PLAITING AND BRAIDING

Definition of terms

1.Consultation

Consultation is the process of communicating with a client to gather information about their
preferences, needs, health conditions, and expectations before performing any treatment or
service.

 A professional discussion that helps the stylist understand the client’s desired outcome.
 Involves reviewing the client's hair type, scalp condition, lifestyle, and previous
treatments.
 Essential for building trust and ensuring client satisfaction.
 Often includes a patch test (for chemical services) and reviewing contraindications.

Purposes/effects/reasons for consultation

 To recommend suitable hairstyles or treatments.

 To identify potential allergies or sensitivities.
 To explain procedures and manage client expectations.

2. Plaiting

Definition:

Plaiting is a hairstyling technique where three or more strands of hair are interlaced to form a
woven pattern.

 Often used for neat, secure styles that can last for days.
 Can be simple (like a three-strand plait) or complex (like fishtail or four-strand plaits).
 Common in natural hair care, traditional hairstyles, and protective styles.

Types of Plaits:

 Classic three-strand plait

 French plait
 Dutch plait
 Fishtail plait

Tools Used:

 Tail comb

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  Sectioning clips
 Hair bands
 Hair moisturizer or gel (optional)

3. Braiding

Definition:

Braiding is the technique of interweaving three or more sections of hair to create a structured
pattern, often used in cultural, protective, or decorative hairstyles.

 Braiding is a broader term that includes many complex styles, including cornrows, box
braids, and micro braids.
 Offers versatility, can be used for both styling and hair protection.
 May incorporate extensions or decorative elements (beads, threads).

Differences from Plaiting:

 While plaiting is usually flat and simple, braiding includes intricate designs and can be
done close to the scalp or free-hanging.
 Braiding is often more time-consuming and involves cultural significance.

Common Braiding Styles:

 Cornrows
 Box braids
 Twists
 Fulani braids
 Ghanian braids

4. Client Record Card

Definition:

A client record card is a documented form that contains personal, medical, and service-related
information about a client, maintained by professionals for reference and follow-up.

 Includes client’s name, contact details, medical history, allergies, and previous services.
 Tracks client preferences, hair conditions, and treatment outcomes.
 Legally important for health and safety, especially when using chemicals.

It also include Include

 Personal details

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  Health history
 Treatment record
 Patch test results
 Notes and observations

Importance in the Salon:

 Ensures continuity and personalization of service.

 Helps with rebooking and client retention.
 Supports hygienic and safe practices.

Client Consultation
1. Definition of Client Consultation
2. Client Consultation is the initial interaction between a beauty
professional and a client, where information is gathered,
analyzed, and discussed to determine the most suitable
treatments or services based on the client’s needs, preferences,
and physical conditions.

2. Importance of Client Consultation

Why It's Important Explanation

Ensures client satisfaction Helps understand what the client wants and avoids miscommunication

Ensures safety Identifies allergies, medical conditions, or contraindications

Builds trust and professionalism Shows you care about the client’s wellbeing and expectations

Helps with treatment planning Helps choose the right technique, product, and tools

Legal protection A signed consultation form can be used for liability purposes

3. Components of a Successful Consultation

A. Greeting and Professionalism

 Smile, introduce yourself.

 Establish rapport; use polite and respectful language.
 Create a welcoming environment.

B. Collecting Information

Use open-ended questions to find out:

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  Client's expectations and preferences
 Medical history (allergies, skin sensitivities, medications)
 Lifestyle and daily routines
 Past services and their outcomes

C. Observing the Client

 Examine skin, scalp, nails, or hair depending on the service.

 Note texture, condition, tone, and any abnormalities.
 Perform necessary tests (e.g. patch test, strand test).

D. Making Recommendations

 Suggest suitable services and explain why.

 Offer alternatives if needed.
 Be honest about what’s achievable based on the client’s condition.

E. Gaining Client Consent

 Explain procedures clearly.

 Ensure the client understands and agrees.
 Use a consultation or record card to document.

