MODULE IN TABLE

TENNIS
INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE;
Physical Education 3 (P.E. 3) is a 2 unit course
required for all students enrolled in the university. It
is an Individual and Dual Sports. P.E. 1 is the
prerequisite of this course.
In the actual classroom setting, students are
required to undergo practical
application/demonstration of the physical education
3 activities.They are required to perform
activities/practical that will serve as a major basis
for the evaluation of their development.
This course is both an introduction to
fundamental skills and strategies of organized
outdoor/indoor Badminton and Table Tennis
game and a course designed and further
developed individual skills of the students.
Table tennis requires development of the
following individual skills. Serving, Receiving,
Smash, Forehand Drive, Bachand Drive, Drop
Shop , and Chop . While badminton requires of
the following of the individual. Skills Serving,
General objectives;
Students can demonstrate skills required in Badminton and Table
Tennis, generate good attitude along with the skill and fitness and
can improved his/her skill performance specifically game
strategies and safe practices.

Materials Needed;

Racquets (Badminton and Table Tennis) , Shuttlecocks, Table

Tennis Balls, Module, Class Record,
Ball pen, Chalk, Meter Stick, Nets (Badminton and Table
Tennis).
Duration; 2 hours per week / 20 meetings
Lesson/Class Proper; (2hours, 1 session)
▪ Briefing, Orientation Introduction and Acquaintance, Give
assignment about Individual and Dual sports to be
submitted next meeting.
▪ Orientation about the department and class policies.
Generate information that will serve as motivation for the
understanding of the game.
 Content/Topics;
1. Table Tennis
A. History of Table Tennis and development of the game.
B. Facilities and Equipment Used
C. Officials Responsibilities
D. Stretching Activities before and after the game.
E. Basic Skills;
∙ Serving
∙ Receiving
∙ Smash
∙ Drop Shop
∙ Spin
∙ Chop
F. Tournaments
INTRODUCTION
Table tennis (or ping-pong, as it is often called),is a popular
individual and dual racket sport. Two opponents (in singles) or two teams of
two opponents (in doubles) can play a match consisting of games and points.
The player due to strike the ball first is the server and the is called the
receiver. It is an indoor game and could be enjoyed by everybody, even the
physical handicapped.

The overall objective of the game is to win the match by winning

enough points to win more than half of the number of maximum possible
games to be played. A secondary objective (and some would say the main
objective) is to have fun and get a bit of exercise at the same time!
Lesson 1: HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT

Table tennis started in the early 1880s as a miniature

version of tennis in England, Hollow, banjolike,
rectangular rackets, and rubber or cork balls were the
equipment during the first few years of the game. The
game was sometimes called as indoor tennis, “whiff
whaff” “gossima”, or “gossamer”.
Englishman, James Gibb, in 1890, first introduced the celluloid ball,
permitting increased control of it. In 1902, E, C. Goode introduced the
rubber-faced racket, permitting variety of strokes and spins to be placed
on ball. Some sources also credit Gibb with inventing the name “ping
pong”, which was supposed to have been derived from the sound of the
ball. John Jacques register “Ping Pong” as a name in England. The
Americans rights to the name are said to Parkers Brothers.
Table tennis is controlled by the worldwide organization,
International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF), founded in 1986 in
berlin, at which time it sponsored the first World Table Tennis
Championships in London. ITTF adopted uniform rules and
standardized the implements of play.The table tennis official rules
are specified in the ITTF handbook.
Interest in table tennis rapidly increased in other countries. Since 1998,
table tennis has been an Olympic sport. Some reasons for its popularity
are as follows; it is not an elaborate sport; it could played indoor;
equipment is inexpensive; it requires limited space; it could be enjoyed by
all; and could be played by physically handicapped individuals.

