5. To understand the significance of application layer protocols

Course Outcomes: Upon completing this course, the student will be able to
1. Know the Categories and functions of various Data communication Networks
2. Design and analyze various error detection techniques.
3. Demonstrate the mechanism of routing the data in network layer
4. Know the significance of various Flow control and Congestion control Mechanisms
5. Know the Functioning of various Application layer Protocols.

UNIT - I:
Introduction to Data Communications: Components, Data Representation, Data Flow,
Networks- Distributed Processing, Network Criteria, Physical Structures, Network Models,
Categories of Networks Inter connection of Networks, The Internet-A Brief History, The Internet
Today, Protocol and Standards -Protocols, Standards, Standards Organizations, Internet
Standards. Network Models, Layered Tasks, OSI model, Layers in OSI model, TCP/IP Protocol
Suite.

UNIT - II:
Data Link Layer: Links, Access Networks, and LANs- Introduction to the Link Layer, The
Services Provided by the Link Layer, Types of errors, Redundancy, Detection vs Correction,
Forward error correction Versus Retransmission Error-Detection and Correction Techniques,
Parity Checks, Check summing Methods, Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) , Framing, Flow
Control and Error Control protocols , Noisy less Channels and Noisy Channels, HDLC, Multiple
Access Protocols, Random Access ,ALOHA, Controlled access, Channelization Protocols.
Introduction to 802.11 architecture a-g, IEEE 802.11 Frame

UNIT - III:
The Network Layer: Introduction, Forwarding and Routing, Network Service Models, Virtual
Circuitand Datagram Networks-Virtual-Circuit Networks, Datagram Networks, Origins of VC
and DatagramNetworks, Inside a Router-Input Processing, Switching, Output Processing,
Queuing, The Routing Protocol, The Internet Protocol(IP):Forwarding and Addressing in the
Internet-Datagram format, Ipv4 Addressing, Internet Control Message Protocol(ICMP),IPv6
 UNIT - IV:
Transport Layer: Introduction and Transport Layer Services : Relationship Between Transport
and Network Layers, Overview of the Transport Layer in the Internet, Multiplexing and
Demultiplexing, Connectionless Transport: UDP-UDP Segment Structure, UDP Checksum,
Principles of Reliable Data Transfer-Building a Reliable Data Transfer Protocol, Pipelined
Reliable Data Transfer Protocols, Go-Back-N(GBN), Selective Repeat(SR), Connection Oriented
Transport: TCP - The TCP Connection, TCP Segment Structure, Round Trip Time Estimation
and Timeout, Reliable Data Transfer, Flow control, TCP Connection Management, Principles of
Congestion Control-The Cause and the Costs of Congestion, Approaches to Congestion Control

UNIT - V:
Application Layer: Principles of Networking Applications – Network Application
Architectures, Processes Communicating, Transport Services Available to Applications,
Transport Services Provided by the File Transfer: FTP,- FTP Commands and Replies, Electronic
Mail in the Internet- STMP, Comparison with HTTP, DNS-The Internet’s Directory Service –
Service Provided by DNS, Overview of How DNS Works, DNS Records and messages.

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Computer Networking A Top-Down Approach–Kurose James F,KeithW, 6th
Edition, Pearson.
2. Data Communications and Networking Behrouz A. Forouzan 4 Edition McGraw-
Hill Education

REFERENCES:
1. Data communication and Networks - Bhusan Trivedi, Oxford university press, 2016.
2. Computer Networks -- Andrew S Tanenbaum, 4th Edition, Pearson Education Understanding
Communications and Networks, 3rd Edition, W. A. Shay, Cengage Learning
 22EC3113: CONTROL SYSTEMS

B.Tech. III Year I Sem. L T P C

3 1 0 4

Pre-requisites: Signals and Systems

Course objectives:
The main objectives of the course is to

1. Analyze closed-loop control systems for stability and steady-state performance

2. Learn the type of System, dynamics of physical systems, classification of control system, analysis and
design objective.
3. Understand the different ways of system representations such as Transfer function representation and
state space representations and to assess the system dynamic response and assess the system performance
using time domain analysis.
4. Assess the system performance using frequency domain analysis and techniques for improving the
performance
5. Design various controllers and compensators to improve system performance

Course Outcomes: At the end of this course, students will demonstrate the ability to
1. Identify open and closed loop control systems.
2. Formulate mathematical model for physical systems
3. Use standard test signals to identify performance characteristics of first and second-order systems.
4. Apply root locus technique for stability analysis.
5. Analyze performance characteristics of system using Frequency response methods

UNIT-I:
Introduction: Concepts of Control Systems- Open loop and closed loop control systems and their differences-
Different examples of control systems- Classification of control systems, Feed- Back characteristics, Effects of
feedback. Mathematical models – Differential equations - Impulse Response and transfer functions – Electrical
systems. Block diagram algebra and system representations – Signal flow graphs - Mason’s gain formula.
Introduction of Servo motors.

UNIT-II:
Time Response Analysis: Standard test signals - Time response of first order systems – Characteristic
Equation of Feedback control systems, Transient response of second order systems
- Time domain specifications – Steady state response - Steady state errors and error constants – Effects
of proportional derivative, proportional integral systems, PID system

UNIT-III:
Stability Analysis: The concept of stability - Routh stability criterion – qualitative stability and conditional
stability. Root Locus Technique: The root locus concept - construction of root locus-Root locus analysis.

Frequency domain Analysis: Introduction, Frequency domain specifications-Bode diagrams- Determination of

Frequency domain specifications and transfer function from the Bode Diagram-Phase margin and Gain margin-
Stability Analysis from Bode Plots.
 UNIT-IV:
Stability Analysis In Frequency Domain: Polar Plots, Nyquist Plots and applications of Nyquistcriterion to find
the stability - Effects of adding poles and zeros to G(s)H(s) on the shape of the Nyquist diagrams.

Compensation techniques – Lag, Lead, and Lead Lag Controllers design in frequency Domain.

UNIT-V:
State Space Analysis of Continuous Systems: Concepts of state, state variables and state model, derivation of
state models from block diagrams, Diagonalization- Solving the Time invariant stateEquations- State Transition
Matrix and its Properties. Controllability and Observability.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Control Systems Engineering, I. J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, 5th edition, New Age International (P)
Limited, Publishers, 2009.
2. Automatic Control Systems, B. C. Kuo, 8th edition, John wiley and sons, 2003.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Control Systems, N. K. Sinha, 3rd Edition,New Age International (P) Limited Publishers, 1998.
2. Problems and solutions of control systems with essential theory, A.K Jairath, 5 th Edition, CBS
Publishers & Distributors, 2015.
 22EC3114: ANTENNAS AND WAVE PROPAGATION
B.Tech. III Year I Sem. LTPC
3003

Course Objectives: The course objectives are:

1. To understand the concept of radiation, antenna definitions and significance of antenna
parameters, to derive and analyze the radiation characteristics of thin wire dipole antennas
and solve numerical problems.
2. To analyze the characteristics and design relations of UHF, VHF and Microwave Antennas.
3. To identify the antenna array requirements, to determine the characteristics of ULAs and
estimate the patterns of BSA, EFA, and Binomial Arrays.
4. To understand the concepts and set-up requirements for microwave measurements, and
familiarize with the procedure to enable antenna measurements.
5. To define and distinguish between different phenomenon of wave propagation (ground
wave, space wave and sky wave), their frequency dependence, and estimate their
characteristics, identifying their profiles and parameters involved.

