VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Jnana Sangma, Belagavi-590018

INTERNSHIP REPORT
ON

"BACKEND DEVELOPMENT”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
For the Academic Year 2023-24
Submitted by:
Sonal Dev
(1MV20IS057)
Internship carried out at
WEBENGO
BENGALURU – 560001

Under the guidance of:

Mr. Vitesh M Ansh Tiwari
Assistant Professor, Dept. of ISE Product Manager,
Sir MVIT, Bengaluru Webengo

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

SIR M. VISVESVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
HUNASAMARANAHALLI, BENGALURU - 562157
 SIR M. VISVESVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
BENGALURU -562157

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

It is certified that the Internship work entitled "BACKEND DEVELOPMENT" is a

bonafide work carried out by Mr. Sonal Dev(1MV20IS057) in partial fulfillment for the
award of the Degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Information Science and Engineering of
the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi during the year 2023-24. It is certified
that all corrections and suggestions indicated for Internal Assessment have been incorporated
in the report. The report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in
respect of Internship work prescribed for the course of Bachelor of Engineering.

Name & Signature Name & Signature Name & Signature Name & Signature
Of Internal Coordinator Of Internal Guide Of HOD Of Principal

Mr. Vitesh Babu M. MR. RAGHAV S Dr. G C Bhanu Prakash Prof. Rakesh S G

Assistant Professor Associate Professor Head of Dept Principal

Dept. of ISE, Sir MVIT Dept. of ISE, Sir MVIT Dept. of ISE, Sir MVIT SIR MVIT

External Examination:
Name of the Examiners Signature with date

1)

2)
COMPANY CERTIFICATE

I
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I cannot express enough of my sincere gratitude to Mr. Ansh Tiwari, Manager,

Webengo, for providing me the opportunity and the resources to work under them on their
company’s project and for providing me their invaluable help when I found myself in a spot of
bother.

This internship consumed a huge amount of work, research and dedication. Still,
implementation would not have been possible if I did not have the support of many individuals.
Therefore, I would like to extend my sincere gratitude to all of them. First of all, I am thankful to
my Principal Dr. S G RAKESH for providing me with all the necessary permissions to work on
the internship.

I am also grateful to Dr. G. C. Bhanu Prakash, Head of Department Information Science

and Engineering, for provision of expertise, and logistical support during the course of the
internship.

I would also like to thank the internal guide , Mr. Raghav S Associate Professor,
Information Science and Engineering for always being there to clarify my queries and give me
valuable suggestions.

Nevertheless, I express my gratitude towards my family and friends for their kind
cooperation and encouragement which helped me in the completion of this internship successfully.

I
❖ History of the Organization:

Webengo was incorporated with a goal “To provide high quality and optimal
Technological Solutions to business requirements of our clients”.

Every business is different and has a unique business model and so are the technological
requirements. They understand this and hence the solutions provided to these requirements are
different as well. They focus on clients' requirements and provide them with tailor-made
technological solutions.

They also understand that Reach of their Product to its targeted market or the automation
of the existing process into e-client and simple process are the key features that our clients desire
from Technological Solution they are looking for and these are the features that we focus on
while designing the solutions for their clients.

❖ Objectives:
Webengo believes that technology, when used properly, can help any business to scale
and achieve new heights of success. It helps improve efficiency, profitability, and reliability; to
put it in one sentence, “Technology helps you to Delight your Customers” and that is what we
want to achieve.

Smart solutions are at the core of all that we do at Webengo. Our main goal is to find
smart ways of using technology that will help build a better tomorrow for everyone, everywhere.
SaaS offers a variety of advantages over traditional software licensing models and We here at
Webengo tend to include the key features of SaaS in everything we build.

❖ Operation of the Organization:

Webengo is a full-stack technology organization offering comprehensive solutions for
web design and development, including MERN (MongoDB, Express.js, React, Node.js) stack
technologies, MYSQL, PYTHON Programming, HTML, CSS, ASP.NET, and LINQ.

In response to the growing need for automation, Webengo specializes in ERP,

Connectivity, SEO Services, Conference Management, effective web promotion, and customized
software products, tailoring solutions to meet clients' specific requirements.
 The organization boasts a diverse team of professionals who are committed to
delivering excellence in line with industry standards. Our team comprises young, enthusiastic,
passionate, and creative individuals dedicated to driving technological innovations in Mobile
technologies, Web applications, Business, and Enterprise solutions.

At Webengo, our motto is to "Collaborate with our clients to provide them with the best
technological solutions, thus creating a better present and future for our clients, which will have
a cascading positive effect on their business. Providing a complete suite of technical solutions is
not just a tagline; it is our vision for our clients and for us. We are committed to striving hard to
achieve it.

