'Overview of disruptive

technologies affecting you and

your business
Skill Development Presentation
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Question for you

Technology drives business

or
Business drives Technology?
 DIGITALIZATION – ARE YOU READY FOR THE
NEW WAVE?
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SMAC
The game changers for the Indian ITindustry
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 Increasing social networking

Social links people to their friends, work

and each other in new and unexpected
ways

by a widening base of mobile/tablet users

M obile devices are

a platform for effective social
networking and new ways to work

presents opportunities for analytics

Analytics (Big Data) helps gain

meaningful insights from the
information, facilitating informed
decision making

enabled by cloud computing

Cloud enables delivery of information

and functionality to users and systems
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SOCIAL
Why is it important forbusinesses today?
As per comScore1 an average Indian spent 25% of
his/her online time on social networking sites such
as Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter and Google+
From being an avenue for simply connecting with
family & friends, social media is increasingly being
used for customer engagement and brand building
by firms all across the world
The important social media for business cannot be
overemphasized in the company years. Whether you
are a small business owner, or somebody more
focused on understanding large business customer‘s
habits and outcomes, social media matters.
Regardless of industry, social media has proven to
work across the board for many companies
The world‘s top brands are using social media as a
meaningful way of deepening relationships with
their customers
By using social media as a means of interacting with
their customers, businesses can today target their
customers in a more informed way and also gain real-
time feedbacks from them

“ In the coming years, if not sooner, social media will become a powerful tool that consumers will aggressively use to
influence business attitudes and force companies into greater socialresponsibility”

1. comScore Press Release dated 19 August 2012

SOCIAL How businesses are using social networks to increase sales…
▪ Brand-
▪ Objective - Bring Citibank card customers a unique
shopping experience during the festive period. Provide a
fillip to the Indian e-commerce industry by benefiting
partnering e-tailers
▪ Execution -
• A pendulum shaped, countdown cover imageof
the OMG! Sale campaign as a teaser was
uploaded on Facebook
• A dedicated Citibank OMG! Sale event page
was created
• The event link was shared on the brand‘s
Facebook wall
• Interesting OMG! Videos were shared on
Citibank India‘s Facebook wall
Key Results • Updates shared about the launch of the OMG!
▪ Citibank card spends grew eight times over Sale
average daily spends at the 17 partner websites
▪ The average ticket size increased by 30% for the
partner websites on Citibank cards “This (social media) is perhaps the only mediumthrough
which one can engage and intrigue their
▪ Citibank India Fanpage achieved the highest reach consumers, create conversations and connect with them
ever visits in 2012 – 20,95,104 and the highest virality based on their preference.”
– 7.63% during the OMG! Sale
Source:- Socialsamosa.com
-Mr. Sandeep Arora, Director Marketing , Intel South Asia
MOBILE
Enterprise Mobility : Access Data..Anytime..Anywhere
▪ Anytime, anywhere access to data has become critical for businesses to excel in today's competitive environment
▪ Today, when organizations are facing unprecedented pressure to be innovative and cost-sensitive, Enterprise Mobility
is bridging the gap between ‗People‘ & ‗Process‘ by providing access to critical data in realtime
▪ As business are switching to enterprise mobility, importance of mobile devices like tablets, smartphones, sensors &
connected devices (like handheld sales devices) are increasing

Enterprise Mobility Increased Productivity & Efficiency

Leads to
• By providing access to data remotely
• Using mobiles to implement workflows
✓ Services on the go
Heightened Customer & Employee
✓ Approval on the go Which
Satisfaction
leads to
✓ Sales on the go • Real time data access reduces workload
• Customer interactions are more responsive
✓ Projects on the go
Reduced Paperwork

• Due to digitalization of documents

• Instructions being triggered with tap of a finger
MOBILE
Applications: Types of Applications
Basic Applications Generic Applications Industry Specific Applications
Provides basic functionalities to Provides applications across Solutions that are domain or
mobile environment industries organization specific

