SWDBS401– BACKEND SYSTEM

DESIGN

DATE: Wednesday, 11/June/2025

PERIOD: 8.30 AM-11.30 AM

END OF TERM III EXAMINATIONS

SCHOOL YEAR: 2024/2025
MARKING GUIDE
SECTOR: ICT and MULTIMEDIA

RQF LEVEL: L4

TRADE: SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT

MARKS: …………/100 CAMIS: …………/80

DURATION: 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

This Exam paper is composed of Three Sections (A, B, C). Follow the
instructions given below, and answer the indicated questions for a total of
100 marks

Section A: Seventeen (17) questions, 55 marks

all Compulsory

Section B: Among the five (5) questions, attempt any three (3) 30 marks

Section C: Among the two (2) questions, attempt any one (1) 15 marks

Allowed materials:
- Ruler ,Blue or Black pen

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SECTION A: (55 marks)
Attempt all
______________________________________________________________________________

01. A framework is a structured platform or foundation (4Marks)

used to build and develop software applications. It
provides a set of tools, libraries, and best practices
that help
developers streamline their work, ensuring
consistency, efficiency, and maintainability. Answer the
following
question by indicating True or False in the blank
spaces provided

a. Laravel is a PHP framework. True /1mark

b. Symfony is a full-stack PHP framework. False
/1mark
c. CodeIgniter must be installed using the
command-
line interface. False /1mark
d. Yii is used to develop large-scale web
applications.
True /1mark

Answer : a. true, b. false, c. false, d. true

Reference:
02. Module name:
Answer theBackend
following System
questionDesign, LearningTrue or (3Marks
by indicating
False in the blank spaces provided )

a. The SDLC has multiple phases including planning

and maintenance. True /1mark
b. Requirements gathering is a phase in the SDLC.
False /1mark
c. The maintenance phase of SDLC includes
making
updates to released software. True /1mark

Answer :a. true, b. false, c. true

Reference:
Module name: Backend System Design, Learning
Outcome 1. Analyze System Backend, Curriculum Level
4 in
03. (Software Development), page 4, September 2023.
Name (3Marks)

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 04. Which of the following technique used in Structured (2Marks
Systems Analysis and Design Method (SSADM)? )
/2Marks

a. Agile Methodology
b. Entity-Relationship Diagrams (ERDs)
c. Research methodology
d. User Stories

Answer: b. Entity-Relationship Diagrams (ERDs)

Reference:
Module name: Backend System Design, Learning
Outcome 2. Develop System Structure, Curriculum
Level 4 in
(Software Development), page 4, September 2023.
Bloom Level: Remembering

05. Answer the following question by indicating True or (2Marks

False in the blank spaces provided )

a. Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

True /0.5mark b. Cooling Systems
True /0.5mark
c. Expansion Cards True /0.5mark
d. Monitor False /0.5mark

Answer a. true, b. true, c. true, d. false

Reference:
Module name: Backend System Design, Learning
Outcome 2. Develop System Structure, Curriculum
Level 4 in
06. (Software Development),
Which of the following is page
a type4,ofSeptember 2023.
relationship in a (3Marks
database? )

a. One-to-One

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 b.
Many-
to-
Many
c.
Single-
Value
d.
One-
to-
Many
07. Which one (1) of the (2Marks)
following is NOT a
type of user
documentation?

a. User Manuals
b. Installation
Guides
c. API
Documentation
d. Technical
Specifications
e. Online Help
Systems

08. Answer d. Technical (3Marks)

API is a set of rules and
protocols that allows
different system
applications to
correspond with each
other.

Answer: Application
Programming Interface

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 Answer : C.A weather data service that provides
information upon request

iii. What is the primary

purpose of an API?

a. To provide a user interface for

applications b. To allow different software
applications to
communicate
c. To store data securely
d. To enhance graphics in
applications

Answer : d. To enhance graphics in applications

Reference:
Module name: Backend System Design, Learning
09. Outcome 1. Analyze
D. The model followsSystem Backend, Curriculum Level (4Marks
a structured
sequence where one phase must be )

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 10. UML is a powerful tool for software development, (3Marks
providing a comprehensive framework for modeling )
systems and fostering better collaboration among
project stakeholders.

i. What does UML stand for?

a. Universal Modeling Language

b. Unified Modeling Language
c. Unified Method Language
d. Universal Method Language