❖ Structure of the Organization:

Webengo plays an essential role as an institute, emphasizing the importance of education

and the development of student skills based on their trainers. Having a good mentor is crucial, as
it can significantly impact one's educational and personal development. At Webengo, we provide
skilled employees to ensure that students feel secure and supported in their academic pursuits.

We understand that mentorship plays a vital role in personality development and

academic success. Well-trained mentors can greatly contribute to a student's future success.
Recognizing this, Webengo is committed to providing the best mentors to our students.

We have a dedicated team of skilled mentors who are always prepared to guide their
trainees in the best possible way. To ensure the skills of our mentors remain top-notch, we
organize numerous skill development programs. These programs help our mentors align their
skills with the demands of the industry, ensuring that they can prepare our students to be well-
rounded and fully equipped for the workforce.
❖ Services Offered:

Webengo provides solutions for all web design and development needs, including
expertise in the MERN (MongoDB, Express.js, React, Node.js) stack, as well as various other
technologies such as MYSQL, PYTHON Programming, HTML, CSS, ASP.NET, and LINQ.

Webengo specializes in ERP, Connectivity, SEO Services, Conference Management,

effective web promotion, and tailor-made software products, designing solutions that best suit
clients' requirements.

Services provided by Webengo include the following:

 Core Java and Advanced Java

 Web services and development

 Dot Net Framework

 Python

 Selenium Testing

 MERN (MongoDB, Express.js, React, Node.js) stack

 Academic Project Guidance

 On The Job Training

 Software Training
 ABSTRACT

Backend development involves implementing the server-side logic and database

interactions of an application. In the context of the MERN (MongoDB, Express.js, React,
Node.js) stack, the backend developer focuses on designing and developing the server-side
application using Node.js and Express.js, and integrating with MongoDB for database storage.
The backend developer ensures that the application's APIs and data models are efficiently
implemented to support the frontend features, such as event creation and user registration.

For example, in creating an Event Scheduler Website, the backend developer would work
on designing and developing the server-side application to handle event creation, user
registration, and other backend functionalities. The goal is to create a robust and scalable server-
side architecture that complements the frontend user interface, providing a seamless experience
for both organizers and users.

Additionally, the backend developer is responsible for ensuring the security and
performance of the application, implementing authentication and authorization mechanisms, and
optimizing database queries and server-side code for efficiency. Effective communication and
collaboration with frontend developers and other team members are also key aspects of backend
development to ensure the successful delivery of the project.
 CONTENTS

Certificate – College I

Certificate - Company II

Acknowledgement III

About the company IV

Abstract VII

Table of Contents VIII

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1

Chapter 2 REQUIREMENTS 7

Chapter 3 IMPLEMENTATION 9

Chapter 4 RESULTS 20
 FULL STACK WEB DEVELOPMENT

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

◆ Backend Development:
Backend development using the MERN (MongoDB, Express.js, React, Node.js) stack
involves creating the server-side logic and database interactions for web applications. This
process includes designing, coding, testing, and deploying the backend of a web application.

It requires working with various technologies and tools, including Node.js for server-side
logic, Express.js for building APIs, MongoDB for database storage, and React for the frontend
user interface. Full stack development in this context refers to the development of both the
frontend and backend components of a web application, ensuring a seamless user experience.

Backend Development

➢ Backend:

Backend refers to the server-side of a web application, which is responsible for managing
data and logic. It includes the server, the database, and the application itself. The backend is
responsible for processing requests from the frontend, performing operations such as database
queries or calculations, and sending the results back to the frontend for display to the user. In the
context of web development, the backend is where the business logic of the application is

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implemented, and it is typically not visible to the end user.

⚫ Backend Languages:

Backend languages are programming languages used to write the server-side code of web
applications. Some common backend languages include:

1. JavaScript (Node.js): JavaScript is a popular language for both frontend and backend
development. Node.js allows JavaScript to be used on the server side, making it a full-stack
language.

2. Python: Python is known for its readability and ease of use. It is commonly used for
backend development due to its versatility and large standard library.

3. Java: Java is a robust and widely-used language, especially in enterprise-level

applications. It is known for its performance and scalability.

4. Ruby: Ruby is appreciated for its simplicity and productivity. It is often used with the
Ruby on Rails framework for rapid development.

5. PHP: PHP is a server-side scripting language that is specifically designed for web
development. It is widely used and has a large ecosystem of frameworks and libraries.