B2B - Financial – Mobile

Email Supply Chain Banking, Trading
Management Platforms

B2C -
Messenger Customer Media – TV
Relationship Everywhere
Management

B2E - Hospitality –
Calendar
Enterprise Customer Service
Resource
Management

Tasks Retail – Mobile

Commerce

Transportation –
Navigation, Ticketing
Apps
MOBILE Use of Mobile Applications

B2B App : TVS Automobile

Used B2B app on dealers mobile to update sales, service & spare parts availability
details

Resulted in dealer productivity improvement by 300%

B2E App : AFL Courier

Consignment delivery executives were provided with a mobile app used to update the
delivery status
Resulted in significant reduction in delivery to cash cycle

B2C App: Basix India

BASIX Krishi adopted a mobile advisory system to provide farmers with timely and
contextualized information such as market prices and weather conditions
Increased efficiency and reduced human resource cost
ANALYTICS
What is the need for it?
▪ 2.5 billion gigabytes of data is generated everyday
▪ 90% of the data available today has been created in the
past 3-4 years
▪ The amount of data generation is primarily driven
because of the use of click stream, mobile apps and
social media
▪ Facebook generates 500 terabytes of data everyday
and Twitter generates 12 terabytes of data everyday
▪ Organizations across the globe are now looking at this
pool of data to determine how best it can be mined and
gauge their customers‘ likes and dislikes
▪ As data from weblogs, social media
posts, sensors, images, emails, audio and video files
emerge as sources of insights, it presents a huge
competitive opportunity for businesses

The need to derive predictive and actionableinsights from

this data for improved business operationsand better
decision making is what drives Big Data analytics
CLOUD COMPUTING
When & What
▪ Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services over the internet which allows individuals & businesses to
use software & hardware that are managed by third parties at a remote location. It provides a shared pool of
resources including data storage space, networks, computer processing power & specialized corporate/user
applications
▪ Cloud services are popular because they can reduce the cost and complexity of owning and operating computers
and networks as cloud users do not have to invest in information technology infrastructure, purchase hardware or
buy software licenses
▪ The benefits are low up-front costs, rapid return on investment, rapid deployment, customization, flexible use and
solutions that can make use of new innovations
▪ Emergence of ‗as a
▪ Other benefits to users include scalability, reliability, and efficiency
service‘ paradigm
▪ IT Infrastructure ▪ Collaborative
management solutions that carter
▪ Dot Com services provided to real time
revolution by 3rd party information
▪ Rise in demand ▪ Emphasis on
providers management
of PC ▪ Birth of
▪ Start of networking & ▪ Movement from
automation phase ▪ Decentralized demand for infrastructure CapEx to OpEx
computing & bandwidth outsourcing –
▪ Requires ▪ Delivery of
Birth of IT started reduced cost &
significant IaaS, PaaS & SaaS
Services increasing increased focus on
infrastructure & services
industry core activities
CapEx

Pre 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010+

Mainframes Rise of PC LAN Applications WAN Applications Cloud Computing

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 Decision Making – What is your approach?

Vs

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Decision Making - Traditional vs Modern Approach
Boardroom of the Future
What is Data Analytics?

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DIKW Pyramid
Business Analytics - Introduction

Analytics is the use of:

data,
information technology,
statistical analysis,
quantitative methods, and
mathematical or computer-based models
to help managers gain improved insight about their
business operations and make better, fact-based
decisions.
Business Analytics - Importance

Importance of Business Analytics

 There is a strong relationship of BA with:
- profitability of businesses
- revenue of businesses
- shareholder return
 BA enhances understanding of data
 BA is vital for businesses to remain
competitive
 BA enables creation of informative reports
How decision making process evolved in corporate

EVOLUTION OF ANALYTICS
Evolution of Business Analytics
Evolution of Business Analytics
Evolution of Business Analytics
Why Now (Moore, Moore, Moore)

• Technology
– Cost of storage and computing power has
decreased exponentially
• Data
– Third-party data is becoming increasingly
available
– Companies are learning to do more with their
internal data
• Software and algorithms
– Great analytic ideas keep coming from statistics, What is Moore’s law????
economics, machine learning, marketing, …
– Free tools like R

