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In this tutorial, we shall keep things simple to help you understand the SAP make to order
process in the Sales & Distribution module. We shall differentiate the process from the
make to stock production strategy. Then we will walk through the SAP make to order
process. The process begins with creating the make to order material master for finished
goods. Next, we show you how to create a quotation based on the customer request for
the make to order product. We will then demonstrate creation of the sales order with
reference to the quotation. Finally, we will create the production order in the Production
Planning module to trigger the production process.
Production Strategies
Companies involved in the production of goods mainly follow one of the following two
production strategies:
• Make to Stock – The product is mass produced and fast moving in nature, such as
consumer products, pharmaceuticals, household items, etc.
• Make to Order – The product is not manufactured in advance, but produced once
the customer order is received, as with high-end cars, motorcycles, textile products
etc.
Consumers use and buy make to stock products regularly, thus they are necessities rather
than luxury items. Companies create demand for these goods through advertising,
promotions, activations etc. and continue to produce based on demand, market trend,
and forecast figures. Companies keep safety stock levels of finished goods in their stock
in case of high demand due to seasonal changes or festive events.
The production process begins once the forecast is finalized. Material requirements
planning (MRP) is executed and requirements are generated for the manufacture of the
finished goods. The required raw materials are requested from the respective
departments. For raw materials not produced in-house, purchase requisitions are
generated, along with the required date of delivery, and sent to the procurement
department.
Make to order products are specialized products which may be costly or highly
customized, such that the manufacturer should not freeze capital by making and storing
the goods in advance of the customer’s order.
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In the make to order production process, a sales order initiates the demand for
production. The production department creates a bill of material to produce the required
quantity and runs MRP. Requirements for components manufactured in-house are sent
to the respective department and if any component needs to be purchased, a purchase
requisition is raised and sent to the procurement department. Once the make to order
production process is completed, finished good are transferred to a storage location as
“special stock”. Finally, the finished goods are delivered and invoicing is carried out.
There are two scenarios in the make to order strategy which may be elected:
• Offer a set of products with different varieties and flexible features. The various
configurations have fixed rates and the product is only manufactured once the order
is received from the customer. For example, a car manufacturing company offers
different variations of a particular model with different engines and other
specifications at certain prices. If the customer wishes to add or change certain
features, the options can be included with the fixed price for each. The company will
only manufacture the car when the order is received from the customer.
• Manufacture certain goods customized to specific customer requirements. For
example, imagine a hotel company ordering towels for each of their properties. The
customer may require white towels with their brand embossed or embroidered in a
specific color or size. The company producing the towels does not provide a rack rate
with fixed prices in this scenario, but instead will quote the customer based on their
specifications and desired quantity for the finished goods.
Now we shall demonstrate the steps in the SAP make to order process. We will walk
through the following steps in the below sections:
To initiate the SAP make to order process, first create a material master for finished goods
or update an existing one with the appropriate item category group. We will demonstrate
the simpler approach. Execute the app Manage Product Master to change an existing
material master.
In the initial screen, enter the material number you want to update and hit Enter. Then,
select the DISTRIBUTION CHAINS TAB, as shown below:
OPTION 1
OPTION 2
Create Quotation
To update the pricing for the custom order, highlight the relevant line item and press the
item conditions button .
Click the Conditions tab to see the price for the item. Update as necessary to correspond
with the required customizations.
Hit Enter then Save . The quotation will be saved with a confirmation message:
Once the customer places the order based on the quotation, create the sales order with
reference to the quotation created in the last step. Manage Sales Quotations APP and
enter the relevant sales order type in the initial screen.
Sales order components are copied from the quotation. Take note of the item category.
This field is populated as a result of the sales document type and item category group
combination. This particular combination is configured to produce AN MTO
Requirements type as shown below:
Requirements type
particular requirement.
To check the pricing or make updates for customer changes, highlight the relevant line
item and press the item conditions button . Click the Conditions tab to see the price
for the item as copied from the quotation.
Hit Enter then Save . The sales order will be saved with a confirmation message:
With this app, you can monitor all the materials in a selected area of responsibility. This
includes collective requirements materials, make-to-stock and make-to-order materials, and
materials for direct procurement. You are provided with a list of all materials with a net
requirement segment or individual planning segments, which considers the following
planning segments:
• Segment for direct production planning – with direct creation of planned orders
The system calculates the requirements for each segment separately. The materials of
these planning segments might have coverage issues according to a specified shortage
definition. The shortage definition you choose contains a set of rules that the system uses
for calculating the material shortages. These rules define the scope of the shortage
calculation, meaning the supply and demand elements to be considered and the
conditions that have to be met to be a relevant shortage. You can use the default
filter Time till Shortage to check the coverage of materials within a specific time frame.
With this app, you can release production orders. The order release can be executed at
the following levels:
▪ If you release at order header level, the production order and all its operations are
released. The order and the operations receive the status REL (released).
▪ You can also release individual operations within a production order. The operation
receives the status REL and the order receives the status PREL (partially released). If all
operations in an order have been released, the order has the status REL.
