TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1
1.1 Overview of PG Management
1.2 Importance of Digital Solutions in PG Management 1
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE SURVEY 2-3
2.1 Existing Research on PG Management Systems 2
2.2 Comparison Between Traditional and Digital 2
Systems
2.3 Case Studies and Existing Project 3
CHAPTER 3 PROBLEM STATEMENT 4
3.1 Existing System 4
3.2 Proposed System 4
CHAPTER 4 REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION 5
4.1 Hardware Requirements 5
CHAPTER 5 METHODOLGY 6-7
5.1 Requirement analysis 7
CHAPTER 6 SNAPSHOTS 8-9
CONCLUSION i
TOURISM MANAGEMENT 2024-25
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview of PG Management
Paying Guest (PG) accommodations are an essential part of urban housing, offering
temporary stays for students, working professionals, and travelers. Traditional PG management
relies heavily on manual record-keeping, leading to inefficiencies in handling tenant details, rent
payments, vacancy updates, and service requests. As digital solutions evolve, modern systems
streamline operations, ensuring seamless management, improved tenant experience, and optimized
business processes.
1.2 Importance of Digital Solutions in PG Management
With the growing demand for PG accommodations, property owners and managers require
efficient tools to oversee their businesses. Manual methods often lead to data mismanagement,
communication gaps, and operational delays. By leveraging technology, digital platforms enhance
accessibility, automate tasks, and provide real-time insights, reducing workload and improving
transparency. A well-designed PG management system simplifies tenant onboarding, rent
tracking, and property administration.
Introduction to the MERN Stack
The MERN stack—comprising MongoDB, Express.js, React.js, and Node.js—is widely used
for developing scalable web applications.
MongoDB: NoSQL database enabling flexible data storage.
Express.js: Lightweight server framework for backend development.
React.js: Frontend library offering dynamic and interactive UI.
Node.js: Runtime environment that allows JavaScript execution on the server.
By integrating the MERN stack, a PG management system can provide an efficient web
application with a user-friendly interface, secure database handling, and seamless functionality.
This report explores the implementation of PG Management using MERN, outlining system
features, design methodology, and technological benefits
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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 Existing Research on PG Management Systems
Various studies have explored the role of technology in streamlining PG management.
Researchers have identified challenges associated with manual record-keeping, such as
inefficiency, data redundancy, and poor tenant communication. The introduction of web-based and
mobile solutions has significantly improved the management process, offering better accessibility,
automation, and tenant engagement.
A study on rental management systems highlighted the need for centralized data storage and
automated rent collection. Many traditional PG systems rely on spreadsheets or paper-based
methods, leading to human errors and inconsistencies. Digital platforms overcome these
limitations by integrating real-time updates, secure payment gateways, and advanced search
functionalities.
2.2 Comparison Between Traditional and Digital Systems
Feature Tenant Registration Communication
Traditional System Paper forms Phone calls, word-of-mouth
Digital System (Using MERN) Online registration with Real-time notifications and
authentication messaging
Data Management Payment Handling Accessibility
Manual record-keeping Cash-based, manual entries Restricted to office hours
Automated database storage Secure payment gateways 24/7 availability via web
(MongoDB) application
The evolution of digital solutions showcases the benefits of automated workflows, remote access,
and improved business insights. PG owners can efficiently track vacancy status, manage bookings,
and streamline payments using a modern system.
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2.3 Case Studies and Existing Projects
Several existing hostel and PG management applications serve as references for implementation.
Case studies indicate that web-based solutions using MERN provide seamless user experiences
with optimized frontend (React.js) and backend (Express.js, Node.js) performance. Real-world
projects, such as hostel management portals, demonstrate how MongoDB ensures efficient data
handling and search capabilities.
University Governance and Management System using MERN – This study explores how
MERN technologies can enhance university management systems, improving efficiency and
accuracy in handling student records and administrative tasks.
Evaluation of Student Success Across Subjects using MERN – This paper discusses the
implementation of a student result management system using MERN, highlighting its benefits in
real-time data processing and user experience. It provides insights into how MERN can be applied
to structured data management, which could be relevant to PG management.
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CHAPTER 3
PROBLEM STATEMENT
3.1 Existing System
PG accommodations are traditionally managed using manual methods, such as paper-based record
keeping, spreadsheets, and direct communication. These conventional approaches lead to several
inefficiencies, including:
Difficulty in tracking tenant details and rent payments.
Lack of automation, resulting in delayed responses to inquiries.
Ineffective management of room availability, leading to double bookings or vacant rooms.
Security concerns due to improper storage of tenant information.