6. C#: C# is primarily associated with Microsoft technologies, particularly the .NET

framework. It is used for building web applications and services on Windows platforms.

These languages are used to write the logic that powers the backend of web applications,
including handling requests, interacting with databases, and processing data. Each language has
its own strengths and is chosen based on factors such as project requirements, developer
expertise, and scalability needs.

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➢ Database:

Database is the collection of inter-related data which helps in efficient retrieval, insertion
and deletion of data from database and organizes the data in the form of tables, views, schemas,
reports etc.

Some of the most popular databases used for web development include:

Oracle: Oracle database is the collection of data which is treated as a unit. The purpose
ofthis database is to store and retrieve information related to the query. It is a database server and
used to manage information.

MongoDB: MongoDB, the most popular NoSQL database, is an open source document-
oriented database. The term ‘NoSQL’ means ‘non-relational’. It means that MongoDB isn’t based
on the table-like relational database structure but provides an altogether different mechanism for
storage and retrieval of data.

Sql: Structured Query Language is a standard Database language which is used to create,
maintain and retrieve the relational database.

Redis: An open-source, in-memory data structure store often used as a database, cache,
and message broker. It is known for its high performance and versatility.

Neo4j: A popular graph database used for managing and querying highly interconnected
data. It is commonly used for applications involving complex relationships, such as social
networks and recommendation systems.

PostgreSQL: Another open-source RDBMS known for its advanced features such as
support for JSON, full-text search, and custom data types. It is favored for its scalability and
extensibility.

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Fig.: Technologies related to Full Stack Development.

◆ Introduction to Web Apps:

Web applications are similar to the traditional applications you’d install on your system,
such as Microsoft Office. They are able to perform the same kinds of tasks, they look the same
and they feel the same but there is one key difference - the application itself is not installed on
your phone or system, but lives in the cloud.

Web apps are not new, but it used to be that they were often unable to compete with more
traditional applications for business critical functions or where rich user interaction was required.
This is no longer the case. With the power of modern web technologies, we are able to design and
build performing, secure, and feature rich applications that live in the cloud and bring with them
a huge number of benefits. The benefits include the following:

1. They can be accessed from anywhere.

• Because web applications are built with web technologies and they run in a web browser
like Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox — this allows them to be accessed
from every web enabled tool. As long as you have an internet connection you can use them.

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• It allows for remote working, it allows for rapid publishing of content, it allows for real
time collaboration between teams. If you have web access, you have the ability to access
your business tools.

2. They are cost effective.

• Web applications are cheaper to produce and maintain than traditional applications. No
matter how many platforms your business uses (Mac, Linux, Windows), web application
build can be used across them all.

3. They benefit from more rapid update cycles.

• A huge benefit of web applications is that when an update is released, all of your users are
immediately using that version. This doesn’t happen with installed applications, especially
in large organizations with IT policies that restrict administrator access.

4. They are secure.

• Web developers have had to become experts in security — the web is a platform designed
to share everything with everyone! As such, the types and levels of security included in
web applications are often far greater than those seen in traditional applications.
• They also benefit from the ability to launch updates in real-time — the application on the
servers is the application people are using. The applications on people’s laptops however
is the version last installed. And when those laptops get left on a train it’s not a concern,
as nothing is stored locally.

5. They enable more computing with fewer Information.

• Web applications push all of the hard work to the servers, and act as intermediaries
between the user interface and the calculations happening behind the scenes. This means
you can accomplish terrifyingly complex work on a tablet, or your phone.
• We’ve built web applications that allow people to understand the complex relationships
between 250,000 pieces of art on their phones, and applications that run the business
systems of one of the largest solar energy providers in the world. Often these products are
not financially viable to build using traditional application processes.