From 1970’ s up to present, China is the dominant force in both men’s and
women,s events on the world scene, winning multiple events at all world
championships. In 1985, the two color rule is adopted to reduce the
effectiveness of combination rackets. In 2000, the ITTF increases the ball
diameter to 40mm. The following year, 2001, the ITTF changes the scoring
system, moving to 11 points in a game.
In the Philippines, Table Tennis Association of the
Philippines (TATAP) which was founded in 1951, is the
governing body of table tennis recognized by the
Philippine Olympic Committee, Southeast Asian Table
Tennis Association, The Asia Table Tennis Union, and the
International Table Tennis Federation
Lesson 2:Values/Benefits:
1. Health and Fitness. Table tenni is good for your health – It’s great for getting up a
sweat and getting up a sweat and getting the heart rate up. Played at the higher levels,
it’s one of the fastest sports around. A couple of hours a week hitting the ball do
wonders for your fitness.

2. Gentle on your Body. It’s easy on the body. You can play the game according to your
own capabilities and limitations, and still be competitive. And being a non-contact
sport, you don’t have to worry about those bruises or even broken bones that you can
get in contact sports.
3. It could be played by all. There’s no age or gender barriers – it’s common at clubs for
60 year old juniors, or men playing against women, and with everyone having a great
time and a close match. Families can all play each other. In fact, many athletes with
disabilities can complete on equal terms with able-bodied athletes at table tennis,
since there is much more the game than sheer power or strength.
4. A sport for life. Table Tennis is lifelong sport that can be played
compitetively right up to your eighties and beyond. It’s never too late to
start.
5. Keeps You Mentally Sharp. As a get older, table tennis is good for the brain.
There is an awful lot of thinking, planning, and strategizing going on out
there on the court, all of which helps keep the old gray matter activity.
6. You can Play Anytime. Table tennis is an indoor, non-seasonal sport, You
can play it all year round, day or night, and you don’t have to worry about
bad weather or covering up to keep those harmful UV rays off you.
7. You Can Play Anywhere. It’s space efficient. You don’t need a huge amount
of space to have fun at home. In the dormitory lobby and a foldaway table
can be put away when you aren’t using it.
 8. Make New Friends. Table Tennis is a great social sport.You’ll get to meet
plenty of people down at the local clubs or I your PE Class. Play a competition
once in a while and you’ll be able to compete and make friends with a whole
bunch of fellow table tennis enthusiasts.
9. You Don’t Have to Spend a Fortune. You don’t have to spend a lot of money
to play table tennis. A basic table tennis racket, net and a ball are not too costly
weather or covering up to keep those harmful UV rays on you.
10. Enjoy Yourself. It’s fun! Table tennis is a wonderful sport to take up for life.
It’s easy to play, yet difficult to master.You’ll always have another challenge
to look forward to, and another mountain to climb.

▪ You can’t argue with all of those reasons, can you? So now that you’re
convinced that table tennis is for you, let’s take a look at what you will need
to get started in the sport.
LESSON 3: EQUIPMMENT
AND FACILITIES

1.Table

The table is 2.74 m (9 ft)

long,1.525 m (5 ft) wide
,and 76 cm (30 inch) high,
layered with smooth
coating. The table or
playing surface is divided
into two halves by a 15.25 FIG 1:Table Tennis Table showing
cm ( 6 inch ) high net.The the dimensions.
table surface is often in a
green, blue or dark color
2.Ball

The international rules specify that

the game is played with a light 2.7
gram, 40 mm diameter ball. It’s made
of celluloid material, colored white or
orange, with a matte finish. Stars on
the ball indicate the quality of the
ball.Three stars indicate that it is of
the highest quality, and is used in
official competition (see ITTF Laws).
3.Racket
Players are equipped with a laminated wooden racket covered with rubber on
one or two sides depending on the grip of the player.This is called either a
paddle, racket, blade or a bat. The wooden portion of the racket, is often
referred to as the “blade” There are no official restrictions on the shape or
size of the blade itself, however, these dimensions are optimal for most styles
of play. International rules specify that one side must be red while the other
side must be black. The player has the right to inspect his opponent’s racket
before a match to see the type of rubber used and what color it is.There are
two types of rubber used by players: ordinary pimpled rubber and the
sandwich rubber(see ITTF Law).