4. Tools Used in Client Consultation

Tool Purpose

Consultation form/record card To record all client info and treatment details

Patch test kit To check for allergic reactions to products

Mirror To help client visualize style changes

Portfolio or catalog To show available styles or treatments

Visual aids or charts For educating clients about options

6. Communication Skills to Emphasize

Skill Example

Active listening “So you’re looking for a low-maintenance haircut, is that right?”

Clarifying questions “Can you show me a picture of the look you’re aiming for?”

Empathy “I understand how sensitive your skin is—let’s choose a hypoallergenic option.”

Non-verbal cues Maintain eye contact, nod appropriately, smile

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7. Patch Testing and Contraindications

Patch Testing

 Required 24–48 hours before chemical treatments (e.g., hair dye, eyelash tint).
 Helps prevent allergic reactions.
 Document results on the client’s consultation form.

Contraindications

Conditions that may prevent or restrict a treatment:

 Skin infections
 Recent surgeries
 Scalp conditions
 Allergies
 Pregnancy (in some cases)

9. Sample Client Consultation Questions

Area Example Question

Service history “When was your last haircut/color treatment?”

Skin/hair condition “Have you noticed any irritation or sensitivity lately?”

Lifestyle “How much time do you spend on styling your hair daily?”

Preferences “Do you prefer bold or natural makeup looks?”

Personal Protective Gear (PPG)

Purpose of Personal Protective Gear:

 To protect both the cosmetologist and client from contamination, infection, chemicals, and
accidental injury.
 Ensures hygiene, professionalism, and safety in the salon environment.

Uses of Personal Protective Gear:

Protective
Uses
Gear

Worn by cosmetologists to protect clothing from chemicals, hair clippings, and products
Apron
during treatments.

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 Protective
Uses
Gear

Provides full-face protection from splashes, sprays, and respiratory droplets—especially

Face Shield
useful during chemical treatments or during infectious outbreaks (e.g., COVID-19).

Draper Covers the client to protect their clothing from hair, water, and chemicals. Used during
(Cape) haircuts, coloring, and styling.

Used for drying hair, wiping spills, or padding between client and draper for extra
Towel
protection and comfort.

Worn to reduce inhalation of dust, fumes, or hair particles. Also prevents spread of germs
Face Mask
between client and cosmetologist.

1.4 Hair and Scalp Analysis

Purpose:

To evaluate the client’s hair and scalp to determine the best treatment, products, and styling techniques
while avoiding any contraindications.

Elements of Hair and Scalp Analysis:

Aspect Explanation

Scalp Check for oiliness, dryness, flaking, inflammation, or tenderness. Determine if scalp is
Condition healthy or has abnormalities.

Texture Refers to the thickness of individual hair strands. Can be fine, medium, or coarse.

Refers to the number of hair strands per square inch. Classified as low, medium, or high
Density
density.

The hair’s ability to absorb moisture. Low porosity (tight cuticle), normal, or high porosity
Porosity
(damaged cuticle).

The hair’s ability to stretch and return to its original length without breaking. Indicates hair
Elasticity
strength.

Disorders Non-contagious conditions such as dandruff, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, alopecia.

Diseases Contagious conditions like ringworm (tinea capitis), lice (pediculosis), or scabies. These
require referral to a medical professional.
Disorders and diseases of scalp, skin and hair
Introduction
Micro-organism is a very tiny organism that cannot be seen by necked eyes. They
are also known as germs or microbes. Many microorganisms are quite harmless and

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Aspect Explanation

are known as non-pathogenic but some can cause diseases and are known as
pathogenic\germs.
The microorganisms that are found in body tissues and hair are;
1. Bacteria
2. Virus
3. Fungi
4. Parasites

The following are signs and symptoms of microbial attack;

- Inflammation
- Wounds
- Pimples
- Boils

Table 1 bacterial infectious diseases

Disease Causes Sing and Treatment
symptom measure
Furunculosis Caused by Pus fills spots Treatment by
(boils\pimples) staphylococci swelling and Doctor
infection of hair painful
follicle
Sycosis Bacteria attacks Small yellow spots Antibiotic given
the upper part of around the follicle, by the Doctor
hair follicle. This mouth burning,
may spread to the irritation and
lower follicle. general
inflammation.
Impetigo Bacterial infection First a burning Treatment by a
of the upper layer sensation, spot Doctor.
of the skin. Caused appear and
by staphylococci becomes dry to
form a yellow
crust.