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What’s in it for me…. 25 Hottest Skills in India on LinkedIn
• Statistical analysis and data mining
• Storage systems and management
• Cloud and distributed computing
• Data Scientist: The Sexiest Job of the 21st Century • PR and communications
• Network and information security
• The shortage of data scientists is becoming a serious • Social media marketing
constraint in some sectors • Algorithm design
• Perl/Python/Ruby
• Web architecture and development
framework
• Mac, Linux and Unix Systems
• User interface design
• Data presentation
• Economics
• Mobile Development
• Virtualization
• Public policy and international relations
• Digital and online marketing
• Business intelligence
• Data engineering and data warehousing
• Game development
• Middleware and integration software
• Market research and insights
Statisticians & Mathematicians were always their then what • Shell scripting languages
changed ?? • SEO/SEM Marketing
• Electronic and electrical engineering

https://hbr.org/2012/10/data-scientist-the-sexiest-job-of-the-21st-century/
Analytics Landscape
Whats the Big Difference

BI VS ADVANCED ANALYTICS
What is Business Intelligence?
Business Intelligence enables the business to make intelligent, fact-based decisions

Aggregate Present Enrich Inform a

Data Data Data Decision

Database, Data Mart, Data Reporting Tools, Add Context to Create Decisions are Fact-based
Warehouse, ETL Tools, Dashboards, Static Information, Descriptive and Data-driven
Integration Tools Reports, Mobile Reporting, Statistics, Benchmarks,
OLAP Cubes Variance to Plan or LY
 IBM Software Group

What is Business Intelligence?

Business Intelligence (BI) is:

“The processes, technologies and tools needed to turn data into information
and information into knowledge and knowledge into plans that drive
profitable business action. BI encompasses data warehousing, business
analytics and knowledge management.”
The Data Warehouse Institute, Q4/2002

Business Intelligence is defined as "knowledge gained about a business

through the use of various hardware/software technologies which enable
organizations to turn data into information”.
Data Management Review

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Business Intelligence
Business Intelligence

 The term BI also refers to the creation and

maintenance of data warehouses, often
stored in OLAP cubes, in order to support
efficient querying and reporting.

 Besides the querying and visualization of

data, traditional BI environments make it
possible to implement rule based alerts to
inform decision makers about important
events or changes.

 However the actions in BI are always

defined through human interaction and
are performed by humans.
How Important is BI?
Top 10 Business and Technology Priorities in this decade:

1. Cloud computing
2. Virtualization
3. Mobile technologies
4. IT Management
5. Business Intelligence
6. Networking, voice and data communications
7. Enterprise applications
8. Collaboration technologies
9. Infrastructure
10. Web 2.0

Source: Gartner’s 2011 CIO Agenda (aka “Reimagining IT: The 2011 CIO Agenda”).
BI Today vs Tomorrow
• “BI today is like reading the newspaper”

– BI reporting tool on top of a data warehouse that loads nightly and produces historical reporting

• BI tomorrow will focus more on real-time events and predicting tomorrow’s headlines
Analytics vs BI
Analytics vs
BI
Have you heard of?

TYPES OF BUSINESS ANALYTICS

Types of Analytics
• Descriptive

• Diagnostic

• Predictive

• Prescriptive
Analytics Categorization

Descriptive Diagnostic Predictive Prescriptive Pre-Emptive

Analytics Analytics Analytics Analytics Analytics

What should be Proactively

What happened? Why it happened? What will happen?
done? identify the need

What can I offer

What is your Why has the Which customers Which customer
before the
customer attrition attrition are most likely to should we target
customer realizes
rate? increased? attrite? to retain?
the need?

Tools & Techniques

• Tableau
• A/B testing / test
• VBA/ Excel • Regression • Optimization • QFD
Control
• ClickView • Logistics regression • Scenario analysis • Survey analysis
• Hypothesis testing
• Microstrategy • MMX modeling • Planogram design
• Root cause analysis
• Penthaho etc
Types of Analytics
Analytics Categorization

Descriptive Diagnostic Predictive Prescriptive Pre-Emptive

Analytics Analytics Analytics Analytics Analytics

What should be Proactively

What happened? Why it happened? What will happen?
done? identify the need

What can I offer

What is your Why has the Which customers Which customer
before the
customer attrition attrition are most likely to should we target
customer realizes
rate? increased? attrite? to retain?
the need?

