Expression Description
. Indicates any character.
Indicates that the character that follows should be interpreted literally, instead of
\
as a special character. For example, \. indicates a literal '.'.
() Groups the operators that are inside the parentheses.
{n} Generates n instances of the previous item. For example, a{2} generates 'aa'.
Generates at least n instances but no more than m instances of the previous item.
{n,m}
For example, a{2,4} generates 'aa', 'aaa', or 'aaaa'.
Generates n or more instances of the previous item. For example, a{2,} generates
{n,}
'aa', 'aaa', 'aaaa', 'aaaaa', and so forth.
* Generates 0 or more instances of the previous item.
+ Generates 1 or more instances of the previous item.
? Generates 0 or 1 instance of the previous item.
| Generates an item on either side of the | character.
[aeiou] Generates any character inside the brackets.
[a-z] Generates any character in the specified range of characters.
[^aeiou] Generates any character except those inside the brackets.
Example
Expression Description
A simple
(F|M) representation of
gender.
A simple phone
[1-9][0-9]{2,2}-[1-9][0-9]{2,2}-[0-9]{4,4} number, represented
as 800-555-8446
International notation
\+1 (425|206)-[1-9][0-9]{2,2}-[0-9]{4,4} for a Seattle-area
phone number.
Zip code plus four
[1-9][0-9]{4}-[0-9]{4}
(such as 98008-2405)
[1-6]{1}[0-9]{1,3} (SE|NE|NW|SW) [1-2]{1}[0-9]{1,2}th (ST|CT|PL|
AVE), (Redmond, WA 9805[0-9]|Bellevue, WA 9800[1-9]| A simple street
Sammamish, WA 9807[0-9]|Seattle, WA 9806[0-9]|Issaquah, WA address.
9808[0-9])
Seattle|(New York)|Boston|Miami|Beijing|(Los Angles)|London|Paris A list of city names.
A simple e-mail
[a-z]{5,8}@(hotmail\.com|msn\.com|[a-z]{3,8}\.(com|net|org))
address.
[1-9][0-9]{3} [0-9]{4} [0-9]{4} [0-9]{4} Credit-card number.