Table 2virus infectious diseases

Disease Causes Sing and symptom Treatment
measure
Herps simplex A viral infection There is a burning Treatment by a
(cold sore) of the skin. irritation, swelling Doctor
Caused by and inflammation
exposure to and there is a fluid
extreme heat or filled blisters
cold or reaction of

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Aspect Explanation

food and drugs,

skin may carry the
virus for many
years
Herpes zoster A viral infection Painful blisters Treatment by a
(shingles) of the epidermis appear and mostly Doctor
and nerve endings occur on sides of
Caused by the body
chicken pox that
has been hidden in
the skin before it
comes out
Influenza A viral infection High temperature, With cold relief
(common cold) of the body. Virus fever, sneezing, treatment from the
attack the cells of aching etc. chemist or by
the body. Doctor if serious.
Warts\ verrucae A viral infection Raised roughened See a doctor
of the skin caused skin often brown or
by virus that discolored. There
attach the lower may be irritation
epidermis and soreness
Table 3 fungal infectious diseases
Disease Causes Sing and Treatment
symptom measure
Tinea capities Ring warm of the Circular areas of See a doctor
(ring warm) head (head lice) grey or white skin
caused by fungal surrounded by red
infection of the article rings, hair
skin or hair broken close to the
skin which looks
dry and rough. It
common in
children
Tinea pedis Ring warms of the Soft skin Treatment by a
(aticete foot rot) foot. Caused by sometimes doctor or products
fungi the attack bleeding, bad from a chemist.
between the toe. oduor, some
Can also be irritation etc.
caused by
standing for long
period of time.

Table 4; diseases caused by animal parasite

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Aspect Explanation

Disease Causes Sing and Treatment

symptom measure
Scabies Caused by a tiny An itchy rash See a doctor
animal mite which found under the
barrows through skin. Reddish
skin to lay its eggs spots and barrows
under the skin.
Pediculosis Infection of the An itchy reaction Treatment by a
capities head by lice. like a mosquito doctor.
Caused by bite. some people
pediculosis develop an allergic
humancus capities reaction with itchy
attacks the skin to red marks.
suck the blood. It Lice can be seen
lays eggs (ova) on parting the hair
the hair close to more commonly
the skin. the egg(nits) can
be struck on the
hair.

Non-Infectious Conditions of the Skin and Hair (Disorders)

1. Acne
Disorder of hair follicle and sebaceous glands caused by increase in sebum products
and other matters block of follicle and also hormonal imbalance.
Symptoms
Raised spots or bumps in the skin commonly on the face and forehead irritation and
inflammation.
Treatment is by doctor
2. Alopecia
Baldness or thinning of hair.
Example
Alopecia areata
Name given to baldness in circular areas. It is common to the scalp. If the condition
continues, they join to form alopecia totalis that is total baldness.
Alopecia universalis
This is a complete baldness of the body. Symptom- the hair is too thin near the scalp
Alopecia traction
It is the loss of hair that result from puling such in plucking, rolling, fight, curling,
brushing, straightening or leaving the hair in tight parts or pleat for a long period.
Areas of thinning hair are commonly to be seen on front hair line and the side.
3. Canities
Grey or white hair. Caused by uneven colour pigments.
Symptoms; white hair are seen on the scalp.
Treatment by tinting \ colouring
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 Aspect Explanation

4. Eczema\ dermatitis
Caused by allergic reactions of chemicals. It may be due to physical injury or
irritation. Avoid handling chemical products with bare hands
5. Pityriasis capities (dandruff)
Is the shedding of accumulation of large visible clumps of skin\scalp cells.
To treat use antidandruff medicine and shampoos

Plaiting and Braiding Tools and Equipment

Common Tools and Their Uses

Tool/Equipment Uses

Crotchet Needle Used for installing crochet braids by pulling synthetic hair through cornrows.