Answer : a. Universal Modeling Language

ii. Which of the following is

a type of structure
diagram in UML?

a. Data Flow Diagram

b. Sequence Diagram
c. Class Diagram
d. Activity Diagram

Answer : c. Class Diagram

iii. What is the primary

purpose of UML?

a. To write code for software applications

b. To visualize, specify, construct, and document
software artifacts
c. To manage project timelines
d. To perform software testing

Answer : b. To visualize, specify, construct, and

document software artifacts

Reference:
Module name: Backend System Design, Learning
Outcome 2. Develop System Structure, Curriculum
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 (Software Development), page 4, September 2023.
Bloom Level: Understanding
11. Application software refers to programs designed to (4Mar
perform ks)
specific tasks or applications for end users.

Match the Application Software with its Description

Ans Software Description

1…..C 1.Word Processor a. Software used

for creating
spreadsheets and
data analysis.
2…..A 2. Spreadsheet b. Software
designed for
managing and
organizing email
communications.
2……D c. Software used
3.Database
,
(DBMS) for such as
reports and
letters.
4…..B 4. Email Client f
o
and manipulation
r
of databases.n
,

12. A. Provides detailed (5Marks

)
information about

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 13. Many people think of JSON (JavaScript Object (3Marks
Notation) as a language, but it’s really just a data )
interchange
format that works natively with most modern
languages, like Python, Java, PHP, and JavaScript.

Put the following table in JSON format.

Student _ Information

Name Age Dept Hobbies IsClassLe Telephon

ader e
Joe 16 Computer Dance, False 2590778812
Books,
Public
Speaking,
Golf

Answer

"student_Information": { (0.5mark)
"name" : "Joe", (0.5mark)
"age" : 16, (0.5mark)
"dept" : "computers", (0.5mark)
"hobbies" : ["dance", "books", "public speaking",
"golf"],

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 (0.5mark)
"isClassLeader" : false
(0.5mark)
}
}

Reference:
Module name: Backend
System Design, Learning
Outcome 1. Analyze
14. System
MatchBackend,
each category of (5Marks)
software with the correct
example:

Answer Software

1……E 1.System
Software

2……C 2.Application
Software

3……D 3.Development
Software

4…..B 4. Embedded
Software

5…..A 5.Middleware

Reference:
Module name: Backend
15. The following are (3Marks)
three(3) relations:

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 a. List primary keys in
the above relations

b. Among relations is
there a weak?, if yes
which one

c. Apply relationship
among relations

Answer:

a. Coursed,
StudentId,
SectionId
(1mark)
b. No (1mark)
c. (1mark)

16. you are tasked with (4Marks)

designing the physical
data model for a new
database. Apply your
knowledge to complete
the following
statements:/ 1mark

a. In a physical data
model, the ________
defines how
data is stored in
a database,
including the
specific data
types for each
column. / 1mark
b. The use of

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 Answers

a. Table Structure
(1mark)
b. Indexing
(1mark)
c. Foreign
(1mark)
d. Partitioning
(1mark)

Reference:
17. Module name:
A logical data Backend
model is (2Marks)
a structured
representation of data
that outlines how data is
organized, related, and
processed within a
system, without
focusing on the
physical aspects of data
storage

Match the
following logical
data model
concepts
(Column A) with
their practical
applications or
scenarios
(Column B)

Answer Column A
(Concepts)
1…..C 1. Entity

2…..D 2. Attribute

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 Section B: (30 marks)
Attempt any
______________________________________________________________________________

18. Analyze the following (10marks)

Scenario and answer
related
questions:

A computer game is
being developed using
object-oriented
programming. The
following image is a
screenshot from the
game.

There are scenery

elements and animated
elements. The player’s
character is one of the
animated elements.

Each game element has

the attributes:

Attributes Description
PositionX The x
coordinate of the
game
element.
PositionY The y
coordinate of the
game
element.

Width The width of

the game
element.
Height The height of the

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 The player’s character is
one of a number of
animated elements. All
animated elements
have the attributes:

Attributes Description

AnimationFrames An array of
GameElement
Direction A string giving the
direction the
object is travelling
in.
Strength A value for the
strength that
indicates the
power of the
object.
Health A value for the
health that
indicates the
health of the
object.