Course Outcomes: Upon completing this course, the student will be able to
1. Explain the mechanism of radiation, definitions of different antenna characteristic
parameters and establish their mathematical relations.
2. Characterize the antennas based on frequency, configure the geometry and establish the
radiation patterns of VHF, UHF and Microwave antennas.
3. Carry out the Linear Array Analysis, estimate the array factor and characteristics and
sketch the pattern for 2-element array, N-element BSA, EFA, modified EFA, Binomial
Arrays.
4. Specify the requirements for microwave measurements and arrange a setup to carryout
the antenna far zone pattern and gain measurements in the laboratory.
5. Classify the different wave propagation mechanisms, determine the characteristic features
of different wave propagations, and estimate the parameters involved.

UNIT - I
Antenna Basics: Basic Antenna Parameters – Patterns, Beam Area, Radiation Intensity, Beam
Efficiency, Directivity-Gain-Resolution, Antenna Apertures, Effective Height. Fields from
Oscillating Dipole, FieldZones, Front - to-back Ratio, Antenna Theorems, Radiation, Retarded
Potentials – Helmholtz Theorem, Thin Linear Wire Antennas – Radiation from Small Electric
Dipole, Quarter Wave Monopole and Half Wave Dipole – Current Distributions, Field
Components, Radiated Power, Radiation Resistance, Beam Width, Directivity, Effective Area and
Effective Height, Natural Current Distributions, Far Fields and Patterns of Thin Linear Centre-fed
Antennas of Different Lengths.
Loop Antennas - Small Loop, Comparison of Far Fields of Small Loop and Short Dipole,
Radiation Resistances and Directivities of Small Loops (Qualitative Treatment).

UNIT - II
Antenna Arrays: Point Sources – Definition, Patterns, arrays of 2 Isotropic Sources - Different
Cases, Principle of Pattern Multiplication, Uniform Linear Arrays – Broadside Arrays, Endfire
Arrays, EFA with Increased Directivity, Derivation of their Characteristics and Comparison, BSAs
with Non-uniform Amplitude Distributions – General Considerations and Binomial Arrays.
Arrays with Parasitic Elements, Folded Dipoles and their Characteristics, Yagi-Uda Array

UNIT - III:
VHF, UHF and Microwave Antennas: Helical Antennas – Helical Geometry, Helix Modes,
Practical Design Considerations for Monofilar Helical Antenna in Axial and Normal Modes, Horn
Antennas – Types, Fermat’s Principle, Optimum Horns, Design Considerations of Pyramidal
Horns. Paraboloidal Reflectors – Geometry and general properties of parabola, Patterns of large
circular aperture with uniform illumination, Feed Methods, Reflector Types – Related problems

UNIT - IV
Microstrip Antennas– Introduction, Features, Advantages and Limitations, Rectangular Patch
Antennas – Geometry and Parameters, Radiation pattern and feed methods.
Antenna Measurements: Introduction, Concepts - Reciprocity, Near and Far Fields, Coordinate
System, Sources of Errors. Patterns to be Measured, Directivity Measurement, Gain Measurements
(by Comparison, Absolute and 3-Antenna Methods).

UNIT - V:
Wave Propagation - Definitions, Categorizations and General Classifications, Different Modes of
Wave Propagation, Ray/Mode Concepts,
Ground Wave Propagation –Plane Earth Reflections, Space and Surface Waves, Wave Tilt,
Curved Earth Reflections.
Space Wave Propagation –Field Strength Variation with Distance and Height, Effect of Earth’s
Curvature, Absorption, Super Refraction, M-Curves and Duct Propagation, Scattering Phenomena,
Troposphere Propagation.
Sky Wave Propagation –Structure of Ionosphere, Refraction and Reflection of Sky Waves by
Ionosphere, Ray Path, Critical Frequency, MUF, LUF, OF, Virtual Height and Skip Distance,
Relation between MUF and Skip Distance, Multi-hop Propagation.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Antennas and Wave Propagation – J.D. Kraus, R.J. Marhefka and Ahmad S. Khan,
TMH, NewDelhi, 4th ed., 2010. (Special Indian Edition)
2. Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems – E.C. Jordan and K.G. Balmain, PHI,
2nd ed., 2000.
3. Antenna Theory- C.A. Balanis, John Wiley & Sons, 2nd ed., 2001.

REFERENCES BOOKS
1. Antennas and Wave Propagation – K.D. Prasad, Satya Prakashan, Tech India Publications,
NewDelhi, 2001
 22EC3171: CELLULAR AND MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
(Professional Elective-I)

B.Tech III Year I Semester LTPC

3 - - 3

Prerequisite: Basic Communications

Course Objectives:
The course objectives are:
1. To provide the student with an understanding of the Cellular concept, Frequency reuse, Hand-
off strategies.
2. To enable the student to analyze and understand wireless and mobile cellular communication
systems over a stochastic fading channel
3. To provide the student with an understanding of Co-channel and Non- Co-channel
interferences
4. To know the concepts of the cell coverage for signal and Traffic diversity techniques and
mobile antennas.
5. To know the concepts of the frequency management, Channel assignment and types of handoff.

Course Outcomes: Upon completing this course, the student will be able to
1. Familiar with fundamental concepts of mobile cellular systems and its Generations, coverage and
capacity in cellular systems.
2. Understand Co-channel and Non-Co channel Interference.
3. Understand the fundamental techniques to extend the cell coverage and handling of traffic
4. Understand frequency management, Channel assignment
5. Understand the types of Handoff Techniques.

UNIT -I:
Introduction to Cellular Mobile Radio Systems: Limitations of Conventional Mobile Telephone
Systems, Basic Cellular Mobile System, First, Second, Third and Fourth Generation Cellular
Wireless Systems, Uniqueness of Mobile Radio Environment- Fading Time Dispersion Parameters,
Coherence Bandwidth, Doppler Spread and Coherence Time.
Fundamentals of Cellular Radio System Design: Concept of Frequency Reuse, Co Channel
Interference, Co-Channel Interference Reduction Factor, Desired C/I From a Normal Case in a Omni
Directional Antenna System, System Capacity, Trunking and Grade of Service, Improving Coverage
and Capacity in Cellular Systems- Cell Splitting, Sectoring, Microcell Zone Concept.

UNIT –II
Co-Channel Interference: Measurement Of Real Time Co-Channel Interference, Design of Antenna
System, Antenna Parameters and Their Effects, Diversity Techniques-Space Diversity, Polarization
Diversity, Frequency Diversity, Time Diversity.
Non-Co-Channel Interference: Adjacent Channel Interference, Near End Far End Interference,
Cross Talk, Effects on Coverage and Interference by Power Decrease, Antenna Height Decrease,
Effects of Cell Site Components.
UNIT -III:
Cell Coverage for Signal and Traffic: Signal Reflections in Flat and Hilly Terrain, Effect of
Human Made Structures, Phase Difference between Direct and Reflected Paths, Constant Standard
Deviation, Straight Line Path Loss Slope, General Formula for Mobile Propagation over Water And
Flat Open Area, Near and Long Distance Propagation, Path Loss from a Point to Point Prediction
Model in Different Conditions, Merits of Lee Model.
Cell Site and Mobile Antennas: Space Diversity Antennas, Umbrella Pattern Antennas, Minimum
Separation of Cell Site Antennas, Mobile Antennas.

UNIT -IV:
Frequency Management and Channel Assignment: Numbering and Grouping, Setup Access And
Paging Channels, Channel Assignments to Cell Sites and Mobile Units, Channel Sharing and
Borrowing, Sectorization, Overlaid Cells, Non Fixed Channel Assignment.