Includes rat-tail comb (parting), wide-tooth comb (detangling), and fine-tooth

Assorted Combs
comb (smoothing). Essential for sectioning and styling.

Scissors Used for trimming extensions, shaping braids, or cutting ends for neatness.

Weaving Needles Curved or straight needles used to sew weaves onto braided tracks.

Blow Dryer Used to dry and stretch natural hair before braiding; also helps set styles.

Head Dummy Used for practice by students or professionals. Helps in learning techniques
(Mannequin Head) and testing products safely.

Maintenance of Tools:

 Clean and sanitize combs, scissors, needles after each use.

 Oil and store scissors properly to prevent rusting.
 Check blow dryer for lint or debris and clean vents regularly.
 Store all tools in clean, dry, labeled containers.
 Replace damaged or broken tools immediately.

Plaiting and Braiding Products

Common Hair Products and Their Uses

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 Product Uses

Shampoo Cleans hair and scalp before plaiting. Removes oil, dirt, and product build-up.

Conditioner Restores moisture and manageability. Helps with detangling and softening hair.

Hair Nourishes the scalp and hair; often contains oils and vitamins. Used to reduce dryness
Food/Cream and promote hair growth.

Moisturizes and relieves itching on the scalp when hair is braided. Maintains shine and
Braid Spray
softness.

Sheen Spray Adds a glossy finish to braids or plaits. Used to give a polished, healthy look.

Storage Guidelines:

 Store in cool, dry places away from direct sunlight.

 Keep lids tightly closed to prevent contamination or product degradation.
 Label and date products to monitor expiration.
 Follow manufacturer’s instructions for shelf life.
 Maintain hygiene—never dip fingers directly into containers.

Client Hair and Scalp Preparation

Objective:

To prepare the client's hair and scalp properly before any plaiting or braiding service. This ensures
hygiene, ease of styling, and protects the hair and scalp during manipulation.

1. Undoing (Unbraiding or Removing Existing Styles)

 Purpose: To remove old braids, weaves, or styles before redoing hair.

 Process:
o Use the tail of a comb or your fingers to gently unravel braids or extensions.
o Start from the tips and move towards the roots to prevent breakage.
o Be gentle to avoid pulling or damaging the hair.

2. Detangling

 Purpose: To remove knots and tangles, ensuring smooth, manageable hair.

 Tools: Wide-tooth comb, detangling spray, conditioner.
 Process:
o Divide hair into sections.
o Start from the ends and work upwards.

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 o Apply conditioner or detangling product if needed.
o Handle hair gently to avoid damage.

3. Shampooing

 Purpose: Cleanses hair and scalp by removing dirt, oil, product build-up, and bacteria.
 Process:
o Wet the hair with warm water.
o Apply shampoo and massage into scalp using fingertips (not nails).
o Rinse thoroughly and repeat if necessary.

4 Conditioning

 Purpose: Restores moisture, adds softness, and makes detangling easier.

 Types: Rinse-out conditioner (short use), deep conditioner (longer penetration).
 Process:
o Apply evenly through the hair, avoiding the scalp.
o Leave in for 3–15 minutes (depending on type).
o Rinse thoroughly.

Principles of Shampooing and Hair Conditioning

Shampooing is the cleansing of hair and scalp by use of a shampoo product.
Shampoo is a liquid detergent used to cleanse hair and scalp.