A newly created production order initially receives the status CRTD (created) and it
must be released, before it can be processed.
Note
You can use this app if the role Production Supervisor - Discrete Manufacturing is assigned to
your user.
Key Features
You can use this app to:
You can select several production orders with, for example, the same order type, plant
and MRP controller and release them simultaneously.
Note
An operation can only be released if the preceding operation has been released.
▪ Desktop
▪ Tablet
Log on to the SAP Fiori launchpad as Warehouse Clerk. The SAP Fiori launchpad displays.
The Goods Receipt Other - XXX (your user name) screen displays.
In the Detail Data section, make the following entries and press Enter. Select Next Item icon to
add entries.
● Plant: 1010
● Material: <BOM Material>, see the Bill of Material Structure for FG228 and FG227 in the
Master Data, Organizational Data, and Other Data section for a detailed materials list.
Run through Make-to-Order Production - Semifinished Goods Planning and Assembly (1BM)
test script if you do not want to post initial stock for SG224.
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Select Item OK, and choose Check. A message displays: The Document is OK. You also post
initial stock for material RM20 in case you test with material FG227.
Confirm the message that the batch has been created and choose Post. A message displays:
Material document XXXXXXXX posted.
Availability Check
Checks whether the components required for a production order are available.
Use
Before you start production, you have the option of checking whether all the components
assigned to a production order are available on the calculated requirements dates.
Features
In a production order, the system can check the availability of a component only if the
following applies for the component:
▪ It is kept in stock.
In your configuration environment, use the search function to open the following
activity: Define Checking Control. For more information, see Configuration
Environment of SAP S/4HANA Cloud.
Note
If you make changes in an order, which could affect the availability of its components (for
example date or quantity changes), this does not automatically trigger a
new availability check. For up-to-date information on any missing components in an order,
you should restart the availability check manually after you have made the changes.
You should define the automatic availability check when the order is saved.
Checking Scope
The checking scope is defined via the checking group in the material master and
the checking rule in your configuration environment:
▪ Every material that shall be considered in the availability check must be assigned to
a checking group. The assignment is carried out in the material master record.
▪ The checking rule defines how the availability check is performed, that is, which
stocks, goods receipts, and goods issues are included in the check and whether
the check is performed with or without the replenishment lead time.
In your configuration environment, use the search function to open the following
activity: Define Checking Control. For more information, see Configuration Environment
of SAP S/4HANA Cloud.
Note
If a check is carried out at storage location level and the components are available, the system
automatically carries out an additional check at plant level. For performance reasons, we
recommend that you only carry out this type of check where required.
If, during an availability check, a material requirement exists with reference to a sales order /
project, the check is carried out in the individual planning section of the sales order / project.
You can use this app to determine which components have not yet been issued from stock for
a production order and then carry out the goods issue.
Note
In this app, components with mandatory serial numbers cannot be picked. Components with
optional serial numbers cannot be picked using the serial numbers. Please use the Post Goods
Movement (MIGO) app or the Post Goods Issue (MIGO_GI) app to post the
material components by their serial numbers.
Key Features
The initial screen for selecting production orders is the same as the object detail list
for components in the production order information system.
The result of the selection is a component overview for the orders selected and
a pick list containing the components still to be issued.
Note
You select orders using selection criteria. All the components are displayed for each order
selected. For example, if you enter a component as a selection criterion, all
the components are displayed, of those orders that contain this component.
When you select orders for picking, note the following:
▪ Created
▪ Locked
▪ Technically complete
▪ Backflushed components
▪ Phantom items
▪ Co-Products
▪ Text items
▪ Online mode
The system calls up stock determination. Successful goods movements are posted
immediately. Any goods issues with errors can be immediately corrected online.
▪ Background mode
The components are marked for goods issue and then processed in background jobs.
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Related Information
With this app, you can partially or completely confirm production operations and
suboperations. You can enter produced quantities including scrap or rework for operations.
You can edit material movements and specify durations for activities for both the selected
production operations or suboperations.
Restriction
▪ You can only confirm operations with automatic trigger points but not operations with
trigger points that require user interaction dialog boxes. To confirm such operations,
use the Confirm Production Order Operation (CO11N) app.
▪ You cannot confirm a milestone operation for collective orders. While the
confirmation itself will be posted successfully and all operations of the leading order
and child orders will be confirmed automatically, the child orders will not get the
status Delivered, nor will the Delivery Completed indicator get set for these orders. To
confirm such operations, use the Confirm Production Order Operation (CO11N) app.
This app is contained in the business catalog Production Control (Discrete) - Order
Execution (SAP_SCM_BC_PRODN_ORD_EXEC_MC). For more information about the business
role templates, see the Fiori Apps Reference Library for your release.
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Key Features
You can use this app to:
▪ Get an overview of the backflushed components used for the production operation.
▪ Edit a material used in the production operation or suboperation, for example the
storage location or the quantity to be confirmed.
▪ Enter information on activities that have been defined for the work center, such as
setup, machine, and labor times.