UNIT -V:
Handoffs and Dropped Calls: Handoff Initiation, Types of Handoff, Delaying Handoff, Advantages
Of Handoff, Power Difference Handoff, Forced Handoff, Mobile Assisted and Soft Handoff,
Intersystem Handoff, Introduction to Dropped Call Rates and their Evaluation.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Mobile Cellular Telecommunications – W.C.Y. Lee, Mc Graw Hill, 2nd Edn. 1989.
2. Wireless Communications - Theodore. S. Rapport, Pearson Education, 2nd
Edn. 2002.
3. Mobile Cellular Communication - Gottapu sashibhushana Rao, Pearson, 2012.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1 Principles of Mobile Communications – Gordon L. Stuber, Springer International, 2nd Edn.
2001.
2 Modern Wireless Communications-Simon Haykin, Michael Moher, Pearson Education, 2005.
3 Wireless Communications Theory and Techniques, Asrar U. H.Sheikh, Springer, 2004.
4 Wireless Communications and Networking, Vijay Garg, Elsevier Publications, 2007.
5 Wireless Communications – Andrea Goldsmith, Cambridge University Press, 2005.
 22EC3172: MACHINE LEARNING AND COMPUTER VISION APPLICATIONS

B.Tech. III Year I Sem. L T P C

3 - - 3

Course Objectives:
1. To prepare students for career in computer science & engineering where knowledge of
AI & ML techniques leading to the advancement of research and technology.
2. Identify problems where artificial intelligence techniques are applicable.
3. To explore the use of Genetic algorithms and Reinforcement learning.
4. Judge applicability of more advanced techniques.
5. Participate in the design of systems that act intelligently and learn from experience.

Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course the students will be able to
1. Analyze the supervised learning algorithms and theory of Machine learning
2. Characterize the unsupervised learning algorithms
3. Model the concepts of Artificial Neural Networks
4. Infer Genetic algorithms and Reinforcement learning.
5. Discuss the concepts of image processing and computer vision with its applications

UNIT I
INTRODUCTION TO MACHINE LEARNING: Types of machine learning, application of
machine learning.
Supervised Learning: Regression-Linear-Simple, Multiple, Logistic Regression--Case Study
Classification- Naive Bayes Classifier, k-NN classifier, Support Vector Machines -Linear, Non
Linear--Case Study

UNIT II
Decision Trees-ID3 (Iterative Dichotomiser3), Random forest, Ensemble methods- Bagging,
Boosting, Stacking--Case Study
UNSUPERVISED LEARNING: Measures of Distance, Clustering: K-means, Hierarchical
Clustering: Agglomerative and Divisive--Case Study

UNIT III
Artificial Neural Networks– Introduction, neural network representation, appropriate problems
for neural network learning, perceptions, multilayer networks and the back-propagation algorithm,
Remarks on the Back-Propagation algorithm--Case Study

UNIT IV
Genetic Algorithms – Motivation, Genetic algorithms, an illustrative example
Reinforcement Learning – Introduction, the learning task, Q–learning, non-deterministic,
rewards andactions, temporal difference learning, an illustrative example
UNIT V
Introduction to Image Processing – Digital Image Representation, Image types
Introduction to CV – Image formation: Geometric primitives and transformations, photometric
image formation
Computer Vision Applications - Self driving cars, Pedestrian detection, X-Ray Analysis

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Artificial Intelligence A Modern Approach, Third Edition, Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig,
Pearson Education.
2. Machine Learning –Tom M. Mitchell,- Tata McGraw-Hill
3. Computer Vision Algorithms & Applications, Richard Szeliski, Springer.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. S.Rajasekaran, G.A.Vijayalakshmi Pai, "Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic
Algorithm, Synthesis and Applications ", PHI Learning Pvt.Ltd., 2017.

2. “Reinforcement Learning Algorithms: Analysis and Applications,” Boris Belousov, Hany

Abdul samad, Pascal Klink, Simone Parisi, and Jan Peters First Edition, Springer 2021.

3. 3. Digital Image Processing Using MATLAB, Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E. Woods and
Steven L. Eddins, 2004.
 22EC3173: ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION
(Professional Elective–I)
B.Tech III Year I Semester L T P C
Course Objectives: 3 - - 3
1. To understand the various measuring systems functions and metrics for performance
analysis.
2. To understand the principle of operation and working of different electronic instruments.
3. To understand the construction and principle of operation of different electronic
instruments via oscilloscope and special purpose oscilloscopes.
4. To understand the working principles of various transducers
5. To aware students how to use bridges to measure resistance, capacitance, and inductance
using various measuring techniques.
Course Outcomes: On completion of this course student can be able to
1. Understand and identify the various electronic instruments based on their specifications for
carrying out a particular task of measurement..
2. Analyze various types of signal generators and signal analyzers for generating and
analyzing various real time signals.
3. Analyze different types of oscilloscopes and acquire the knowledge of measuring parameters of
different real time signals.
4. Measure various physical parameters by appropriately selecting the transducers.
5. Understand about bridges for the measurement of resistance, capacitance and inductance and
also can learn how all the physical parameters can be measured.

UNIT - I
Block Schematics of Measuring Systems: Performance Characteristics, Static Characteristics,
Accuracy, Precision, Resolution, Types of Errors, Gaussian Error, Root Sum Squares formula,
Dynamic Characteristics, Repeatability, Reproducibility, Fidelity, Lag; Measuring Instruments:
DC Voltmeters, D’ Arsonval Movement, DC Current Meters, AC Voltmeters and Current Meters,
Ohmmeters, Multi meters, Meter Protection, Extension of Range, True RMS Responding
Voltmeters, Specifications of Instruments.
UNIT - II
Signal Analyzers: AF, HF Wave Analyzers, Harmonic Distortion, Heterodyne wave Analyzers,
Spectrum Analyzers, Power Analyzers, Capacitance-Voltage Meters, Oscillators. Signal
Generators: AF, RF Signal Generators, Sweep Frequency Generators, Pulse and Square wave
Generators, Function Generators, Arbitrary Waveform Generator, Video Signal Generators, and
Specifications
 UNIT - III
Oscilloscopes: CRT, Block Schematic of CRO, Time Base Circuits, Lissajous Figures, CRO Probes,
High Frequency CRO Considerations, Delay lines, Applications: Measurement of Time, Period and
Frequency Specifications.
Special Purpose Oscilloscopes: Dual Trace, Dual Beam CROs, Sampling Oscilloscopes, Storage
Oscilloscopes, Digital Storage CROs.
UNIT - IV
Transducers: Classification, Strain Gauges, Bounded, unbounded; Force and Displacement
Transducers, Resistance Thermometers, Hotwire Anemometers, LVDT, Thermocouples, Synchros,
Special Resistance Thermometers, Digital Temperature sensing system, Piezoelectric Transducers,
Variable Capacitance Transducers, Magneto Strictive Transducers.
UNIT - V
Bridges: Wheat Stone Bridge, Kelvin Bridge, and Maxwell Bridge.
Measurement of Physical Parameters: Flow Measurement, Displacement Meters, Liquid level
Measurement, Measurement of Humidity and Moisture, Velocity, Force, Pressure – High Pressure,
Vacuum level, Temperature -Measurements, Data Acquisition Systems.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation – K. Lal Kishore, Pearson Education 2010.
nd
2. Electronic Instrumentation: H. S. Kalsi – McGraw Hill Education, 2 Edition2004.

3. Electronic Instrumentation and Measurements – David A. Bell, 3rd Edition

Oxford Univ.Press,2013.