Purpose of shampooing hair\ scalp

We shampoo hair to;
- Prepare hair for the next service
- Remove product build up
- To relax the client prior to the next service
- To stimulate the scalp
Factors to consider while choosing the right shampoo
- Texture, type and condition of the hair and scalp
- Frequency of shampoo
- Water quality
- The function of the shampoo
- Hair treatment plan
Types of shampoos
Acid balanced shampoos
Fall between the PH ranges of 4.5 to 5.6, any shampoo can be made acid balanced by the
addition of lactic acid, citric acid or phosphorous acid. They prevent dryness that is excess and
hair damaged during the cleaning process.
Conditioning shampoos
These are shampoos that contain conditioning agents in them. They make the hair smooth and
shiny to avoid damage on chemically treated hair and improve their manageability.
Medicated shampoos

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Contain special chemicals or drugs that are very effective in reducing excessive dandruff and
other scalp conditions. They are strong and affect the colour of the tinted or lightened hair.
Powder dry shampoo
This is given to clients whose health doesn’t require wet shampooing. A few of these products
are available in the market today.
Colour lightening shampoos
They add temporary colour to hair
Neutralizing shampoos
Stops further chemical reaction on hair
They return back hair to its normal PH
They lock the hair into its new straight form
Factors to consider while choosing the right shampoo
Texture, type and condition of the hair and scalp.
Fine hair requires shampoos that will that will not decrease or make it flappy. Instead choose a
shampoo that will add body or consider using hair thickener. Course air require a shampoo that
will tend to soften and make it more playable. Thick hair requires shampoo that will penetrate
and make good contact with all the hair and scalp.
Frequency of shampoo
If hair is washed once or more frequently choose a shampoo specially designed for frequently
usage e.g mild.
Water quality
If the water used in the salon is hard, use a soap less shampoo. If the water used in the salon is
soft water most types of shampoos can be used.
The function of the shampoo
Is the shampoo intended to colour, tone, condition or just clean the hair?
Hair treatment plan
What are you going to do with the hair later? some shampoo ingredients e.g lanolin coats the hair
shaft. This would prevent the penetration of the product into the cortex. So choose a shampoo
that opens the hairs cuticles and does not coat the hair shaft.
Chemistry of a shampoo
Shampoos contain two main ingredients water (ionized) and a base surfactant molecule. Water is
common in all shampoos and it has the highest percentage of composition. A base surfactant
molecule has got two ends; the tail and the head. The head is called hydrophilic meaning water
loving and the tail is called lipophilic meaning oil loving.

A base surfactant molecule

Figure 2:a shampoo molecule

How a shampoo molecule works
A shampoo base surfactant as got two ends, the head and the tail. The head is hydrophilic which
means water loving while the tail is lipophilic which means oil loving. During shampooing

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process, the hydrophilic which is the head attracts water while the lipophilic which is the tail
attracts grease and oil. The tail enters the hair first. The attraction action causes a push and pulls
force that causes all oil, dirt and all deposits on hair to roll up into small balls or globules that
can be easily washed away by water and rinsed out.

Figure3; how a shampoo molecule works (extracted from Milady (2012). Standard Cosmetology,
Metric Edition
Conditioning
This is done after shampooing or as part of treatment. It helps return natural oils that has been
removed by a shampoo from the hair.
Effects of conditioning
Closes hair cuticles and makes the hair smooth
It balances the acidity and alkalinity of the hair
It detangles the hair
Leaves air easy to manage
It repairs the broken or damaged hair fibers
Types of conditioners
1. Surface conditioner
They remain on hair shaft
They coat and smoothen hair
They add sheen to the hair and make it easy to manage.
2. Deep penetrating conditioners/treatments
They enter into the cortex through capillary action. They are designed to repair the chemical
structure fibers within the cortex which have been damaged or affected by the previous
hairdressing process.
3. Leave-in treatment

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are applied to the hair but not rinsed out. They work in the surface of hair and penetrate deep as
well.