▪ If configured, select the shift during which the activities have been performed from
the proposed values.
▪ Enter the personnel number of the person confirming the operation or suboperation.
In the configuration activity Define Confirmation Parameters, you can configure the
following for each combination of plant and order type:
▪ Whether error logs are displayed for actual costs and goods movements and whether
the confirmation process is canceled in case of errors.
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▪ Whether the quantities and / or activities should be proposed automatically when you
start the app. If you deselect these settings, the values are defaulted to 0 when you
start the app. However, you can fetch the proposed quantities and activities in the app
by choosing the Get Proposals button.
Note
If you want to confirm an operation that has been distributed to an external
manufacturing execution system (MES), the quantities for that operation are never
proposed in the app, even if the configuration setting for quantities is set to Propose.
This is because the quantity confirmation is expected to come from the MES and
double postings should be avoided. If you still need to confirm quantities for
distributed operations in the Confirm Production Operation app nonetheless, you can
choose the Get Proposals button to fetch the open quantity.
▪ Whether the shift field is displayed and available shifts are proposed.
Note
If you want to use shifts in confirmations, you have to make further settings in your
system. For more information, see Shift-Related Confirmation.
In your configuration environment, use the search function to open the following
activity: Define Confirmation Parameters. For more information, see Configuration
Environment of SAP S/4HANA Cloud.
▪ Desktop
▪ Tablet
▪ Smartphone
Related Information
With this app, you can post the receipt of goods with reference to a production order.
The app proposes a selection of production orders as well as the corresponding material item
level that can be posted. This app supports you, for example, as a warehouse clerk in your
daily work.
Key Features
Central Use
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
Split Valuation
▪
Serial Numbers
▪
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▪
▪
▪
Others
▪
▪
▪
In addition, the app supports the following technical features and options:
Note
Prerequisite for barcode scanning is a mobile device with a touch-sensitive display.
▪ This app includes SAP CoPilot. This digital assistant in the SAP S/4HANA system
supports you with features such as business context awareness or quick actions to
manage follow-on activities directly from the app.
▪ Desktop
▪ Tablet
▪ Smartphone
With this app, you can post the receipt of goods with reference to a production order.
RESULT
Execute Delivery
Now let’s suppose that the SAP make to order production process has been completed
and goods are sent to the finished goods storage location awaiting dispatch to the
customer. Check the stock overview MMBE APP and enter the finished goods material
number to see the stock for the specific make to order product. (In the below stock
overview, the quantity is presented in European format, with a comma representing a
decimal point. Thus, the below image shows a quantity of 1 in unrestricted use.)
Let’s create a delivery and see what happens to the stock level. Use Create Delivery with
Reference to Sales OrderAPP to enter a delivery. In the initial screen, enter the shipping
point and sales order number as shown below:
Hit Enter to proceed to delivery document creation. The deliver document is displayed
with delivery information pre-populated from the sales order.
With this app, you can create outbound delivery runs from a list of sales orders. This
app also allows you to display logs with information related to your sales orders or
deliveries. For example, if errors occur while you are creating deliveries, the system
issues a message to the log. Similarly, the system issues a message to the log if you
successfully create a delivery.
Key Features
▪ Search for sales orders due for delivery using basic filter options. You can also
search using additional filter options.
▪ Sort your table entries by ascending or descending and then select the filter
option you want to sort by.
▪ If a product has been marked as relevant for compliance in the product master
data, the system performs marketability, dangerous goods, and safety data
sheet checks for the corresponding outbound delivery. The results are
displayed in the corresponding columns.
▪ Create outbound deliveries from sales orders with a limited number of items,
or navigate to the Schedule Delivery Creation app to schedule the mass
processing of sales orders.
▪ Display a log that provides you with information about the delivery run that you
have created.
▪ Use the Save as Tile option to create a personalized tile on the launchpad.
This tile will display a fixed snapshot of your current selection criteria. For
example, if you filter by the date option Today, your personalized tile will only
display the number of documents that are relevant for that specific day, as the
current date selection is stored as a fixed date.
Press the Post Goods Issue button POST GOODS ISSUE to save the movement. The
delivery document will be updated with a confirmation message as shown below:
Let’s check the stock overview once more to see if the sales order stock is consumed.
Execute STOCK – SINGLE MATERIAL APP and enter the finished goods material number.
The stock is reduced by the quantity entered in the delivery document. In our case, the
stock is now non-existent, as shown below:
Generate Billing
Finally, generate the billing for the make to order product. Execute CREATE BILLING
DOCUMENT APP to create the billing document. In the initial screen, enter the sales order
number and press Enter to proceed to the billing document.
Hit Save to post the billing document, print the output, and post the accounting
document. The billing document is saved with a confirmation message:
Let’s have a look at the sales document flow via DISPLAY DOCUMENT FLOW. Here you
can trace the flow of documents through the entire SAP make to order process, beginning
with the quotation and completing with the accounting document.
With this app you can display all documents that are part of a business transaction.