REFERENCES:
1. Electronic Instrumentation and Measurements – David A. Bell, Oxford Univ. Press, 1997.
2. Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques: A.D.Helbincs,
W.D. Cooper: PHI 5thEdition, 2003.
3. Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation: B.M. Oliver, J.M. Cage MC
GRAW HILLEDUCATION Reprint, 2009.
4. Industrial Instrumentation: T.R. Padmanabham Springer, 2009.
 22EC3151: MICROCONTROLLERS LAB

B.Tech. III Year I Sem. LTPC

0021

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
1. To Introduce Assembly Language Program concepts
2. To understand an ALP for arithmetic and logical operations in 8086
3. To understand an ALP for arithmetic and logical operations in 8051
4. To Interface I/O devices with 8051 microcontroller
5. To Interface I/O devices with ARM

COURSE OUTCOMES: At the end of the course, student will be able to

1. Implement the basic programming for Arithmetic and Logical operations in 8086
micro- processor.
2. Implement the basic programming for Arithmetic and Logical operations in 8051 Microcontroller
3. Implement time delay generation & serial communication of 8051.
4. Implement interfacing of I/O devices with 8051 Microcontroller.
5. Implement interfacing of I/O devices with ARM

Cycle 1: Using 8086 Processor Kits and/or Assembler (5 Weeks)

● Assembly Language Programs to 8086 to Perform
1. Arithmetic, Logical, String Operations on 16 Bit and 32-BitData.
2. Logical Operations, Rotate, Shift, Swap and Branch Operations.

Cycle 2: Using 8051 Microcontroller Kit (5 weeks)

● Introduction to IDE
1. Assembly Language Programs to Perform Arithmetic (Both Signed and
Unsigned) 16 Bit Data Operations, Logical Operations (Byte and Bit Level
Operations), Rotate, Shift,Swap and Branch Instructions
2. Time delay Generation Using Timers of8051.
3. Serial Communication from/ to 8051 to / from I/O devices.

Cycle 3: Interfacing I/O Devices to 8051(4 Weeks)

1. Matrix Keypad to 8051.
2. LCD Interfacing using 8051.
3. 8 bit ADC Interface to 8051.
4. Triangular Wave Generator through DAC interfaces to8051.
Cycle 4: Interfacing I/O devices to ARM (2weeks)
1. LCD/LED interfacing to ARM
2. Buzzer interfacing to ARM
 22EC3152: DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN THROUGH VERILOG LAB
B.Tech. III Year I Sem. L T P C
0 0 2 1
Course Objectives:
The main objectives of the course is to

1. Familiarize with the CAD tool to write HDL programs.

2. Understand simulation and synthesis of digital design.
3. Know the difference between synthesizable and non-synthesizable code.
4. Understand the differences between three modeling styles.
5. Understand logic verification using Verilog simulation.
Course Outcomes: At the end of this course, students should be able to:
6. Write the Verilog programs to simulate and synthesize Digital Circuits.
7. Design Combinational circuits in Dataflow, Behavioral and Gate level Abstractions.
8. Describe sequential circuits in Behavioral description and obtain simulation waveforms.
9. Synthesize Register Transfer Level (RTL) models of digital circuits.
10. Gain the knowledge to verify Digital Circuits functionality using FPGA/ Zed Boards.

Note:
1. Programming can be done using XILINX or any complier.
2. Synthesize Register Transfer Level (RTL) models of digital circuits.
3. Download the programs on Xilinx FPGA/Zed boards.
4. Minimum 12 experiments should be conducted:
List of Experiments:

1. Verify all the logic gates using HDL code and implement using FPGA/Zed boards.
2. Write the HDL code for decoder and encoder and implement using FPGA/ Zed boards.
● 3 to 8 Decoder.
● 8 to 3 Encoder (With priority and without priority).
3. Write the HDL code for multiplexer and demultiplexer and implement using FPGA/Zed boards.
● 8-to-1 multiplexer.
● 1-to-8 demultiplexer.
4. Design and simulate the HDL code for the following code converters.
● 4- Bit binary to gray code converter.
● 4- Bit grayto binary code converter.
5. Design and simulate the HDL code for 16-bit comparator.
6. Design and simulate the HDL code for Full adder and Full subtractor using three modeling
styles.
7. Design and simulate the HDL code for carry look a head adder.
8. Design and simulate the HDL code for 4-bit Array multiplier.
9. Design and simulate the HDL code to implement 8-bit ALU functionality.
10. Design and simulate the HDL code for flip flops: SR, D, JK, T.
11. Design and simulate the HDL code for Shift registers: SISO, PIPO using D Flip-Flops.
12. Design and simulate the HDL code for 12 x 8 MAC (Multiplier Accumulator).
13. Design and simulate the HDL code for 4-bit binary, BCD counters (synchronous/ asynchronous
reset).
14. Design and simulate the HDL code to detect the sequence 1010101.
15. Design and simulate the HDL code for FSM: traffic light controller.
 22EC3153:DATA COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS LAB

B.Tech. III Year I Semester LTPC

0021
Course Objectives:
1. To introduce the Fundamentals of data communication networks
2. To demonstrate the Functions of various protocols of Data link layer.
3. To demonstrate Functioning of various Routing protocols.
4. To introduce the Functions of various Transport layer protocols.
5. To understand the significance ofapplication layer protocols
Course Outcomes:
1. Demonstrate the physical connections in Data Communication networks.
2. Demonstrate the queuing techniques in various links of Data Communication networks.
3. Verification of various routing protocol functionalities.
4. Verifying the functionalities of Application protocols.
5. Knowledge of different packets involved in various transmission data.

A. Minimum of 12 Experiments have to be conducted

B. All the Experiments may be Conducted using Network Simulation software like NS-2,
NSG-2.1 and Wire SHARK/equivalent software.

Note: For Experiments 2 to 10 Performance may be evaluated through simulation by using the
parameters Throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio, Delay etc.
1. Generate a TCL Script to create two nodes and links between nodes
2. Generate a TCL Script to transmit data between nodes
3. Evaluate the performance of various LAN Topologies
4. Evaluatethe performance of Drop Tail and RED queue management schemes
5. Evaluatethe performance of CBQ and FQ Scheduling Mechanisms
6. Evaluatethe performance ofTCP and UDP Protocols
7. Evaluatethe performance ofTCP, New Reno and Vegas
8. Evaluate the performance of AODV and DSR routing protocols
9. Evaluate the performance of AODV and DSDV routing protocols
10. Evaluate the performance of IEEE 802.11 and IEEE802.15.4
11. Capturing and Analysis of TCP and IP Packets
12. Simulation and Analysis of ICMP and IGMP Packets
13. Analyze the Protocols SCTP, ARP, NetBIOS, IPXVINES
14. Analysis ofHTTP, DNS and DHCP Protocols

Major Equipment Required:

Required software (Open Source) like NS-2, NSG-2.1 and Wire SHARK
 22MC0005: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
B.Tech. III Year I Sem. LTPC
300 0
Course Objectives:
 To know the concept of intellectual property
 To study about trade marks
 To study about law of copyrights and law of patents.
 To impart the knowledge on trade secrets
 To know new developments in IPR laws at national and international level.
Course Outcomes: At the end of this course, students will demonstrate the ability to
 Distinguish and Explain various forms of IPRs
 Identify criteria to fit one's own intellectual work in particular form of IPRs
 Apply statutory provisions to protect particular form of IPRs.
 Explain about trade secrets
 Appraise new developments in IPR laws at national and international level

UNIT – I:
INTRODUCTION TO INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: Introduction, types of intellectual property,
international organizations, agencies and treaties, importance of intellectual property rights.

UNIT – II:
TRADE MARKS: Purpose and function of trademarks, acquisition of trade mark rights, protectable
matter, selecting, and evaluating trade mark, trade mark registration processes.

UNIT – III:
LAW OF COPYRIGHTS: Fundamental of copyright law, originality of material, rights of
reproduction, rights to perform the work publicly, copyright ownership issues, copyright registration,
notice of copyright, International copyright law.
LAW OF PATENTS: Foundation of patent law, patent searching process, ownership rights and transfer

UNIT – IV:
TRADE SECRETS: Trade secret law, determination of trade secret status, liability for
misappropriations of trade secrets, protection for submission, trade secret litigation.
Unfair competition: Misappropriation right of publicity, false advertising.