Tools & Techniques

• Tableau
• A/B testing / test
• VBA/ Excel • Regression • Optimization • QFD
Control
• ClickView • Logistics regression • Scenario analysis • Survey analysis
• Hypothesis testing
• Microstrategy • MMX modeling • Planogram design
• Root cause analysis
• Penthaho etc
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Popular tools in the Industry

ANALYTICS TOOL LANDSCAPE

Analytics Tool Landscape
Some Popular Tools
Lifecycle of Analytics Project

IDENTIFY /
FORMULATE
BUSINESS EVALUATE / PROBLEM BUSINESS
MANAGER MONITOR DATA ANALYST
RESULTS PREPARATION
Domain Expert Data Exploration
Makes Decisions Data Visualization
Evaluates Processes and ROI Report Creation

DEPLOY
MODEL DATA
EXPLORATION

IT / SYSTEMS DATA MINER /

MANAGEMENT VALIDATE STATISTICIAN
MODEL TRANSFORM
Model Validation & SELECT Exploratory Analysis
Model Deployment BUILD
Descriptive Segmentation
Model Monitoring MODEL Predictive Modeling
Data Preparation
Success stories of different analytics companies

SAMPLE OFFERINGS FOR CORPORATE

Case #1 – Revenue Management in Transport Sector
• Client Sponsor: VP Customer Experience &
Pricing

• Situation : “Pricing is critical for us to manage

our operating budget and keep the vessels full
and running. But with so many external factors
that influence demand, we cannot relay on just
one source of data.”

• How: Integrated internal and external data

sources to build full macro-econometric price-
volume forecasting solution to improve pricing
intelligence.

• Results: Using web-based pricing/forecasting

tool, enabled client to automate the building of
annual and 5- year planning budgets.

Source: https://www.bestmanagedcompanies.ca/en/insightsideas/Documents/Analytics%20-%20EN.pdf
Case #2 – Improving Promotion Returns
• Client Sponsor: CEO

• Situation : $150M to fund promotions showed low

ROI

• How : Build a measurement framework and

capability to enable the merchandizing team to
optimize on promotional spend

• Results:
• Estimated 6 Million $ annual savings
• Automated forecasting increased team efficiency
• Weekly promotion forecasts enable more profitable
pricing

Source: https://www.bestmanagedcompanies.ca/en/insightsideas/Documents/Analytics%20-%20EN.pdf
Case #3 – Hockey Team
• Client Sponsor: CMO/CFO

• Situation: “I was new to the Sens and knew that we

needed to rethink how we interact with our fans - we
knew that analytics needed to be a core component
of our strategy, but we did not know how to start”

• How: They started with the data. We had to really

understand all of the fan touch points and the data
that was collected.

• Results: We were able to align the entire organization

- the CEO, CMO, CIO and CFO - around being a fan
centric organization that is driven by analytics.

Source: https://www.bestmanagedcompanies.ca/en/insightsideas/Documents/Analytics%20-%20EN.pdf
Case #4 – Heart and Stroke
• Client Sponsor: CMO

• Situation: “We need help in understanding why our

lotteries are not selling out. This isn’t about selling
widgets, this is about saving lives. For every dollar
we make it goes to research. The work that we do
is important”

• How: Using 10 years of transaction history, we

found that today’s lottery buyer is very different
that the buyer from 5 years ago, but yet were being
treated the same from a marketing standpoint.

• Results: The most recent lottery sold out before

the early bird deadline and it was the most
profitable lottery in the last 5 years. That money
will be used by research to save lives.

Source: https://www.bestmanagedcompanies.ca/en/insightsideas/Documents/Analytics%20-%20EN.pdf
Case #5 – Recommending Product Bundles in Retail
• Client Sponsor: CMO

• Situation: “We wanted to increase our wallet

share of customers and improve customer
experience and loyalty”

• How: A typical example of product

recommendation is the instant suggestions
given by various e-commerce websites as soon
as a person selects a product. They present a
list of similar products under the heading ‘You
might also be interested in.’ This helps
customers to find meaningful products and
helps the organization increase its cart size.