Massage techniques used in shampooing and conditioning

Effleurage
smooth long strokes
Friction
This is a quick rubbing movement used when shampooing. Used to remove dirt, debris on the
scalp.
Petrisage
Is a deeper kneading circular movement and is used when conditioning the hair.
Tapotment
It is a stimulating tapping or patting movement. It is applied with the hands at the nape area
while rinsing shampoos and conditioners
Principles of Shampooing and Hair Conditioning
 Wet your client’s hair thoroughly with warm water: The first important step for a good hair
wash is rinsing client’s hair thoroughly. This helps you create more lather with less shampoo.
Use warm water (not hot) to wet your hair and open the scalp pores
 Use the correct shampoo: Choose a shampoo that suits your client’s scalp and hair type.
There are special shampoos for dry scalp, oily scalp, dandruff and other hair problems.
Similarly, there are shampoos for colored hair, frizzy hair and normal hair too.
 Massage your scalp: While you shampoo client’s hair, use your finger tips to massage clients
scalp in circular motion. Do not scrub; just simply rub and Rinse out all shampoo.
 Use the amount of conditioner recommended on the bottle (usually about the size of a
quarter).
 Spread it evenly on the ends of client’s hair. For long hair, spread it from tips the ends. Don’t
apply conditioner to your scalp.
 Run your fingers or a wide-tooth comb through the ends of client’s hair to work in the
conditioner.
 Let it stay on the hair for a moment, following instructions on the label. This is typically 1
minute.
 Use finger pads on the scalp. It will clean the dirt and remove dead cells from your scalp.
 Conditioner is not for the scalp: Conditioner is very important but it was never made for the
scalp! Apply conditioner from the mid length of your hair to the tips. Let it remain for a
couple of minutes to moisturize your strands before washing it off
 De-tangle your hair: While you condition the hair, de-tangle it. It will be easy for you to open
hair knots while the conditioner is on.
 Clean your clients scalp thoroughly with cold water. Shampoo or conditioner residue can
damage the scalp and cause dandruff too
 Avoid hot water on your hair: It will damage your scalp, roots and hair. Use warm water
while rinsing your hair before you shampoo, and cold water to rinse off the conditioner. Cold
water will close the open pores and seal the hair strands tight.
 Less is more: Follow the 'less is more' rule when using shampoo and conditioner during your
hair wash. Do not apply too much of shampoo or conditioner to your hair.

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5. Blow Drying

 Purpose: Dries and stretches the hair to prepare it for easier styling.
 Tools: Blow dryer with nozzle/comb attachment, heat protectant.
 Process:
o Apply heat protectant spray.
o Section the hair.
o Blow dry from roots to ends, using medium heat.
o Use a comb attachment or brush for stretching.

2.2 Plaiting and Braiding Procedures

Objective:

To learn various plaiting and braiding techniques used in hairstyling for both aesthetic and protective
purposes.

1. Plain Lines / Cornrows

 Description: Neat, narrow rows of braids that lie flat against the scalp.
 Method:
o Part the hair into straight or curved sections.
o Use underhand technique (pulling strands under each other) to create raised lines.
o Maintain even tension for neatness and comfort.

2. Twisting

 Description: Two strands of hair are twisted around each other.

 Method:
o Divide a section into two strands.
o Twist each strand in the same direction, then twist both together in the opposite
direction.
o Suitable for natural hair and used as a protective style.

3. Three-Strand Braiding

 Description: A classic plait using three strands interwoven in a regular pattern.

 Method:
o Divide a section into three equal parts.
o Cross one outside section over the middle, alternating sides.
o Secure ends with an elastic band.

4. Piece Line
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  Description: A technique involving added hair (extensions) to create longer or thicker braids.
 Method:
o Section natural hair and add synthetic hair piece as you braid.
o Blend both natural and synthetic hair for uniform look.

5. Zulu / Bantu Knots

 Description: Coiled buns made by twisting small sections of hair and wrapping them around
themselves.
 Method:
o Divide hair into small sections.
o Twist each section tightly and wrap into a knot.
o Secure at the base with a pin or tuck ends in.

6. Crocheting

 Description: Hair extensions are added using a latch hook through cornrows.
 Method:
o Start with cornrow base.
o Use crochet hook to pull pre-looped hair through the braid.
o Loop and tighten the extension.

Aftercare Advice

Objective:

To maintain healthy hair and scalp after braiding/plaiting and ensure the style lasts longer with minimal
damage.