UNIT – V:
NEW DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: new developments in trade mark
law; copyright law, patent law, intellectual property audits. International overview on intellectual
property, international – trade mark law, copyright law, international patent law, and international
development in trade secrets law.

TEXT BOOK:
1. Intellectual property right, Deborah. E. Bouchoux, Cengage learning.

REFERENCE BOOK:
1. Intellectual property right – Unleashing the knowledge economy, prabuddha ganguli, Tata
McGraw Hill Publishing company ltd
 22MB3211: BUSINESS ECONOMICS AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
B.Tech. III Year II Sem. LTPC
3 00 3

Course Objectives:
 To understand the concepts of business economics, objectives, scope, role & responsibilities
of a manager of a business undertaking
 To analyze the market dynamics namely demand, elasticity of demand, demand forecasting
and supply
 To gain the knowledge on the production theories and cost analysis while dealing with the
production
 To explain the process & principles of accounting and to maintain Journal, Ledger, Trial
Balance.
 To acquire the basics of how to analyze and interpret the financial statements through ratio
analysis.

Course Outcomes: At the end of this course, students will demonstrates the ability to
 Determine the objectives, role & responsibilities of a manager of a business undertaking.
 Understand the demand for a product of a company, to analyze various factors influencing
demand elasticity and forecast & compute the future sales level of a product.
 Examine optimum production & cost functions with the help of mathematical equations,
Assess the cost behaviour, costs useful for managerial decision making.
 Apply the principle of double entry to the maintenance of books of records and explain the
Significance and objectives of trial balance and final accounts.
 Analyze, interpret & comment on the financial statements of a business enterprise by
Using ratios analysis

UNIT– I
Introduction to Business and Economics:
Business: Structure of Business Firm, Theory of Firm, Types of Business Entities, Sources of
Capital for a Company, Non-Conventional Sources of Finance.
Economics: Significance of Economics, Micro and Macro Economic Concepts, Concepts and
Importance of National Income, Inflation, Money Supply in Inflation, Business Cycle, Features and
Phases of Business Cycle. Nature and Scope of Business Economics, Role of Business Economist,
Multidisciplinary nature of Business Economics.

UNIT– II
Demand and Supply Analysis:
Elasticity of Demand: Elasticity, Types of Elasticity, Law of Demand, Measurement and Significance
of Elasticity of Demand, Factors affecting Elasticity of Demand, Elasticity of Demand in decision
making, Demand Forecasting: Characteristics of Good Demand Forecasting, Steps in Demand
Forecasting, Methods of Demand Forecasting.
Supply Analysis: Determinants of Supply, Supply Function & Law of Supply.

UNIT-III
Production, Cost, Market Structures & Pricing:
Production Analysis: Factors of Production, Production Function, Production Function with one
variable input, two variable inputs, Returns to Scale, Different Types of Production Functions.
Cost analysis: Types of Costs, Short run and Long run Cost Functions.
Market Structures: Nature of Competition, Features of Perfect competition, Monopoly, and
Monopolistic Competition.
Pricing: Types of Pricing, Product Life Cycle based Pricing, Break Even Analysis, and Cost Volume
Profit Analysis.

UNIT-IV
Financial Accounting: Accounting concepts and Conventions, Accounting Equation, Double-Entry
system of Accounting, Rules for maintaining Books of Accounts, Journal, Posting to Ledger,
Preparation of Trial Balance, Elements of Financial Statements, Preparation of Final Accounts
(Simple Problems).

UNIT–V
Financial Ratios Analysis :Concept of Ratio Analysis, Importance and Types of Ratios, Liquidity
Ratios, Turnover Ratios, Profitability Ratios, Proprietary Ratios, Solvency, Leverage Ratios –
Analysis and Interpretation (simple problems).

TEXTBOOKS:
1. D.D.Chaturvedi,S.L.Gupta,“BusinessEconomics-TheoryandApplications”,
InternationalBook HousePvt.Ltd. 2013.
2. Dhanesh K Khatri, “Financial Accounting”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2011.
3. Geethika Ghosh, Piyali Gosh, Purba Roy Choudhury, “Managerial Economics”, 2e, Tata
McGraw Hill Education Pvt. Ltd. 2012.

REFERENCES:
1. Paresh Shah, “Financial Accounting for Management” 2e, Oxford Press, 2015.
2. S. N. Maheshwari, Sunil K Maheshwari, Sharad K Maheshwari, “Financial Accounting”,
5e, Vikas Publications, 2013.
 22EC3211:DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
B.Tech. III Year II Semester LTPC

3 0 0 3

Prerequisite: Signals and Systems

Course Objectives:
1. To provide background of digital signals and computation of DFT.
2. To understand the fast computation of DFT and appreciate the FFT processing.
3. To study the designs and structures of digital IIR filters and analyze and synthesize for a given
specifications.
4. To study the designs and structures of digital FIR filters and analyze and synthesize for a given
specifications
5. To acquaint in Multi-rate signal processing techniques and finite word length effects and
introduction to DSP Processors.

Course Outcomes: Upon completing this course, the student will be able to
1. Understand the basics of DSP and computation of DFT.
2. Understand the inter-relationship between DFT and FFT.
3. Design a IIR filter for a given specification.
4. Design a FIR filter for a given specification
5. Understand the significance of multirate signal processing and basic DSP Processors.

UNIT - I:
Introduction: Introduction to Digital Signal Processing: Basic elements of DSP, Typical Applications
of DSP, Linear Constant Coefficient Difference Equations,
Discrete Fourier Transforms: Properties of DFT, Linear Convolution of Sequences using DFT,
Circular convolution, Linear Convolution using Circular convolution, Computation of DFT: Over-Lap
Add Method, Over-Lap Save Method, Relation between DTFT, DFS, DFT and Z-Transform. IDFT.
UNIT - II:
Efficient computation of DFT: Disadvantages of DFT, Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT) - Radix-2
Decimation-in-Time and Decimation-in-Frequency FFT Algorithms, Applications of FFT, Inverse
FFT. Comparison of DFT & FFT.
UNIT – III
IIR Digital Filters: Analog filter approximations – Butterworth and Chebyshev, Design of IIR
Digital Filters from Analog Filters, Step and Impulse Invariant Techniques, Bilinear Transformation
Method, Spectral Transformations.
Realization of Digital Filters: Applications of Z – Transforms, Solution of Difference Equations of
Digital Filters, Realization of Digital Filters – Direct, Canonic, Cascade and Parallel Forms.
UNIT - IV
FIR Digital Filters: Characteristics of FIR Digital Filters, Frequency Response. Design of FIR Filters:
Fourier Method, Digital Filters using Window Techniques, Frequency Sampling Technique,
Comparison of IIR & FIR filters.
UNIT – V
Multirate Digital Signal Processing: Introduction, Down Sampling, Decimation, Up sampling,
Interpolation, Sampling Rate Conversion. Finite Word Length Effects: Limit cycles, Overflow
Oscillations, Methods to Prevent Overflow, Dead Band Effects.
Computer Architecture for Signal Processing: Harvard Architecture, Pipelining, MAC, Introduction
to TMS320C67xx Digital Signal Processors, Functional Block Diagram.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Discrete Time Signal Processing – A. V. Oppenheim and R.W. Schaffer, PHI, 2009
2. Digital Signal Processing, Principles, Algorithms, and Applications: John G. Proakis, Dimitris G.
Manolakis, Pearson Education / PHI, 2007.
REFERENCES:
1. Digital Signal Processing – Fundamentals and Applications – LiTan, Elsevier, 2008
2. Fundamentals of Digital Signal Processing using MATLAB – Robert J. Schilling, Sandra L. Harris,
Thomson, 2007
3. Digital Signal Processing – S. Salivahanan, A. Vallavaraj and C. Gnanapriya, TMH, 2009
4. Digital Signal Processing - A Practical approach, Emmanuel C. Ifeachor and Barrie W. Jervis, 2 nd
Edition, Pearson Education, 2009
 22EC3212: CMOS VLSI DESIGN