The player’s character

can either move left or
right, or jump.
a. Complete the
following class
diagrams for the
game
You do not need to
include any additional
get or set
methods. / 7marks

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 b) Name the parts a
class diagram below: /
3marks

Answer:
a)

One correct fill, 1 mark (7marks)

b)

Reference:

Module name: Backend

System
19. A Level 0Design,
Data Flow (10marks)
Diagram (DFD), also
known as a
context diagram,
provides a high-level
overview of a system
and its interactions with

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 processes.

a. Analyze the
purpose of a
context diagram
within
system design.
What key
elements does it
illustrate, and
how do they
interact with the
system?
b. Examine the
implications of missing
external entities
in a context
diagram. What
potential issues
could arise
from this
omission?
c. Compare the
context diagram
with a data flow
diagram (DFD
Level1). How do
the two differ in
their focus and
level of detail?

Answer:

a. Analyze the
purpose of a
context diagram
within
system design.
What key
elements does it
illustrate, and
how do they
interact with the
system?

Answer: A
context diagram
illustrates the
system as a

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 Reference:
Module name: Backend
System Design,
Learning Outcome 3.
Build System Design,
20. Curriculum Level
Analyze how the4 in (10marks)
effectiveness of system
documentation
and user
documentation can
impact the overall
software development
lifecycle. What are
the potential
consequences of
inadequate
documentation in
both cases?

Answer:

System
Documentation

Impact on SDLC:
(Good impact,
2.5marks)

Consequences of
Inadequate
Documentation:
2.5marks

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 Consequences of
Inadequate
Documentation: (A
correct consequence
2.5marks)

21. Reference:
Evaluate the (10marks)
effectiveness of the
assembly line testing
process described below.
Consider the impact of
the three test groups
i. Group 1: tests to
check all dimensions are
correct ii.
Group 2: tests to check
strength at various points
on
the product item
iii. Group 3: tests to
check paint color and

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 Answer

(Good fill in Accepted: 1

mark)
(Good fill in Repair: 2
marks)
(Good fill in Rejected: 5
marks)
(Good Fill in conditions:
2marks)
Reference:
Module name:
22. Evaluate the Backend (10marks)
effectiveness of Data
Flow Diagrams (DFDs) in
representing the flow of
data within a system.
Consider how well they
facilitate understanding
of processes, clarify
requirements, support
system design, and
enhance
communication among
stakeholders.

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 how data is
processed and what
inputs and outputs
are needed for each
function. (1.5marks)
3. Supporting
System Design:
(1mark)
DFDs serve as a
foundational tool in the
design phase,
guiding developers in
structuring the system
based on data
interactions. (1.5marks)

4. Enhancing
Communication

Section C: (15 marks)

Attempt only
______________________________________________________________________________

23. Design a comprehensive (15marks)

Library Management
System
database keeps track of
readers with the following
considerations:
 The system keeps
track of the staff with a
single point
authentication system
comprising login Id and
password.
 Staff maintains the
book catalog with its ISBN,
Book title,
price, category, edition,
author Number and
details.
 A publisher has
publisher Id, Year when
the book was
published, and name of
the book.
 Readers are
registered with their
user_id, email, name

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 Good design of entities,
1mark for each entity
(6marks)

Good design of
attributes, 1 mark for
each attribute (consider
any 4 attributes)
4marks

Relationship (5 marks)

Reference:

24. An online food delivery (15marks)

service allows users to
order food
from various restaurants
through a mobile app or
website. The system
involves several actors
and processes, making it
suitable for creating a
use case diagram.

Actors:

1. Customer: The
user who orders food.

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 Use Cases:

 Register
Account:
Customers can
create an account. 
Login: Customers
and restaurant
owners can log into
the system.
 Browse Menu:
Customers can view
restaurant menus. 
Place Order:
Customers can
select items and
place an
order.
 Make Payment:
Customers can
pay for their
orders
online.
 Track Order:
Customers can track the
status of their
delivery.
 Update Menu:
Restaurant owners
can update their
menu items.
 Confirm Order:
Restaurants can
confirm received
orders.
 Assign
Delivery: Delivery
persons can
accept and
deliver
orders.
 Manage Users:
Admin can
manage customer
and
restaurant

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 Reference:

Module name: Backend

System Design, Learning
Outcome 3. Build
System Design,
Curriculum Level 4 in
(Software

___________END OF MARKING GUIDE__________

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