FIG 2: Racket FIG 3:

Sandwich Ordinary
Rubber and Pimpled
Balls. Rubber.
4. Net Assembly
This is stretched across the center of the table by a
ft
cord attached to a post at either end. Its measures 6
long and the ball must pass over it for a rally to
continue (see ITTF Laws.)

FIG 4: Net
and its
Assembly
5. Playing Conditions

The playing space shall be rectangular and not less

than 14 meters long, 7 meters wide and 5 meters
high, but the 4 corners may be covered by
surrounds of not more than 1.5 meters length. The
playing area shall be endorsed about 75 cm high,
all of the same dark background color, separating it
from adjacent playing areas and from spectators
(see ITTF Handbook).
Lesson 4: SAFETY

1. Before starting to play or practice, check the playing

area. Choose a smooth and safe surface to play.
2. Make sure all the equipment are safe to use especially
the tables and surrounds. Check that all legs are locked
and stable.
3. Pick up unused and spare equipment and other items
(bags, towels, bottles) and place in out of the way.
4. Wear proper playing attire.
Lesson 5: ETHICS AND ETIQUETTE

1. Observe sportsmanship when playing.

2. Control of temper and language is
important.
3. Learn to win and lose gracefully.
4. Never question the official’s decisions.
Lesson 6: WARM - UP

1. Jog in place
2. Head bending (head clock stretching)
3. Arms stretching.
4. Back stretching.
5. Hips rotation.
6. Calf stretching.
7. Toes stretching.
Lesson 7: FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS

1. GRIP
- Grip means how to hold racket. The
main two grips are: shakehand grip and
penhold grip.
• Shakehand grip. The shakehand grip is aptly
named because you hold the racket or paddle
as if you were shaking someone’s hands, with
your index finger extending over the bottom
part of the rubber on the backhand side and
your thumb slightly touching the rubber on
the forehand side. Notice how only 3 fingers
wrap around the handle.
 FIG 5: Shakehand Grip
Mechanics:
• Preparation phase

A. Blade rests in crock between thumb and forefinger.

B. Thumbnail perpendicular to racket surface.
C. Index finger near bottom of racket.
D. Loose grip.
E. To strengthen forehand, rotate top of racket toward
you.
F. Strengthen backhand, rotate top of racket away from
you.
 COMMON ERRORS AND CORRECTIONS
▪ ERROR
1. Either your forehand or backhand shots feel
erratic or unstable .
2. The soft part of your thumb touches the
racket.
FIG 6:
3. Your index finder sticks out on the surface on backhand
side of the racket.

FIG 7:

4. Your grip is too tight.

CORRECTION
1. Rotating the top of the racket forward (when holding the
racket in front of the body with a shakehand grip) will make
the backhand more stable but the forehand less stable;
rotating it backward will do the reverse. Most players
find the compromise between the two extremes.
2. This gives you an erratic forehand as well as less
power on the backhand. Your thumbnail should be
perpendicular to the racket.
Review Figure 1.
3. This gives a good forehand, but an unstable
backhand.It also gives less hitting area for the
backhand. Keep your index finger near the bottom of
the blade.
4. Relax your grip . Holding the racket too tightly costs you both
power and control. A good way to tell if your holding the racket
too tightly is too imagine someone sneaking up behind you as
you play and grabbing your racket. If the person would have
trouble pulling it from your grip, you are holding the racket too
tightly.

▪ Penhold Grip. The penhold grip is also aptly named because

you hold the paddle just like a pen, only grasping the paddle at
the top of the handle. Because of this, ‘’penholders’’ often use
paddle paddles with special handles more comfortable for
them.
Mechanics:
A. Preparation Phase

a. Grip racket loosely

b. Thumb and index finger meet in front of racket perpendicular to
racket.
c. Curl 3 fingers on back of racket or extend 3 fingers on back of
racket.