B.Tech. III Year II semester LTPC

3003
Prerequisites - Electronic Devices and Circuits, Digital logic Design
Course Objectives: The objectives of the course are to:
1. Give exposure to different steps involved in the fabrication of ICs and electrical
properties using MOS Transistor analyze the behavior of inverters designed with
various loads.
2. Give exposure to the design rules to be followed to draw the layout of any logic circuit.
3. Provide concept to design different types of logic gates using CMOS inverter and
4. Provide design concepts to design building blocks of data path of any system using
gates.
5. Acquire the fundamentals on Analog CMOS ICs

Course Outcomes: Upon completing this course, the student will be able to
1. Acquire qualitative knowledge about the fabrication process of integrated circuit
using MOS transistors.
2. Draw the layout of any logic circuit which helps to understand and estimate parasitic
of any logic circuit
3. Understand Gate level designs of different gates and driving capacitive Loads.
4. Provide design concepts required to design building blocks of data path using gates
and design of simple memories using MOS Transistors.
5. Understand the concepts of CMOS Amplifiers.

UNIT – I
Introduction: Introduction to IC Technology – MOS, PMOS, NMOS, CMOS & BiCMOS
Basic Electrical Properties: Basic Electrical Properties of MOS and BiCMOS Circuits: Ids
Vds relationships, MOS transistor threshold Voltage, gm, gds, Figure of merit ωo; Pass
transistor, NMOS Inverter, Various pull ups, CMOS Inverter analysis and design, Bi-CMOS
Inverters.

UNIT - II
VLSI Circuit Design Processes: VLSI Design Flow, MOS Layers, Stick Diagrams, Design
Rules and Layout, 2 μm CMOS Design rules for wires, Contacts and Transistors Layout
Diagrams for NMOS and CMOS Inverters and Gates, Scaling of MOS circuits.

UNIT – III
Gate Level Design: Logic Gates and Other complex gates, Switch logic, Alternate gate
circuits, Time delays, Driving large capacitive loads, Wiring capacitance, Fan – in, Fan – out
Choice of layers.

UNIT – IV
Data Path Subsystems: Subsystem Design, Shifters, Adders, ALUs, Multipliers, Parity
generators, Comparators, Zero/One Detectors, Counters.
Array Subsystems: SRAM, DRAM, ROM, Serial Access Memories.
 UNIT – V
CMOS Amplifiers: CS, CD amplifiers, Differential Amplifiers, Cascode Amplifiers,
Current Mirrors- Wilson mirror, Wildar mirror, Single stage op-amp

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Essentials of VLSI circuits and systems – Kamran Eshraghian, Eshraghian Douglas
and A. Pucknell, PHI, 2005 Edition
2. CMOS VLSI Design – A Circuits and Systems Perspective, Neil H. E Weste, David
Harris, Ayan Banerjee, 3rd Ed, Pearson, 2009.
3. CMOS Analog Circuit Design - Philip E. Allen and Douglas R. Holberg,
Oxford University Press, International Second Edition/Indian Edition, 2010.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. CMOS logic circuit Design - John .P. Uyemura, Springer, 2007.
2. Modern VLSI Design - Wayne Wolf, Pearson Education, 3rd Edition, 1997.
3. Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, Behzad Razavi, TMH Edition
 22EC3271: COMPUTER ORGANIZATION & OPERATING SYSTEMS
(Professional Elective-II)
B.Tech. III Year II semester LTPC
3003
Course Objectives:
1. Understanding the structure of a computer and its operations
2. Understanding the RTL and micro-level operations and control in a computer
3. Understanding the concepts of I/O devices and memory.
4. Understanding operating systems concepts.
5. Understanding file system interface

Course Outcomes:
1. Visualizing the organization of computer blocks
2. Utilize the micro-level operations to control computer units
3. Understanding the design of digital computer system functional units
4. Utilize operating systems in a computer
5. Identifying, comparing, and assessing issues related to ISA, memory, control, and I/O functions

UNIT - I
Digital Computers: Introduction, Block diagram of Digital Computer, Definition of Computer
Organization, Computer Design and Computer Architecture.
Register Transfer Language and Micro Operations: Register Transfer Language, Register
Transfer, Bus and Memory Transfers, Arithmetic Micro Operations, Logic Microoperations, Shift
Microoperations, Arithmetic Logic Shift Unit,
Basic Computer Organization and Design: Instruction Codes, Computer Registers, Computer
Instructions, Instruction Cycle, Memory - Reference Instructions, Input – Output and Interrupt.

UNIT - II
Microprogrammed Control: Control Memory, Address Sequencing, Microprogram Example,
Design of Control Unit, Hardwired Control, Microprogrammed Control.
Central Processing Unit: Stack Organization, Instruction Formats, Addressing Modes, Data Transfer
and Manipulation, Program Control, Reduced Instruction Set Computer.

UNIT - III
Input-Output Organization: Peripheral Devices, Input-Output Interface, Asynchronous Data
Transfer, Modes of Transfer, Priority Interrupt, Direct Memory Access, Input-Output Processor
(IOP), Serial Communication.
Memory Organization: Memory Hierarchy, Main Memory, Auxiliary memory, Associate Memory,
Cache Memory, Introduction to RAID.
UNIT - IV
Operating Systems Overview: Overview of Computer Operating Systems Functions, Protection and
Security, Distributed Systems, Special Purpose Systems, Operating Systems Structures Operating
System Services and Systems Calls, System Programs, Operating System Generation.
Memory Management: Swapping, Contiguous Memory Allocation, Paging, Structure of the Page
Table, Segmentation, Virtual Memory, Demand Paging, Page-Replacement Algorithms, Allocation of
Frames, Thrashing Case Studies – UNIX, Linux.

UNIT - V
File System Interface: The Concept of a File, Access Methods, Directory Structure, File System
Mounting, File Sharing, Protection.
File System Implementation: File System Structure, File system Implementation, Directory
Implementation, Allocation Methods, Free-Space Management.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Computer Organization - Carl Hamacher, ZvonksVranesic, SafeaZaky, 5th Edition,McGraw Hill.
2. Computer System Architecture - M. Morris Mano, 3rd Edition, Pearson
3. Operating System Concepts - AbrehamSilberchatz, Peter B. Galvin, Greg Gagne, 8thEdition, John
Wiley.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Computer Organization and Architecture - William Stallings 6th Edition, Pearson
2. Structured Computer Organization - Andrew S. Tanenbaum, 4th Edition, PHI
 22EC3272 : DATA SCIENCE AND DATA ANALYTICS
(Professional elective – II)
B.Tech. III Year II Sem. LTPC
3 0 03
Course objectives :
1. To introduce the concepts of Date analytics, Big data and data visualization tools
2. To introduce the Applications of modelling in business.
3. To introduce regression concepts, analytical applications to various business domains.
4. To understand object segmentation.
5. To know data visualization techniques.

Course outcomes : By the end of the course students will be able to

1. Understand Date analytics, Big data and data visualization tools
2. Understand the need and Applications of modelling in business.
3. Understand regression concepts, analytical applications to various business domains.
4. Understand object segmentation.
5. Understand data visualization techniques.

