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DS Lesson 9

The document discusses the force-extension graph, illustrating how the extension of a spring varies with applied force according to Hooke's law. It explains that beyond a certain point, the spring becomes permanently deformed, and the graph's gradient represents the spring constant. Additionally, it covers the calculation of elastic potential energy and work done during stretching, along with exercises related to these concepts.

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27 views2 pages

DS Lesson 9

The document discusses the force-extension graph, illustrating how the extension of a spring varies with applied force according to Hooke's law. It explains that beyond a certain point, the spring becomes permanently deformed, and the graph's gradient represents the spring constant. Additionally, it covers the calculation of elastic potential energy and work done during stretching, along with exercises related to these concepts.

Uploaded by

lovejoy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DEFORMATION OF SOLIDS

Lesson 9: Force-extension graph

• A force-extension graph it shows how the extension of a spring varies with force.
• From Hooke’s law , Force is directly proportional to extension, i.e. if force is increased
then extension will also increase.
• Below is a typical force-extension graph

• Beyond point A, the graph is no longer a straight line. This is because the spring has
become permanently deformed. It has been stretched beyond its elastic limit.
• The gradient of the force-extension graph is spring constant, however if the graph is
extension-force graph then gradient = 1/k
• Area under the graph is called elastic potential energy, it is the energy stored during
stretching.
• Area under the graph = area of a triangle, Energy = ½ Fx, it is also equal to workdone
during stretching
• Since F=kx, then Energy = ½ kx2

Exercise

1. Figure 8.21 shows the force–extension graph for a metal wire of length 2.0 m and cross-
sectional area 1.5 × 10−7 m2
(a) Determine the energy stored in the wire when the extension is 0.8 mm

(b) Calculate the work done in stretching the wire between 0.4 mm and 0.8 mm.

2. A spring in a forcemeter has a spring constant of 2.1 × 102N/m


Calculate the
(a) work done in stretching the spring by 1.6cm
(b) Change in the stretching force if the extension is reduced by 5mm

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