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Chapter 2

REQUIREMENTS

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CHAPTER 2
REQUIREMENTS

2.1 Hardware Requirement Specification:

✓ Processor: Intel Core i5

✓ Hard disk : 100GB or higher

✓ Operating System : Windows 10

✓ RAM: 4GB or more

2.2 Software Requirement Specification:

✓ Programming Language: React Typescript, Bootstrap, JavaScript

✓ Web Browser: Microsoft Edge/Google Chrome/Mozilla Firefox

✓ IDE: VS Code, Sublime Text Editor

✓ Version control system: Git, GitHub

✓ Database : MongoDB

✓ Backend TechStack: Node Js, Mongoose , Apollo Server Express

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Chapter 3

IMPLEMENTATION

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CHAPTER 3

IMPLEMENTATION

3.1 Existing System:

For a backend system that allows users to select different templates for their website, you
can consider using a Content Management System (CMS) or a Web Development
Framework. Here are a few options:
• 1. WordPress: It's a popular CMS that offers various themes/templates, and
users can select and customize them through the admin panel.
• 2. Drupal: Another CMS that provides a robust theming system, allowing
users to select from different templates.
• 3. Joomla: Similar to WordPress and Drupal, Joomla offers a range of
templates for users to choose from.
• 4. React.js with Node.js backend: For more custom development, you can use
React.js for the frontend and Node.js for the backend. You can create a system
where users can select different templates, and the backend serves the
corresponding templates to the frontend.
• 5. Express.js with MongoDB: If you prefer a MERN stack, you can use
Express.js for the backend with MongoDB as the database. You can create a
system where users' template choices are stored in the database and served
accordingly..

3.2 Disadvantages of the Existing System:

If you're referring to existing CMS systems like WordPress, Drupal, or Joomla for
allowing users to select templates, here are some potential disadvantages:
• 1. Complexity: These CMS systems can be complex, especially for users with
limited technical knowledge. Managing themes and templates might require
some learning curve.
• 2. Limited Customization: While these systems offer a range of templates,
customization options might be limited. Users might find it challenging to
make significant design changes without advanced knowledge or additional
plugins.

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• 3. Performance Overhead: Some CMS systems can introduce performance

overhead, especially if many plugins or complex themes are used. This can
impact the speed and responsiveness of the website.
• 4. Security Concerns: CMS systems are often targets for hackers due to their
widespread use. Keeping the system, themes, and plugins up-to-date is crucial
for security, which can be a maintenance challenge.
• 5. Dependency on Third-party Themes: Users might become dependent on
third-party themes, which can lead to compatibility issues, especially when
CMS updates are released.
• 6. Cost: While many CMS systems are open-source, there can be costs
associated with premium themes, plugins, and hosting, especially for websites
with high traffic or specific requirements.
• 7. Lack of Flexibility: Users might find it challenging to implement custom
features or designs that are not supported by the existing themes or plugins,
requiring custom development or workarounds.
It's important to evaluate these factors based on your specific needs and consider if a
CMS system is the best fit for your project.

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3.3 Proposed System:

For a system that allows users to select different templates for their website, you could
consider building a custom solution using a combination of technologies. Here's a
proposed system outline:
• 1. Frontend Framework: Use a frontend framework like React.js for building
the user interface. React.js allows for dynamic rendering of templates and
easy management of user interactions.
• 2. Backend Server: Use Node.js with Express.js as the backend server to
handle template selection requests from the frontend and manage the
templates' storage and retrieval.
• 3. Database: Use MongoDB or another database system to store the
templates and related data. This allows for efficient retrieval and
management of templates based on user selections.

3.4 Advantages of the Proposed System:

The proposed system for allowing users to select different templates for their website
offers several advantages over traditional CMS systems. Here are some key advantages:
• 1. Customization: Users can select from a range of templates and customize
them according to their specific needs and preferences. This flexibility allows
for more unique and personalized websites.
• 2. User-Friendly Interface: The system can be designed with a user-friendly
interface that makes it easy for users to browse, select, and customize
templates without requiring advanced technical knowledge.
• 3. Performance: By using a custom-built system, you can optimize
performance by reducing unnecessary overhead that might be present in
traditional CMS systems. This can result in faster loading times and improved
overall performance.
• 4. Scalability: The system can be designed to be scalable, allowing for easy
addition of new templates and features as the platform grows.
• 5. Security: A custom-built system can be designed with security in mind,
reducing the risk of vulnerabilities that are often associated with traditional
CMS systems.
• 6. Cost-Effectiveness: While there may be initial development costs, in the
long run, a custom-built system can be more cost-effective than traditional
CMS systems, especially for larger websites with specific requirements.
• 7. SEO-Friendly: The system can be designed to incorporate SEO best
practices, ensuring that websites created using the system are optimized for
search engines.

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3.5 Implementation Modules:

➢ Home Section:
⚫ This give the full summary of the technologies we have used out here with the brief
description
⚫ Make sure the website is mobile-responsive, so users can easily access it from their
smartphones and tablets.
⚫ Providing the user with both of the light mode and the dark functionality with just a
toggle button.

➢ Sign Up Section:
• Providing login and sign up button for easy access in top right corner.

• Letting user to give old credentials through which he/she has logged in previously in
the application.

• Letting user to create a new account by providing username and password.

• Implemented Data Validation for password so their account will be much secure by
following best practices.

➢ Profile Section:
• Making User able to add much more information to app by editing their profile
section.

