1.
Object Modeling Technique (OMT) 2023
1.1 Introduction Objects
As we know that, object oriented technique An object is a concept, abstraction, or a real
allows users to understand the overall world thing with strict boundaries and
environment which they are attempting to meaning for an application.
model. Identifying the components of the The concept of object provides two basic
environment and detailing the relationship purposes in the system:
that exists between them helps to achieve
The objects provide understanding of
this aim. To describe the system the OMT
the real world.
methodology uses three kinds of models:
The objects provide a practical basis for
1. Object Model computer implementation.
2. Dynamic Model e. g. object: car, fruit, plant, flower etc.
3. Functional Model
The decomposition of a problem into objects
The object model, describes the objects in the depends on judgment and the nature of the
system and their relationships. The dynamic problem.
model, describes the interactions among
objects in the system. And the functional Classes
model, describes the data transformation of the
A class describes a group of objects with some
system.
properties (data structure or attributes),
1.2 Object Modeling common behavior (methods or operations or
functions). So, a class is a collection of objects
In the system, the object model describes the of similar type.
structure of an object-their identity, their
relationships to other objects, their attributes, e. g. If class: Fruit
and their operations. To design a system, the Then
object model provides the essential framework object: mango, apple, orange, banana etc.
into which the dynamic and functional model
can be placed. In other words, the object model If class: Plant
describes the static structure of a system in Then
terms of objects and relationships. object: fruit, vegetable etc.
Object and Classes: Object diagrams
The object model is based on these two The object modeling concept, basically based on
concepts-object and class. We can say, both the objects and classes. For describing the
provide a better way of designing the system. concept, we need formalism for expressing
The objects correspond to real world passive object model that is coherent, precise and easy
entities and classes are the collection of the to formulate.
similar objects or entities.
By: Amit Kumar Shukla, CIMAGE GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, PATNA Page 1
1. Object Modeling Technique (OMT) 2023
Object diagrams provide a graphical notation Instance diagram
for modeling the objects, classes and The graphical representation of object
relationships to one another. There are two (instance) of a class can be denoted by instance
types of object diagrams: diagrams. An instance diagram describes how a
particular set of objects relates to each other.
Class diagrams The OMT symbol for an instance is a rounded
Instance diagram. rectangular box.
Class diagram
To describe the classes in graphical notations (student)
we use class diagram. A class diagram is a
schema pattern, or template for describing
many possible instances of data. It describes the (a) Object
general case in modeling a system. We are
using a rectangular box for graphical notation (student)
of class. 123
xyz
student
(a) Object with values
(a) class
In C++,
class student
student
{
int id;
Id: Integer
char name [10];
Name: String
public:
(b) Class with attributes void in();
void out();
};
student void main()
{
Id: Integer
student s; // s is object of the class
Name: String
s.in();
void in () s.out();
void out () }
(c) Class with attributes and functions
By: Amit Kumar Shukla, CIMAGE GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, PATNA Page 2
1. Object Modeling Technique (OMT) 2023
1.3 Dynamic modeling of interactions. And the functional model shows
It describes those aspects of a system the functional derivation of values, regardless
concerned with time and the sequencing of the for when they are computed.
operations. Major concepts of dynamic All three models are necessary for full
modeling are events and states. An event used understanding of a problem. The three models
to represent external stimuli and states used to came together in the implementation of
represent values of objects at a particular time. methods, which involve data (target object,
e. g. Input string entered (text) arguments and variables), control (sequencing
mouse button pressed constructs), and operations(calls, expression
mouse button click and data access).
time out
paper jam inside printer
switch –ON or OFF
1.4 Functional model
After completion of object modeling and
dynamic modeling of the system, we have to
work on functional modeling for the system.
The functional model describes the
computational structure of a system in terms of
values and functions.
e. g. DFD (Data Flow diagram)
In brief,
Object model: describes static structure
Dynamic model: describes control structure
Functional model: describes computational
structure.
Relation of functional model with Object
model and Dynamic model
The functional model is a last but not least
model of the modeling concept in object
modeling technique. The functional model
specifies what happens, the dynamic model
specifies when it happens, and the object
model specifies what it happens to.
Conclusion:
The object model shows the static structure of
the real world. The dynamic model shows the
behavior of the system, especially sequencing
By: Amit Kumar Shukla, CIMAGE GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, PATNA Page 3