Fig. 8a. Chinese Penhold Fig. 8b. Korean Penhold

 ❖ It is your choice which grip you want to use,but the
shakehand grip is suggested especially for
beginners.Also, the shakehand grip makes table
tennis a lot easier to play, because it gives you
freedom of wrist and allows you to hit easily from
both forehand and backhand sides.
COMMON ERRORS AND CORRECTIONS
✔ ERROR
1. Either your forehand or your backhand grip feels weak or erratic.
2. Your grip is too tight.
CORRECTION
1. Rotate the right side of the racket forward to
make your forehand stronger (see Figure a):
rotate the right side of the racket backward to
make your backhand stronger (see Figure b).
It’s usually best to make compromise between
the two with a neutral grip (see Figure c).
2. Relax your grip. Holding the racket too tightly
costs you both power and control. A good way to
tell if you’re holding the racket too tightly is to
imagine someone sneaking up behind you as you
play and grabbing your racket. If the person would
have trouble pulling it from your grip, you are
holding the racket too tightly.
ii. Ready Position/Footwork
Before you can properly execute any table tennis
shot, you need to learn a correct ready position.
Player should directly face the table with his legs
slightly flexed, his feet spread about eighteen
inches apart, and his body in a crouched position.
Racket should be table height and in front of the
body (for easy transfer to forehand and backhand).
Mechanics:
• Stand in a ready position. To move to
left make a small step with the left foot
to the left
• The right foot moves next to the left
foot.
• The left foot moves to the left into the
ready position.
COMMON ERRORS AND CORRECTIONS

▪ ERRORS
1. Your feet bounce too high or lift off the ground.
2. You’re not in position at the end of the
movement.
3. Your heels are on the ground.
4. You’re reaching got the ball.
 CORRECTION
1.Your feet should stay low to the ground ,almost
sliding.
2.Make adjustments during and after the movement
3.Your weight should be on the inside balls of your
feet.
4.Try not to reach for the ball, but instead use the
two-step footwork. Move the leg that is in the
direction you want to go and follow up with the other
3.Basic strokes
∙ Forehand drive. The forehand drive is generally the
strongest shot in the game. It is an aggressive topspin
shot and is important for 3 reasons: you need it to
attack shots to your forehand side; it will probably be
your primary attacking shot; and it’s the shot you’ll use
most often to smash.
▪ Mechanics;
Preparation Phase
a.In ready position.
b.Arm relaxed
c.Racket slightly open against
backspin, slightly closed or
perpendicular against topspin.
d.Wrist loose and cocked
slightly down.
e.Move into position, right foot Fig .11a.
slightly back for forehand.
 Execution Phase –
Backswing
a. Rotate body backward
at waist and hips.
b. Rotate arm backward
at elbow.
c. Rotate weight to back Fig .11b
foot.
Execution phase – Forward
Swing
a. Rotate weight to front foot.
b. Rotate body forward on
waist and hips.
c. Rotate arm forward the
elbow.
d. Contact made in front and Fig .11c
to the right side of body.
 Follow Through
Phase
a. Racket goes
forward and
slightly up
naturally.
b. Ready to ready Fig .11d
position.
▪ Backhand Drive
Mechanics:
Preparation Phase Fig .12a
a. In ready position.
b .Arm relaxed.
c. Racket slightly open against backspin, slightly
closed or perpendicular against topspin.
d. Wrist loose and cocked slightly down.
e. Move into position, right foot slightly back for
forehand.
 Execution Phase – Backswing
a. Bring racket straight toward the
waist.
b. Against underspin, bring racket
slightly down.
c. Cock wrist backward.
d. Racket perpendicular, or
slightly closed, against topspin;
slightly open against backspin. Fig .12b
 Execution Phase – Forward
Swing
a. Racket moves straight forward.
b. Elbow moves slightly forward.
c. Contact made in front and
slightly to left side.
d. Turn top of wrist down at contact
so it faces the table, closing the Fig .12c
racket.
 Follow Through
Phase
a.Racket goes in
general direction
ball is hit.
b.Return to ready
position.
Fig .12d
❑ COMMON ERRORS AND CORRECTIONS
ERROR
1.The ball goes into the net or off the
end.
2.The shot feels strained or erratic.
3.No power
4.You’re off balanced during the shot.
 • CORRECTIONS
1. Read the spin and adjust racket angle. If you’re going into the net, aim
higher and contact more under the ball. If you’re going off the end aim
lower with a closed racket.
2. Make sure you’re executing each part of the forward swing in the correct
sequence. On the forehand shot, the order should be weight transfer, hip
and waist rotate, then forearm snap. On the backhand, the order should
be forearm snap, then turn the top of the wrist over so it faces the table.
Make sure your muscles are relaxed.
3. Accelerate the racket into the ball more, using all parts of the stroke, Make
sure you have s strong elbow snap. On the forehand, use more weight
shift. On the backhand, increase the length of the backswing. Relax your
muscles.
4. Moves to the ball, don’t reach.
✔The push is a passive backspin shot generally
done against a backspin serve or push that
you do not feel comfortable attacking, either
for tactical reasons or because pushing is a
more consistent way of returning back spin.
Keep the ball low ,place it well, and give it a
good backspin.
 ∙ Forehand Push Fig .13a
❑ Preparation Phase
a. In ready position
b. Move into position

