ECONOMIC CRISIS OF PAKISTAN
OUTLINE
1. Introduction
1. Defining economic crisis
2. Economic Profile of Pakistan
(a) GDP Growth
(a) Trade deficit
(b) International debts
(c) Total revenue generation
3. Contribution of different sectors of economy
(a) Agricultural sector (23%)
(b) Industrial sector (19%)
(c) Services sector (58%)
4. Causes of economic crisis of Pakistan
(a) Issues in agricultural sector
(i) Traditional ways of farming
(ii) Lack of modern technology application
(iii) Poverty of farmers
(iv) Lack of government subsidies
(v) Lack of crop insurance technique
(b) Issues in industrial sector
(i) Energy crisis
(ii) Lack of innovation and FDI
(iii) Lack of export-oriented industry
(iv) Lack of goods diversification
(v) Lack of value addition industry
(c) Issues in services sector
(i) Corruption and incompetence
(ii) Burdened state-owned enterprises
(iii) Political instability and weak rule of law
(iv) Inappropriate resource exploitation
(v) Tax evasion
(d) Some other issues
(i) Hoarding
(ii) Global warming
(iii) Informal economy
(iv) Water crisis
(v) Troubled relations with India
5. How to strengthen Pakistan’s economy
(a) Reforming agriculture sector
(i) Adoption of modern technology
(ii) Crop rotation and crop insurance
(iii) Subsidizing farmers
(iv) Ensuring intensive farming
(v) Export-oriented agro-industry
(b) Reforming industrial sector
(i) Full exploitation of Special Economic Zones
(ii) Ensuring skill enhancement of people
(iii) Establishing value-added industry
(iv) Goods diversification and food manufacturing
(v) Improving infrastructure to attract FDI
(c) Reforming services sector
(i) Ensuring concept of right man for right job
(ii) Ensuring political stability
(iii) Empowering private sector
(iv) Documenting informal economy
(v) Ensuring effective exploitation of natural resources
6. Way Forward
7. Conclusion
SOURCES
• https://www.worldbank.org/
• https://aric.adb.org/
• https://www.csis.org/
• https://www.sbp.org.pk/
• https://www.jstor.org/
QUOTES
“The ultimate resource in economic development is people. It is people, not capital or raw materials
that develop an economy.” –Peter Drucker
“There can be economy only when there is efficiency.” –Benjamin Disraeli
“A strong economy is the source of national strength.” –Yoshihide Suga
“Economic growth without social progress lets the great majority of the people remain in poverty,
while a privileged few reap the benefits of rising abundance.” –John F. Kennedy
“A strong economy begins with a strong, well-educated workforce.” –Bill Owens
INDICATORS OF ECONOMIC CRISIS
OUTLINE
1. Poor GDP growth
2. Poor revenue generation
3. Increasing unemployment
4. Rising inflation
5. Low per capita income
6. Less saving rates
7. Entrenched poverty
8. High debt
9. High capitalization to GDP ratio
10. Decreasing foreign reserves
BASIC ECONOMY TERMS
1. Economy
2. GDP growth
3. Trade deficit
4. Fiscal deficit
5. Foreign reserves
6. Dollar to rupee ratio
7. Debt
8. Bull/bear market
9. Inflation
10. Fiscal policy
11. Monetary policy
12. Rupee depreciation
13. Growth rates
14. Interest rates
15. Micro/Macro economics
16. Informal economy
17. Trade barrier
18. Private/Public sector
19. Circular debt
20. International financial institutions
QUOTES
“Economic growth without investment in human development is unsustainable and unethical.” –
Amartya Sen
“Economic growth does not mean anything unless it is inclusive growth.” –John Green
“Continuing economic growth requires both recruitment of new companies and expansion of
existing businesses.” –Phil Bredesen
“Infrastructure is the foundation of economic development.” –Craig Lesser
“Development is about transforming the lives of people, not just transforming economies.”
–Joseph E. Stiglitz