UNIT – I
Introduction to Data Analytics: Introduction to Data- Importance of analytics- Data for Business
Analytic-Big Data- Business Analytics in Practice. Data Visualization- Data Visualization tools
Data Queries statistical methods for summarizing data, exploring data using pivot tables.
UNIT - II
Data Analytics: Introduction to Analytics, Introduction to Tools and Environment, Application
of Modelling in Business, Databases & Types of Data and variables, Data Modelling
Techniques, Missing Imputations etc. Need for Business Modelling.
UNIT - III
Regression – Concepts, Blue property assumptions, Least Square Estimation, Variable
Rationalization, and Model Building etc. Logistic Regression: Model Theory, Model fit
Statistics, Model Construction, Analytics applications to various Business Domains etc.
UNIT - IV
Object Segmentation: Regression Vs Segmentation – Supervised and Unsupervised Learning,
Tree Building – Regression, Classification, Overfitting, Pruning and Complexity, Multiple
Decision Trees etc. Time Serie Methods: Arima, Measures of Forecast Accuracy, STL approach,
Extract features from generated model as Height, Average Energy etc and Analyze for prediction
UNIT - V
Data Visualization: Pixel-Oriented Visualization Techniques, Geometric Projection
Visualization Techniques, Icon-Based Visualization Techniques, Hierarchical Visualization
Techniques, Visualizing Complex Data and Relations.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Data Mining Concepts and Techniques, Han, Kamber, 3rd Edition, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers.
2. Business Anylytics, James evans, 2 edition Person 2017.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Introduction to Data Mining, Tan, Steinbach and Kumar, Addision Wisley, 2006.
2. Data Mining Analysis and Concepts, M. Zaki and W. Meira
3. Mining of Massive Datasets, Jure Leskovec Stanford Univ. Anand Rajaraman Milliway Labs
Jeffrey D Ullman Stanford Univ
 22EC3273 : NETWORK SECURITY AND CRYPTOGRAPHY
(Professional Elective–II)

B.Tech III Year II Semester LTPC

3 - - 3

Course Objectives:
1. To Understand the basic concept of Cryptography and Network Security
2. To understand the necessity of network security, threats/vulnerabilities to networksand counter
measures
3. To understand Authentication functions with Message Authentication Codes and Hash
Functions.
4. To provide familiarity in Intrusion detection
5. To know the firewall design principles

Course Outcomes: Upon completing this course, the student will be able to
1. Describe network security fundamental concepts and principles
2. Encrypt and decrypt messages using block ciphers and network security technology and
protocols
3. Analyze key agreement algorithms to identify their weaknesses
4. Identify and assess different types of threats, malware, spyware, viruses, vulnerabilities
5. Understand the web security

UNIT–I
Security Services, Mechanisms and Attacks, a Model for Internetwork security, Classical
Techniques: Conventional Encryption model, Steganography, Classical Encryption Techniques.
Modern Techniques: Simplified DES, Block Cipher Principles, Data Encryption standard,
Strength of DES, Block Cipher Design Principles.

UNIT–II
Encryption: Triple DES, International Data Encryption algorithm, Blowfish, RC5,
Characteristics of Advanced Symmetric block Ciphers. Placement of Encryption function,
Traffic confidentiality, Key distribution, Random Number Generation.

UNIT–III
Public Key Cryptography: Principles, RSA Algorithm, Key Management, Diffie-Hellman Key
Exchange, Elliptic Curve Cryptography.
Message Authentication and Hash Functions: Authentication requirements and functions,
Message Authentication, Hash functions, Security of Hash functions.
UNIT-IV
Hash and Mac Algorithms: MD-5, Message digest Algorithm, Secure Hash Algorithm. Digital
Signatures and Authentication protocols: Digital signatures, Authentication Protocols, Digital
signature standards.
Authentication Applications: Kerberos, Electronic Mail Security: Pretty Good Privacy,
SIME/MIME.
 UNIT–V
IP Security: Overview, Architecture, Authentication, Encapsulating Security Payload, Key
Management. Web Security: Web Security requirements, secure sockets layer and Transport
Layer Security, Secure Electronic Transaction.
Intruders, Viruses and Worms: Intruders, Viruses and Related threats.
FireWalls: Firewall Design Principles, Trusted systems.

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Cryptography and Network Security: Principles and Practice-William Stallings, Pearson
Education.6th edition-2013
2. Network Security: The complete reference, Robert Bragg, Mark Rhodes, TMH, 1 st edition-2004.

REFERENCEBOOKS:
1. Network Security Essentials (Applications and Standards)by William Stallings Pearson
Education. 4th edition-2011
2. Fundamentals of Network Security by Eric Maiwald (Dreamtech press)-2017
3. Principles of Information Security, Whitman, Thomson 4 th edition.
4. Introduction to Cryptography, Buchmann, Springer.2nd edition -2004
 22EC3251: DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING LAB

B.Tech. III Year II Semester LTP C

0 021
Course Objectives:
1. To generate the elementary signals/ waveforms.
2. To plot frequency response of a given LTIsystem
3. To Calculate and Plot DFT / IDFT and FFT of given DT signal.
4. To develop algorithms for designing and implementation of FIR and IIR filters with
standard techniques.
5. To develop the Multirate signal processing.

Course Outcomes
1. Able to generate elementary signals/ waveforms and perform arithmetic operations on signals.
2. Able to plot frequency response of a given system and verify the properties of LTI system.
3. Analyze the digital signals using various digital transforms DFT, FFT etc.
4. Able to Implement FIR and IIR filter for a given sequence and calculate the filter coefficients.
5. Able to Implement Decimation and Interpolation Process the sampling rate.

The Programs shall be implemented in Software (Using MATLAB / Lab View / C

Programming/ Equivalent) and Hardware (Using TI / Analog Devices / Motorola / Equivalent
DSP processors). Note: - Minimum of 12 experiments has to be conducted.

List of Experiments:
1. Generation of Sinusoidal Waveform / Signal based on Recursive Difference Equations
2. Histogram of White Gaussian Noise and Uniformly Distributed Noise.
3. To find DFT / IDFT of given DT Signal
4. To find Frequency Response of a given System given in Transfer Function/
Differential equation form.
5. Obtain Fourier series coefficients by formula and using FFT and compare for half
sine wave.
6. Implementation of FFT of given Sequence
7. Determination of Power Spectrum of a given Signal(s).
8. Implementation of LP FIR Filter for a given Sequence/Signal.
9. Implementation of HP IIR Filter for a given Sequence/Signal
10. Generation of Narrow Band Signal through Filtering
11. Generation of DTMF Signals
12. Implementation of Decimation Process
13. Implementation of Interpolation Process
14. Implementation of I/D Sampling Rate Converters
15. Impulse Response of First order and Second Order System
 22EC3252: CMOS VLSI- DESIGN LAB
B.Tech. III Year II Semester LT P C
0 0 2 1

Course objectives: Train the students

1. To understand the design of analog and digital circuits using CAD tools.
2. To understand the DRC rules for layout design.
3. To analyze the results of logic and timing simulations and to extract the parasitics.
4. To understand the calculation of performance parameters such as area, power and delay.
Course outcomes: By the end of the course student will be able to
1. Design of analog and digital CMOS circuits.
2. Simulate circuits within a CAD tool and compare to design specifications.
3. Layout design for complex gates to satisfying DRC rules.
4. Analyze DC/Transient characteristics of analog/digital design and to extract
the parasitics.
5. Calculating performance parameters such as area, power and delay.

List of Experiments
● Design and implementation of the following CMOS digital/analog circuits using
Cadence /Mentor Graphics / Synopsys /Equivalent CAD tools.
● The design includes layout and Scaling of CMOS Inverter using design rules
● Design of Layout, Extraction of Parasitics and DC/ Transient analysis, Verification
of layouts (DRC, LVS)
● Calculation of s performance parameters such as area, power and delay.