Execution Phase –
Backswing
a. Open racket.
b. Bring arm backward and
slightly up, pivoting elbow.
c. Cock wrist back. Fig .13b
 Execution Phase – Forward Swing
a. Move racket forward from elbow.
b. Snap wrist at contact.
c. Contact ball in front and slightly to the
right of your body. Fig .13c
d. Graze back bottom of ball.

Follow Through Phase

a. Follow through forward and downward.
b. Return to ready position.
Fig .13d
 • Backhand Push
Preparation Phase
a. In ready position.
b. Move into position.

Execution Phase – Backswing

a. Open racket.
b. Bring arm backward and slightly up, pivoting at elbow.
c. Cook wrist back
 Execution Phase – Forward Swing
A. Move racket forward from elbow.
B. Snap wrist at contact.
C. Contact ball in front your body.
D. Graze back bottom of ball.

Follow through Phase

A. Follow through forward and
downward.
B. Return to ready position.
▪ COMMON ERRORS AND
CORRECTIONS
▪ ERROR
1.The ball goes into the net or off the end, or
pops up.
2.You’re not getting enough backspin.
3.You don’t have control of the ball.
 CORRECTION
1.Read the spin and adjust the racket angle.
2.Graze the ball more at contact. Contact more under the ball; use your
wrist.
3.Make sure your stroke is smooth, not jerky. The push is slow control shot,
so don’t stroke too fast.The aim is to keep the ball low with good backspin.
Make sure you’re moving to the ball, not reaching.
4.Spin and Racket Angels: It’s Game of Spin
Table tennis is a game of spin. Nearly every stroke and serve imparts
some type of sin to the ball, and to understand each type of spin.
• Why is spin Important?