• Results: This analytical solution can help

retailers in developing targeted product
recommendations for customers.
Source: https://www.pwc.in/assets/pdfs/publications/2015/retailing-in-the-digital-era.pdf
Case #6 – Assortment optimization in Retail
• Client Sponsor: CMO

• Situation: “Marketers can use past assortment and

shelf-space allocation data to determine appropriate
product inventory, the right depth of products on
shelves and the optimal width of their varieties.”

• How: The solution is an optimization engine that

provides recommendations on assortment inventory
and shelf-space design based on comparative analysis
of the financial impact of different assortment
scenarios. The effects of product cannibalization,
pricing and promotions, and local product preferences
are also accounted for.

• Results: Assortment optimization helps improve store

sales by ensuring the right display of products across
shelves and preventing loss in revenue from stock-
outs.

Source: https://www.pwc.in/assets/pdfs/publications/2015/retailing-in-the-digital-era.pdf
BIG DATA ANALYTICS
 Howmuch time did it take?

•Excel :Have you ever tried a pivot table on 500 MB file?

•SAS/R :Have you ever tried a frequency table on 2 GB file?
•Access: Have you ever tried running a query on 10 GB file
•SQL: Have you ever tried running a query on 50 GB file

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 Can you think of?

•Can you think of running a query on 20,980,000 GB file.

▪ What if we get a new data set like this, every day?
▪ What if we need to execute complex queries on this data set
everyday ?
▪ Does anybody really deal with this type of data set?
▪ Is it possible to store and analyze this data?
•Yes Google deals with more than 20 PB data everyday

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The volume of data that one has to deal has exploded to unimaginable levels in the past
decade, and at the same time, the price of data storage has systematically reduced.

Private companies and research institutions capture terabytes of data about their users’
interactions, business, social media, and also sensors from devices such as mobile
phones and automobiles.

The challenge of this era is to make sense of this sea of data. This is where big data
analytics comes into picture.
 What is Big Data?

▪ Collection of data sets so large and complex that it becomes difficult to

process using on-hand database management tools or traditional data
processing applications

▪ “Big Data” is the data whose scale, diversity, and complexity require new
architecture, techniques, algorithms, and analytics to manage it and extract
value and hidden knowledge from it
▪ ‘Big Data’ is similar to ‘small data’, but bigger in size
▪ An aim to solve new problems or old problems in a better way

▪ Big Data generates value from the storage and processing of very large
quantities of digital information that cannot be analyzed with traditional
computing techniques.

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 Have you heard of 80:20 Pareto principle?

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Big Data Characteristics
▪ Big Data relates to rapidly growing, structured and unstructured datasets with sizes beyond the ability of
conventional database tools to store, manage and analyze them
▪ There are 3 main characteristics of Big Data :

Large quantity of data which may be

enterprise specific or general and public or
private

Volume

Current Market Leaders Key Platforms for Big Data

Variety Velocity
Diverse sets of data being created, such as High speed of data inflow as well as rate at
social networking feeds, news, videos and
audio files, emails, sensor data which this fast moving data needs to be
stored
Characteristics of Big Data
 Big Data: 3V’s

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 Some Make it 4V’s

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 Who’s Generating Big Data

Mobile devices
(tracking all objects all the time)

Social media and networks Scientific instruments

(all of us are generating data) (collecting all sorts of data)

Sensor technology and networks

(measuring all kinds of data)

• The progress and innovation is no longer hindered by the ability to collect data
• But, by the ability to manage, analyze, summarize, visualize, and discover knowledge
from the collected data in a timely manner and in a scalable fashion

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 The Model Has Changed…
The Model of Generating/Consuming Data has Changed

Old Model: Few companies are generating data, all others are consuming data

New Model: all of us are generating data, and all of us are consuming data

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Lifecycle of Data: 4 “A”s

Aggregation

Acquisition Analysis

Application
 Handling Big Data – Big Data Analytics

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 Big Data Landscape - 2017

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 Big Data Ecosystem

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 Big Data Ecosystem

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 For any training and consulting needs of your firm, please get in touch at
Laxminarayanan.g@iiml.org

THANK YOU

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