Limited accessibility, requiring physical presence for booking and inquiries.
Due to these challenges, PG owners struggle with operational efficiency, while tenants face
inconveniences in searching for accommodations and managing rent payments.
3.2 Proposed System
To overcome the limitations of the existing system, a PG Management System using MERN is
proposed. The system aims to:
Automate tenant registration through a seamless online platform.
Implement a centralized database (MongoDB) for storing tenant details securely.
Enable online rent tracking and payment processing.
Provide real-time updates on room availability and bookings.
Enhance communication with notifications and inquiry management.
Ensure data security with authentication mechanisms.
By leveraging the MERN stack, the proposed system will deliver an intuitive, scalable, and
efficient web application for PG management, improving accessibility for both tenants and
owners.
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CHAPTER 4
REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION
4.1 Hardware requirements
• Processor : 11th Gen Intel core i5
• Processor Speed : 2.40GHz
• RAM : 8GB
• Hard Disk : 512 GB SSD
• Graphics card : 2GB
• Key Board : Standard windows keyboard.
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CHAPTER 5
METHODOLOGY
The PG (Paying Guest) Management System is designed to streamline operations for PG
accommodations, enhancing tenant management, payments, and other administrative tasks. This
report outlines the methodology used for developing the system using the MERN stack.
1. Project Planning
The project was planned in multiple phases:
Requirement Gathering
Design
Development (Frontend and Backend)
Testing
Deployment
2. Technology Stack
The PGManagement system was developed using the MERN stack:
MongoDB – NoSQL database used to store tenant and PG data.
Express.js – Web framework for handling backend APIs.
React.js – Frontend library used for creating user interfaces.
Node.js – JavaScript runtime environment for running backend code.
3. Tools Used
Visual Studio Code – Code editor
Postman – API testing
MongoDB Compass – Database visualization
PowerShell/Command Prompt – Running local development servers
Git – Version control
4. System Design
Frontend was designed using React.js with components for Home, Add Tenants, View
Tenants, etc.
Backend APIs were created using Node.js and Express.js to handle data requests.
Database schema was designed using Mongoose to structure tenant data.
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5. Development Process
Created project folder and initialized frontend and backend using npx create-react-app and
npm init.
Installed required packages (e.g., mongoose, express, cors, axios).
Designed and built RESTful APIs in Express to perform CRUD operations.
Integrated frontend with backend using Axios to make HTTP requests.
Connected the backend to MongoDB using Mongoose.
6. Testing
Manual testing was performed on the UI to ensure correct data flow.
Postman was used to test backend routes and verify database interactions.
7. Deployment
The project can be deployed using services like Render, Vercel, or Heroku.
Currently, the project is run locally using PowerShell and Node.
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CHAPTER 6
SNAPSHOTS
Fig 6.1 login page.
Fig 6.2 Admin DashBoard Page
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Fig 6.3 Tenants Add, Update and delete page.
Fig 6.4 Search Tenants page.
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CONCLUSION
The development of a PG Management System using the MERN stack has been a transformative
endeavor in the field of digital accommodation management. By integrating MongoDB,
Express.js, React.js, and Node.js, the system offers a seamless, efficient, and scalable solution
tailored to meet the demands of PG owners and tenants. Throughout this journey, we have
explored numerous aspects, including system design, implementation, testing, and deployment, all
guided by the principles of agile methodology.
This conclusion encapsulates the key findings and reflections on the project’s success, challenges,
and prospective advancements.
Enhancing Efficiency and Automation
PG accommodations often face operational inefficiencies due to manual record-keeping, delayed
rent collection, poor communication, and ineffective tenant management. Traditional systems
suffer from data inconsistencies and a lack of centralized management. The introduction of the
MERN-based PG Management System has significantly transformed these core operations.
1. Digital Tenant Records: The system enables PG owners to maintain secure and structured
records of tenants, ensuring easy access to their details, contract durations, and rent
payment history.
2. Automated Rent Management: With integrated payment gateways such as Stripe or
Razorpay, rent transactions become seamless, reducing delays and enabling tracking.
3. Complaint Handling and Communication: The system incorporates real-time
communication features where tenants can lodge complaints, request services, or contact
PG owners without hassle.
4. Room Allocation & Availability Tracking: Dynamic room availability displays allow PG
owners to manage vacancies effectively, optimizing occupancy rates.
5. User Authentication and Security: Secure JWT-based authentication protects user data
from unauthorized access, ensuring compliance with privacy standards.
These automation elements elevate the overall efficiency and accuracy of PG operations, reducing
administrative overhead while enhancing transparency.