All good players put spin on their shots. An

attacker uses topspin to control or his attack, a
defender uses backspin to control his or her defense.
Nearly all players use sidespin on their serves to keep
their opponents from using a strong return. Without
spin, the game would be very different and a lot less
exciting.
Because your opponents will be using spin, you
must also. The types of spin you use against
various shots will depend on what type of style
you develop .If you wish to develop your game
fully, you must learn how to use spin and how to
play against it. There are three basic types of spin :
tospin ,backspin and sidespin ( see figure 14 ) .You
can use combinations of them , or use no spin at
all ( “no spin” ).
Figure 15. The 3 basic types of spin.
∙ Topspin . If you hit the ball so that the top
half of it rotates away from you , you create
topsoin.This is done by hitting the back of the
ball ( usually toward the top ) with an upward
stroke.
Characteristics of topspin
a. The ball travels in a downward arc (see Figure ) This means
that a hard – hit ball that would normally go off the end of the
table can still hit the table. This makes topspin ideal for attack by
forcing the ball down.
b. The ball jumps after it hits the table, throwing off an
opponent’s timing and making it difficult to return.
c. The ball will be returned high or off the end of the table if the
spin is not taken into account.
❖ Backspin. If you hit the ball so that the
bottom half of it rotates away from you,
you create backspin (also known as
underspin or chop). This is done by
hitting the back of the ball (usually
toward the bottom) with a downward
stroke.
• Characteristics of backspin:
a. The ball travels in a line (see Figure 15). This keeps the ball at the same
height or longer period of time than other balls, which makes it to easier to
keep the ball low. This makes backspin ideal for defensive players. (Actually,
backspin makes the ball curve upward – but this is balanced out by gravity
pulling the ball down, so the ball tends to go in line).
b. The ball will be returned into the net if the spin is not taken into account.
c. The ball will slow down after it hits the table, throwing off an opponent’s
timing and making it difficult to return.
d. A good backspin serve usually will keep an opponent from attacking the
serve, often forcing a backspin return that can be attacked.
Backspin is used primarily as a defensive or
passive shot. It’s used to keep the ball low
and difficult to attack. Some defensive players
(“choppers”) will back up 15 feet or more to
return topspin drives with backspin. Backspin
can lead to pushing, which is returning a ball
that has a backspin with your own backspin.
• Sidespin.
If you hit the ball so that the side of it moves away from you, you create sidespin.
This is done by hitting the back of the ball (usually toward the side) with a sideway
stroke. The ball spins like a record player.

Characteristics of sidespin:
a. The ball curves sideways. This can throw off an opponent’s timing.
b. The ball will bounce sideways when it hits the table, throwing off an opponent’s
timing and making it difficult to return.
c. The ball will be returned off to the side if the spin is not taken into account.
d. Sidespin is specially effective on serves. A good sidespin serve can force and
opponent into error.
 ∙ No Spin.
❖ A ball without spin is also a good variation, especially on the
serve.

Characteristics of non-spin:
a. Unless the ball is very low, it can be attacked easily if read
properly.
b. A short non-spin ball will often be mistaken for backspin, with
the results that it is popped up; or it can be mistaken for topspin or
sidespin and put in the net.
c. Any spin shot can be done without spin as a variation.
❖ COMMON ERRORS AND CORRECTIONS
❖ ERROR
1. You return opponent’s backspin into the
net.
2. You return opponent’s topspin off the
end.
3. You misread the amount of spin on the
incoming ball.
CORRECTION
1. Open your racket more and aim higher.
2. Close your racket more and aim lower.
3. Make sure you’re reading which type of sidespin your opponent is using, and aim in the
opposite direction that the ball is coming.
4. Watch your opponent’s racket just before and after contact and speed of the incoming
ball. Racket speed converts to speed and spin, so the slower the incoming ball is (relative
to racket speed), carefully as its arc can also tell you how much spin it has-topspin drop
quickly , backspins float.
5. Basic Serving
Service is a shot that initiates the rally in a game. Players serve from behind the
table to their opponent so that the ball bounces first on their half of the table and then on
their opponent’s half of the table. If the service hits the net on the way over, but is
otherwise a successful service then this is termed a “let” service and the server may have
another serve. Service alternates after every two points. There are basic 4 serve
: forehand topspin, backhand topspin, backhand topspin, forehand
topspin, and backhand backspin.