• Here Data Validation is kept in mind for the fields like phone number and all.

➢ Create Event Section:

• User can organize an event by filling in details like Title , date and description.

• Data Validation is also done for the date section.

• Providing option to make event public (by default) or private .

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➢ Edit Event Section:

• User can update details of particular event if he/she has created that event in the past.

• Allowing them to even delete their events from eventlist.

➢ All Event Section:

• This section let any user to show all the events happening along with the description
and timeline.

• Making them able to search for particular events in the search box provided.

• Provided events with their respective tags helping them to better detail at the first
glance.

➢ Categorizing Events:
• Categorizing the events with all , upcoming and expired events helping user to find
out their events easily.

• Expired events has been marked with the tag.

3.6 Implementation Process:

This Event Scheduler is a web application that allows users to create, update, and delete events,
as well as search and paginate through events. The frontend of the application is built using
React with React hooks and Typescript, and is styled using Bootstrap/react-bootstrap and
Styled Components. The frontend also uses Apollo client for data management, and JS Cookie
for storing user authentication tokens.

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The backend of the application is built using NodeJS with Express and Typescript, and uses
Apollo Server Express for GraphQL API implementation. The database used for this
application is MongoDB with Mongoose, and JSON web tokens are used for user
authentication.

The project implements Apollo's advanced caching mechanisms for better performance,
ensuring that posting or fetching data from the server is only performed when needed. The
application also uses GraphQL Code Generator to generate GraphQL schemas, ensuring that
the .graphql files in the frontend are updated accordingly.

The application provides users with functionality to sign up and login, create, update, and delete
events, and make events private so that they are only visible to creators.

The application also includes a session expiry warning that is displayed when the user is idle
for 3 minutes after logging in. Users can also share events with family and friends on Facebook
and Twitter. The application provides a powerful GraphQL IDE, GraphQL Playground, to help
test schemas locally, enabling better local development workflows.

The implementation phase of the project "Event Scheduler Site" was a critical step in bringing
the design to life. First, a detailed plan for implementing the various components and features
of the front end, including the user interface and navigation elements was developed. Once the
plan was finalized, the code for the front end was written using React, Bootstrap v5 and
JavaScript.

This involved creating various modules and components and integrating them into the overall
architecture of the front end. Throughout the implementation phase, it was ensured that the
front end was user-friendly, secure, and scalable. Close attention was paid to the performance
of the front end, implementing various techniques to improve its speed and ensuring that it was
responsive, i.e, it can be accessed clearly and to its full potential from any device with internet
access, irrespective of its screen size and resolution.

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3.7 Code Snippets:

i. Main.js(Node js):

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ii. Server.js-

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iii. package.json –

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Chapter 4

RESULTS

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CHAPTER 4
RESULTS

HOME PAGE:

LOGIN PAGE:

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USER DETAILS:

SERVICES PROVIDED:

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CONCLUSION

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CONCLUSION

A good backend website is crucial for ensuring a smooth user experience and efficient
management of content and data. It should be robust, secure, and scalable to accommodate
growth and changing needs. Here are key points to consider for a good backend website:

❖ Performance: Ensure the backend is optimized for speed and responsiveness. This
includes efficient code, optimized database queries, and proper caching
mechanisms.

❖ Security: Implement strong security measures to protect against common

vulnerabilities such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and cross-site
request forgery (CSRF). Use encryption for sensitive data and ensure secure
authentication methods.

❖ Scalability: Design the backend to be scalable, allowing it to handle increased

traffic and data volume without performance degradation. Consider using cloud
services for scalability and flexibility.

❖ Reliability: Ensure the backend is reliable and available, minimizing downtime and
ensuring data integrity. Use monitoring tools to detect and address issues
proactively.

❖ Flexibility: Design the backend to be flexible and adaptable to changing

requirements. Use modular and reusable code to facilitate future updates and
enhancements.

❖ User-Friendly Interface: Provide a user-friendly interface for managing content and

data. This includes easy-to-use tools for adding, editing, and deleting content, as
well as robust search and filtering capabilities.

❖ Integration: Ensure the backend can easily integrate with other systems and
services, such as third-party APIs, to enable additional functionality and data
exchange.

❖ Documentation: Provide thorough documentation for developers and administrators

to understand the backend architecture, APIs, and best practices for maintenance
and troubleshooting.

❖ In conclusion, a good backend website is one that is fast, secure, scalable, reliable,
flexible, user-friendly, and well-documented. By focusing on these key areas, you
can build a backend that meets the needs of your users and supports the success of
your website or application.

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