1. CMOS inverter schematic and layout

2. CMOS NOR gates schematic and layout
3. CMOS NAND gates schematic and layout
4. Design of any Boolean expression using AOI/OAI gates
5. Design of basic gates using pass transistor logic.
6. Design a 2:1 Mux using Transmission gate.
7. Design of 1-bit SRAM cell.
8. Perform AC analysis of CS Amplifier.
9. Perform AC analysis of CD Amplifier.
10. Perform AC analysis of Current mirror circuit.
11. Perform AC analysis of Cascode Amplifier.
12. Perform AC analysis of Differential Amplifier circuit.

Note: Any TEN of the above 12 experiments are to be conducted

 22HS3251:ADVANCED ENGLISH COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB

B.Tech. III Year II Sem. LTPC

0021
Course Objectives
This lab focuses on using Multi-media instruction as well as stimulating peer group activities for
language development to meet the following targets:
1. To improve students fluency in spoken English.
2. To enable them to listen to English spoken at normal conversational speed.
3. To help students develop their vocabulary.
4. To read and comprehend texts in different contexts.
5. To communicate their ideas relevantly and coherently in writing.

Course Outcomes: Students will be able to

1. Acquire vocabulary and Grammar and use them contextually.
2. Listen and speak effectively, and present themselves effectively.
3. Develop proficiency in academic reading and writing.
4. Communicate confidently in formal and informal contexts.
5. Increase their job opportunities.

Syllabus
The following course activities will be conducted as part of the Advanced English Communication
Skills (AECS) Lab:
Unit I
Vocabulary and Grammar: Vocabulary Building– Word Formation: Prefixes and Suffixes - Synonyms,
and Antonyms, One-word Substitutes, Idioms, Phrases, Collocations, and Compound Words.
Grammar– Articles, Prepositions, Tenses,Subject-Verb Agreement, Voice and Speech-SpottingErrors
- Correction of Sentences,
Unit II
Advanced Reading Comprehension: Argumentative Analysis of (with reference to) GRE, TOEFL,
IELTS – Jumbled Sentences and Sentence Completion.
Unit III
Writing Skills– Structure and Different Types of Writings– Argumentative Writing – Letter Writing -
Resume Writing - Technical Report Writing
Creating and Using LinkedIn Profile- Netiquette- Statement of Purpose (SOP)-Letter of
Recommendation
Unit IV
Presentation Skills -_Oral Presentations (Group/Individual) and Written Presentations – PPTs/Posters
(Virtual/Offline) – Projects, Reports and Assignments- Introducing Oneself Virtually (Making a Video
on Oneself and Analyzing it critically).
Unit V
Group Dynamics &Interviews:Group Discussion - Dos and Don’ts - Intervention, Summarizing,
Modulation of Voice, Body Language, Relevance, Fluency and Organization of Ideas– Debate:
Concept and Process - Difference between Group Discussions and Debates- Rubrics of Evaluation -
Interviews and Types of Interviews - Pre-interview Planning, Opening Strategies, Answering Strategies
-Introducing Self - Oral Interviews (face-to-face)–Virtual Interviews -Mock Interviews -Handling
Technical Glitches.
References
 Kumar,Sanjay and Pushp Lata. English for Effective Communication, Oxford University Press,
2015.
 Konal, Nira. English Language Laboratories- A Comprehensive Manual, PHI Learning Pvt.
Ltd. 2011.
 The Official Guide to the GRE General Test. Tamil Nadu: McGra Hills Education (India) 3rd
Edition, 2017.
 22EC3281: INDUSTRIAL ORIENTED MINI PROJECT

B.Tech. III Year II Sem. LTPC

0 0 4 2
 22MC0002: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(Only for Lateral Entry students) L T P C
3 0 0 0
III B.Tech II Semester

Course Objectives:
 To study and Understand the importance of ecosystems.
 To impart knowledge on various natural resources.
 To know about biodiversity and biotic resources
 To impart knowledge on environmental pollution and control technologies
 To study and understand the environmental policies and regulations.

Course Outcomes: At the end of this course students will demonstrate the ability to
 Explain the importance of ecosystems.
 Discuss about various natural resources.
 Describe the importance biodiversity and biotic resources
 Discuss about environmental pollution and control technologies
 Explain the environmental policies and regulations.

UNIT - I
ECOSYSTEMS: Definition, Scope and Importance of ecosystem. Classification, structure, and function of an
ecosystem, Food chains, food webs, and ecological pyramids. Flow of energy, Biogeochemical cycles,
Bioaccumulation, Biomagnification, ecosystem value, services and carrying capacity, Field visits.

UNIT - II
NATURAL RESOURCES: Classification of Resources: Living and Non-Living resources,
Water Resources: use and over utilization of surface and ground water, floods and droughts,
Dams: benefits and problems.
Mineral Resources: use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources,
Land Resources: Forest resources
Energy Resources: growing energy needs, renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate
energy source, case studies.

UNIT - III
BIODIVERSITY AND BIOTIC RESOURCES: Introduction, Definition, genetic, species and ecosystem
diversity. Value of biodiversity; consumptive use, productive use, social, ethical, aesthetic and optional values.
India as a mega diversity nation, Hot spots of biodiversity. Field visit. Threats to biodiversity:habitat loss,
poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts; conservation of biodiversity: In-Situ and Ex-situ conservation.
National Biodiversity act.

UNIT - IV
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES:
Environmental Pollution: Classification of pollution
Air Pollution: Primary and secondary pollutants, Automobile and Industrial pollution, Ambient air quality
standards.
Water Pollution: Sources and types of pollution, drinking water quality standards.
Soil Pollution: Sources and types, Impacts of modern agriculture, degradation of soil.
Noise Pollution: Sources and Health hazards, standards
Solid Waste: Municipal Solid Waste management, composition and characteristics of e-Waste and its
management.
Pollution Control Technologies: Wastewater Treatment methods: Primary, secondary and Tertiary.
Overview of air pollution control technologies, Concepts of bioremediation.
Global Environmental Problems and Global Efforts: Climate change and impacts on human environment.
Ozone depletion and Ozone depleting substances (ODS). Deforestation and desertification. International
conventions / Protocols: Earth summit, Kyoto protocol, and Montréal Protocol.

UNIT - V
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, LEGISLATION & EIA: Environmental Protection act, Legal aspects Air
Act- 1981, Water Act, Forest Act, Wild life Act, Municipal solid waste management and handling rules,
biomedical waste management and handling rules, hazardous waste management and handling rules. EIA: EIA
structure, methods of baseline data acquisition. Overview on Impacts of air, water, biological and
Socioeconomical aspects. Strategies for risk assessment, Concepts of Environmental Management Plan (EMP).
Towards Sustainable Future: Concept of Sustainable Development, Population and its explosion, Crazy
Consumerism, Environmental Education, Urban Sprawl, Human health, Environmental Ethics, Concept of
Green Building, Ecological Foot Print, Life Cycle assessment (LCA), Low carbon life style.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses by Erach Bharucha for
University Grants Commission.
2. Environmental Studies by R. Rajagopalan, Oxford University Press.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Environmental Science: towards a sustainable future by Richard T. Wright. 2008 PHL Learning
Private Ltd. New Delhi.
2. Environmental Engineering and science by Gilbert M. Masters and Wendell P. Ela. 2008 PHI
Learning Pvt. Ltd.
3. Environmental Science by Daniel B. Botkin & Edward A. Keller, Wiley INDIA edition.
4. Environmental Studies by Anubha Kaushik, 4th Edition, New age international publishers.
5. Text book of Environmental Science and Technology - Dr. M. Anji Reddy 2007, BS Publications.