∙ Forehand and Backhand topspin Serve

The ball tossed vertically and, with a sweeping upward motion,
the racket should otherwise a successful service then this is
termed a “let” service and the server may have another serve.
Service alternates after every two points. There are basic 4
serves: forehand topspin, backhand topspin, forehand topspin,
and backhand topspin.
✔The ball tossed vertically and, with a sweeping
upward motion, the racket should brush
behind and above the ball. Backhand topspin
serve is made with the same motion, as the
forehand topspin serve.
Mechanics:
Forehand topspin Serve
Preparatory Phase
1. Racket roughly perpendicular to floor.
2. a wrist loose and cocked slightly down.
3. Arm flexed.

Execution Phase – Backswing

1. Draw racket back roughly 1 foot.
2. Toes ball upward between 6 inches and eye level.
 ▪ Execution Phase – Forward swing
1. Racket moves forward.
2. Graze the back of the ball upward for extra topspin.
3. Contact the back of the ball very flat for extra speed.

▪ Follow Through Phase

1. Follow through naturally.
2. Follow through slightly up for extra topspin.
3. Follow through straight forward for extra speed.
 ∙Forehand and Backhand Serve
- In forehand backspin serve, the ball
tossed vertically in the air to about
shoulder height. The racket should then be
brought forward and downward so that the
blade is drawn across and a little below the
center of the back of the ball.
- Backhand backspin serve is executed in approximately
the same way as the forehand backspin serve except that
the player assumes the backhand position and the racket is
started from a position in front of the shoulder of the
non-stroking arm. The arm forehand backspin serve, the
ball tossed vertically in the air to about shoulder height.
The racket should then be brought forward and downward
so that the blade is drawn across and a little below the
center of the back of the ball.
- Backhand backspin serve is executed in
approximately the same way as the forehand
backspin serve except that the player assumes the
backhand position and the racket is started from a
position in front of the shoulder of the non-stroking
arm. The swing is made across the body with only a
slight forward motion of the racket.
 • Mechanics:
❖ Forehand and Backspin Serve
❖ Backhand Backspin Serve
❖ Preparatory Phase
1. Racket very open.
2. Wrist loose and cocked slightly up.
3. Arm relaxed.
 Execution Phase – Backswing
1. Draw racket back roughly 1 foot.
2. Toss ball upward between 6 inches and eye level.

Execution Phase – Forward swing

1. Graze the back bottom of the ball with a forward and slightly downward
motion.
2. Contact the ball with a fine grazing for more backspin.
Follow Through Phase
1. Follow through naturally.
2.Try to make the ball land short.
• COMMON ERRORS AND CORRECTIONS
- ERROR
1.You serve bounces too high making it easy for your opponent to
attack.
2.Your serve goes into the net.
3.Your serve goes into the table.
4.You miss the ball entirely.
5.You’re not generating enough spin.
6.You serves erratic.
7.You can’t keep your backspin serve short.
8.You can’t hit the topspin serve fast enough.
 CORRECTION
1.Contact the ball lower and make sure not to hit downward at contact . This is the most
common cause of a high bounce.
2.Make sure your first bounce isn’t so close to the net that it can’t rise.
3.Either you’re serving too fast or your serve is bouncing too high. The ball doesn’t have a
chance to drop on the other side.
4. Keep your eye on the ball. Toss the ball slightly higher so you have more time to watch it
and time your contact.
5. Make sure to graze the ball. Generate racket speed with loose muscles, longer
backswing.
6. Make sure the stroke and contact are the same each time. Make sure your arm is relaxed.
7. Graze the ball more. Make the first bounce near the net and very slow.
8. Make sure your arm is loose. Snap your forearm and wrist into the shot and hit mostly
forward.
SIDESPIN
Sidespin serve can be made from either a forehand or a backhand
position . The racket blade is angled slight forward and the side
stroking action starts sideward toward the center of the body with
only a slight forward motion of the racket.

