ZIMSEC O-Level Commerce Notes (Form 1 to 4)
Form 1
1. Introduction to Commerce
- Definition and scope of commerce.
- Branches of commerce: Trade and Aids to Trade.
2. Occupations
- Types of occupations: Industrial, Commercial, and Services.
- Importance of specialisation and division of labour.
3. Production
- Factors of production: Land, Labour, Capital, and Enterprise.
- Types of production: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary.
4. Trade
- Home trade: Retail and Wholesale.
- Differences between retailers and wholesalers.
Form 2
1. Retail Trade
- Functions of retailers.
- Types of retail businesses: hawkers, mobile shops, chain stores, supermarkets.
2. Wholesale Trade
ZIMSEC O-Level Commerce Notes (Form 1 to 4)
- Functions of wholesalers.
- Services provided to manufacturers and retailers.
3. Aids to Trade
- Transport: types, importance in commerce.
- Communication: importance and types (e.g. postal, electronic).
4. Banking
- Types of banks: central bank, commercial banks.
- Functions of banks: accepting deposits, lending money.
Form 3
1. Insurance
- Principles of insurance: utmost good faith, insurable interest, indemnity.
- Types of insurance: life, motor, property.
2. Advertising
- Importance of advertising in trade.
- Types and media of advertising: print, radio, TV, online.
3. Warehousing
- Functions of a warehouse.
- Types of warehouses: bonded, public, private.
ZIMSEC O-Level Commerce Notes (Form 1 to 4)
4. Business Documents
- Types: invoice, receipt, delivery note, statement.
- Importance in commerce transactions.
Form 4
1. International Trade
- Difference between import and export.
- Advantages and disadvantages of international trade.
2. Economic Systems
- Types: capitalism, socialism, mixed economy.
- Characteristics and examples.
3. Business Organisations
- Types: sole trader, partnership, private and public limited companies.
- Features, advantages, and disadvantages.
4. Consumer Protection
- Rights and responsibilities of consumers.
- Role of government and organisations in consumer protection.