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Class 9 Economics Revision Notes | PDF | Food Security | Poverty
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Class 9 Economics Revision Notes

The document provides detailed revision notes for Class 9 Economics, covering topics such as the production factors in the hypothetical village of Palampur, the role of people as resources, challenges of poverty, and food security in India. It highlights the importance of education, health, and government initiatives in improving productivity and addressing unemployment and poverty. Key government schemes like MGNREGA and PDS are discussed as measures to enhance food security and support the poor.

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57 views3 pages

Class 9 Economics Revision Notes

The document provides detailed revision notes for Class 9 Economics, covering topics such as the production factors in the hypothetical village of Palampur, the role of people as resources, challenges of poverty, and food security in India. It highlights the importance of education, health, and government initiatives in improving productivity and addressing unemployment and poverty. Key government schemes like MGNREGA and PDS are discussed as measures to enhance food security and support the poor.

Uploaded by

pi8534yk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Class 9 Economics - Detailed Revision Notes

# Chapter 1: The Story of Village Palampur

## Introduction
- Palampur is a hypothetical village used to explain the basic
concepts of production.
- It has farming and non-farming activities like dairy, transport, and
small-scale industries.

## Factors of Production
1. **Land** - Fixed and limited.
2. **Labour** - Includes skilled and unskilled workers.
3. **Capital** - Fixed (machines, tools) and working capital (raw
materials).
4. **Entrepreneurship** - Organizes resources for production.

## Farming in Palampur
- Use of HYV seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation has improved
productivity.
- **Multiple Cropping** - Growing more than one crop in a year.

## Non-Farming Activities
1. **Dairy Farming** - Selling milk in nearby towns.
2. **Small-Scale Manufacturing** - Such as making jaggery.
3. **Transport** - Rickshaws, trucks, and carts.
4. **Shopkeeping** - Selling essential goods.

# Chapter 2: People as Resource

## Introduction
- People are considered an asset when educated and skilled.

## Economic Activities
1. **Primary Sector** - Agriculture, fishing, forestry.
2. **Secondary Sector** - Manufacturing, industries.
3. **Tertiary Sector** - Banking, transport, education.

## Role of Education & Health


- Improves productivity and employment opportunities.
- Government initiatives like Mid-Day Meal, Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan.

## Unemployment in India
1. **Seasonal Unemployment** - Job loss in off-seasons.
2. **Disguised Unemployment** - More workers than required in a
task.

# Chapter 3: Poverty as a Challenge

## Poverty Line
- Based on caloric intake and income.

## Causes of Poverty
1. **Low Income & Unemployment** - People lack stable jobs.
2. **High Population Growth** - Resources are divided among more
people.
3. **British Rule** - Weakened India's economy.
4. **Lack of Education & Health Facilities** - Poor cannot access good
education and healthcare.

## Government Measures
1. **MGNREGA** - Provides 100 days of employment.
2. **PDS** - Food distribution at subsidized rates.

# Chapter 4: Food Security in India

## Introduction
- Food Security means availability, accessibility, and affordability of
food.

## Green Revolution
- Increased food production through HYV seeds, irrigation, and
fertilizers.
## Types of Hunger
1. **Chronic Hunger** - Long-term food shortage.
2. **Seasonal Hunger** - Short-term hunger due to job loss.

## Public Distribution System (PDS)


- Government provides wheat, rice, and pulses at low prices.
- Issues: Leakage, corruption, and storage problems.

## Government Schemes
1. **Mid-Day Meal Scheme** - Food for school children.
2. **Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY)** - Food grains for the poorest.
3. **ICDS** - Nutrition for children and pregnant women.

# Key Takeaways
- Agriculture modernization is necessary.
- Human capital (education & health) is vital.
- Poverty is a challenge, but government schemes help.
- Food security is ensured through PDS.

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