Service is sometimes called the “Trick” part of table tennis . You

should master a few established serves , but you should also invent
your own. Watch other player for ideas . There are in credible number
of varation . You can also experiment with different types of serves
(different placements , spin, ect). One of the most popular serve is
high toss serve. Also experiment with different contact points on the
racket , mixing up no-spin and spin.
Lesson 8: Basic Rules

1.Starting a game
According to ITTF rule 2.1.3.1 , the first service is
decided by lot , normally a other hand (usually hidden under
the table) ,allowing the other player to guess which hand the
ball is in. The correct or incorrect guess gives the “winner”
the option to choose to serve, hand (usually hidden under
the table ),allowing the other player to guess which hand the
ball is in. The correct or incorrect guess gives the “winner”
the option to choose to serve, receive, or to choose which
ends of the table to use.
2.Service
• In game play, the player serving the ball commences a
point. The player stands with the ball held in the palm of the
freehand, with the hand behind the end line of the table and
higher than the surface of the table. The racket is held in the
other hand, the racket hand, and the server tosses the ball
directly upward without spin, at least 16 centimeters
(approximately 6 inches ) high, and strikes the ball with the
racket on the ball’s decent. The ball must remain behind
the end line and above the height of the table at all times
during the service .
• The server must strike the ball that it
bounces once on his or her half of the table,
and then bounces at least one time on the
opponent’s half. If the ball strikes the net but
does not strike the opponent’s half of the
table, then a point is awarded to the
opponent, However, if the ball hits the net,
but never the less goes over and bounces on
the other side, it is called a let.
3. Hitting the ball

Any hitting of the ball must be done such that the

ball passes over or around the net. If a player cannot return
a legal hit over (or around) the net so that the ball bounces
on the opposite side of the table, the player loses the point.

4. Scoring

Points are awarded to the opponent for any of several

errors in play (see ITTF Laws).
5. Alternation of Service

• Service alternates between opponents every two points

(regardless of winner of the rally) until a player reaches 11
points with at least two-point lead, or until both players have
10 points a piece. If both players reach 10 points, then service
alternates after each point, until one player gains a two-point
advantage. In doubles, service alternates every two-points
between sides, but also rotates between players on the same
team. At the end of every two-points, the receiving player
becomes the server, and the partner of the serving player
becomes the receiver.
 TERMINOLOGIES

❖ Anti or Anti-loop or Anti-spin - A smooth

rubber with very low surface friction,
used to defend against excessive spin or
to confuse the opponent. This type of
rubber deactivates spin and speed,
returning a “dead” ball.
❑ Chop – A defensive return of a topspin stroke played backspin ,
usually well away from the table.
❑ Closed Racket - A stroke played with the striking surface of the
racket angled downwards , eg. A topspin stroke or block.
❑ Doubles – A game of table tennis where two people play on each
side and alternate turns at striking the ball.
❑ Drive – A stroke played close to the table with your racket arm
moving forward and slightly upwards in the direction that the
ball is going to travel.
❑ Drop Shot – A shot which drops very short over the net on your
opponent’s side of the table. Usually played when your opponent
is positioned away from the table.
❑ Expedite – A rule which comes into operation if a game is
unfinished after 10 minutes play (or at any earlier time at
the request of both players or pairs).There after , each
player shall serve for 1 point in turn and if the receiving
player or pair makes 13 returns , the receiver shall score a
point.
❑ Flick or Flip – A stroke played close to the table where you
hit over the back or top of the ball, using a loose wrist
action to impart topspin.
❑ Forehand – A shot executed where the palm of your hand is
facing your opponent, to the right side of the elbow for a
right handed player and vice versa for a left handed player.
❑ Free Hand – The hand not holding the racket.
❑ Game – A game is won by the player or pair first
scoring 11 points unless both players or pairs
score 10 points, when a game shall be won by
the first player or pair subsequently gaining a
lead of 2 points.
❑ High Toss Serve – A serve where the ball is
thrown high into the air. This helps the server to
increase the amount of spin and speed imparted
onto the ball.