Maintenance of Hair and Scalp

Guideline Explanation

Moisturize Regularly Use braid spray, leave-in conditioner, or oils to keep scalp and hair hydrated.

Cleanse Scalp Use a mild, diluted shampoo or scalp cleanser to remove buildup without
Weekly disturbing braids.

Tension can cause breakage or traction alopecia. Loosen styles if discomfort

Avoid Tight Styles
occurs.

Protect at Night Wear a satin bonnet, scarf, or sleep on a silk pillowcase to reduce friction and frizz.

Maintenance of the Service Offered

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 Service Aftercare Tips

Cornrows / Plaits Moisturize every 2–3 days; do not leave in for more than 6–8 weeks.

Twists / Bantu Knots Re-twist or re-knot as needed to maintain neatness; avoid overwashing.

Clean scalp with dry shampoo or diluted shampoo; avoid heavy oils on synthetic
Crochet Braids
hair.

Added Hair Styles Use lightweight products; avoid pulling when styling to prevent loosening.

Cleaning and Disinfecting Plaiting and Braiding Tools and Equipment

Importance:

 Prevents the spread of infections and diseases (e.g., lice, fungal infections).
 Ensures tools remain effective and durable.
 Maintains professionalism and client safety.

1. Combs

Step Description

Remove hair, dirt, and product residue by soaking combs in warm soapy water. Use a
Cleaning
brush to scrub between teeth.

Soak in EPA-registered disinfectant (e.g., Barbicide) for 10–15 minutes. Rinse thoroughly
Disinfection
and air dry on a clean towel.

Store in a clean, covered container or UV sterilizer. Do not place used and cleaned combs
Storage
together.

2. Blow Dryers

Step Description

Unplug the dryer. Remove filter (if detachable) and clean out lint using a small brush or
Cleaning
cloth. Wipe the outer surface with a damp cloth.

Wipe handle and nozzle with disinfectant spray or wipes after each use. Avoid spraying
Disinfection
directly into motor vents.

Maintenance
Regularly inspect cords for wear. Never immerse in water.
Tip

3. Crotchet Needles

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 Step Description

Cleaning Wipe off hair and product residue using warm soapy water. Dry completely.

Wipe with 70% isopropyl alcohol or soak metal tips in disinfectant for 10 minutes. Avoid
Disinfection
soaking wooden/plastic handles.

Storage Place in sterilized case or roll-up pouch away from moisture.

Cleaning the Workstation

Objective:

Maintain cleanliness to reduce cross-contamination, promote safety, and present a professional image
to clients.

1. Use of Waste Bins

Guideline Purpose

Use bins with lids Prevents odor and keeps pests away.

Line bins with disposable bags Makes disposal easier and more hygienic.

Empty regularly Prevents buildup of contaminated waste.

2. Waste Disposal Methods

Method Description

Burning Used for disposing of contaminated single-use items (e.g., gloves, tissues). Suitable
(Incineration) only in areas with proper facilities.

Organic waste (e.g., trimmed hair, biodegradable packaging) can be composted.

Composting
Not for chemically treated materials.

Separate plastic bottles, cans, paper, and unused packaging for recycling. Rinse out
Recycling
product containers before recycling.

Storage of Plaiting and Braiding Recyclable Supplies

Examples of Recyclable Supplies

 Plastic product containers (e.g., shampoo bottles)

 Packaging for extensions or braids

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  Cardboard boxes and paper materials

Proper Storage Methods:

Storage Practice Explanation

Mark bins for “Plastics,” “Paper/Cardboard,” and “General Waste” to ensure

Label Bins
proper sorting.

Use Shelves or Cabinets Keep items off the floor to maintain hygiene and reduce clutter.

Separate Clean vs. Used Always store cleaned recyclable items separately from used ones.

Keep Dry Store in dry areas to prevent mold, rust, or contamination.

Designated Recycle
Set up a recycling station in the salon for ease of use and education.
Corner

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