CHAPTER

2 Sets

Topicwise Weightage of JEE Main 6 Years Paper (124 Sets)

Operations on Sets
22% Definition and Type
of Sets
11%
Cartesian Product
3% of Sets
Some Important Results on
Number of Elements in Sets 6% Laws of Algebra of
Sets

58%

“How’s the Josh?” for these Topics: Mark your confidence level in the blank space around the topic (Low-L, Medium-M, High-H)

INTRODUCTION Collection Set

The concept of set serves as a fundamental part of the present day
mathematics. It permeates virtually every branch of mathematics. 1. Consonant in English Alphabet Set
Yet, most mathematics students receive only a cursory overview
of the theory of sets. 2. Difficult topics in Mathematics Not a Set

3. Collection of past Presidents of India Set

DEFINITION
A set is a well defined collection of objects. 4. Group of Intelligent Students in JEE Batch Not a Set
By well defined we mean there should be no ambiguity regarding
the inclusion and exclusion of the objects. Note:
1. Generally, If you can see an adjective like good, difficult
intelligent, brave in a sentence then it does not describe a set.
2. Sets are usually denoted by capital letters A, B, …, X, Y, Z.
Collection of objects or things in a set called as elements
The elements of the set are denoted by small letters.
3. In a set, the order in which elements are written makes no
Set of Fruits in a Set of Coin in a Set of Books in a difference.
Basket Bank Library 4. In a set, the repetition of elements not allowed.
REPRESENTATION OF SET Example:
Set of even prime numbers less than 2.
There are two methods for representing a set.
Set of natural numbers strictly lying between 5 and 6.
(i) Tabulation method or Roster form A = {x : x ∈ N, 5 < x < 6} = f

All the elements belonging to the set are written in curly (ii) Finite Set
brackets and separated by commas A set which is empty or consists of a definite number of
If A is the set of days of a week, then elements
Example:

A = {Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday,
Saturday, Sunday} Set of all natural numbers less than 6 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
(iii) Infinite sets
(ii) Set Builder Method or Set rule method
A set whose elements can not be counted.

In this method, we use the definition, which is satisfied by Example
all the elements of set. Set of real numbers and natural numbers.
In above example set A may be written as (iv) Singleton Set

A = {x : x is a day of week} A set having one and only one element is called singleton set
or unit set.
NOTATIONS OF SET OF DIFFERENT Example:
Set of all positive integral roots of the equation
NUMBERS
x2 – 2x – 15 = 0.
(i) Set of all natural numbers N = {1, 2, 3, …} ⇒ (x + 3)(x – 5) = 0
(ii) Set of all integers Z or I = {0, ±1, ±2, …} ⇒ x = –3 or x = 5 i.e., only one positive integral root is 5.
(iii) Set of non zero integers Z0 or I0 = {±1, ±2, ±3, …} C = {x ∈ R : x – 5 = 0}

(iv) Set of all rational numbers ⇒ x = 5 ⇒ C = {5} i.e., only one element.
Set of all positive integral roots = {5}.

Q = {x : x = p/q, where p and q relatively prime integers and
q ≠ 0}
(v) Set of real numbers is denoted by R
Train Your Brain

(vi) Set of complex numbers is denoted by C

Example 1: Solve 3x2 − 12x = 0.
When
CARDINAL NUMBER
(i) x ∈ N
The number of distinct elements in a set A is denoted by n(A) and (ii) x ∈ Z
it is known as cardinal number of the set A.
Sol. 3x2 − 12x = 0 ⇔ 3x (x − 4) = 0 ⇔ x = 0 or x = 4
™ Two finite sets A and B are equivalent if their cardinal number (i) when x ∈N ⇒ x = 4
are same. (ii) when x ∈ Z ⇒ x = 0 or x = 4
Example: ì 1 ü
Example 2: If Q = í x : x = , where y Î N ý , then
A = {x ∈ Z and x2 – 5x + 6 = 0} ⇒ A = {2, 3} î y þ
∴ n(A) = 2 (a) 0 ∈ Q (b) 1 ∈ Q
2
(c) 2 ∈ Q (d) ÎQ
TYPES OF SETS 3
1 1 1 2
(i) Null set or Void set or Empty set: Sol. (b) Here ¹ 0, ¹ 2, ¹ , [∵ y Î N ]
y y y 3
A set having no element is called as null set or empty set or
1
void set. It is denoted by φ or { }. The null set is the subset of
\ can be 1, [ y can be 1].
y
every set.

Sets 27
 ™ The number of non-void/non-empty subsets of
Concept Application A = (2m) –1.
™ The number of proper subsets of A = 2m – 1.
™ The number of non-void proper subsets of A = 2m – 2.
1. A = {x : x ≠ x} represents
Example:
(a) {0} (b) { }
The number of elements in the power set of set A = {1, 2}
(c) {1} (d) {x}
is 22.
2. The set {x : x is a positive integer less than 6} in roster
form is UNIVERSAL SET
(a) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
The universal set is the superset for all the sets under the
(b) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} consideration.
(c) {2, 4, 6} The set of complex numbers is the universal set for all possible
(d) {1, 3, 5} sets related to numbers.
3. Which of the following sets is a finite set?
(a) A = {x ; x ∈ Z and x2 – 5x + 6 = 0}
(b) B = {x ; x ∈ Z and x2 is even} Train Your Brain
(c) D = {x ; x ∈ Z and x > –10}
(d) All of these
Example 3: The number of non-empty subsets of the set
{1, 2, 3, 4} is

EQUAL AND EQUIVALENT SETS (a) 15 (b) 14

(c) 16 (d) 17
™ Two sets A and B are said to be Equivalent sets if their
Sol. (a) The number of non- empty subsets
cardinalities are same i.e., n(A) = n(B).
= 2n – 1 = 24 – 1 = 16 – 1 = 15.
™ Two finite sets A and B are said to be Equal sets if their
Example 4: Consider the following sets.
cardinalities are same, and the members in both the sets are
the same, i.e., A = B. A = {0}
B = {x : x > 15 and x < 5},
™ If A and B are equal sets, we denote it by A = B.
C = {x : x – 5 = 0},
™ If A and B are unequal sets, we denote it by A ≠ B.
D = {x : x2 = 25},
E = {x : x is an integral positive root of the equation
SUBSET AND SUPERSET x2 – 2x – 15 = 0}
If A and B are two sets such that every element of A is also an Choose the pair of equal sets
element of B, then A is a subset of B and B is superset of A. We (a) A and B (b) C and D
write A ⊆ B.
(c) C and E (d) B and C
Note: Sol. (c) Since, 0 ∈ A and 0 does not belong to any of the
™ Every set is a subset of itself i.e. A ⊆ A for all A. sets B, C, D and E, it follows that A ≠ B, A ≠ C,
™ Empty set f is subset of every set A ≠ D, A ≠ E. Since, B = f, but none of the other sets
are empty. Therefore B ≠ C, B ≠ D and B ≠ E. Also,
™ If A ⊆ B and B ⊆ A then A and B are said to be equal sets, i.e.
C = {5} but – 5 ∈ D, hence C ≠ D.
A = B.
 Since, E = {5}, C = E. Further, D = {–5, 5} so C & E
™ If A ⊆ B and A ≠ B, there A is called as Proper subset of B and are equal sets.
denoted by A ⊂ B. Example 5: If A = {x, y} then the power set of A is
™ If a set A has n elements, then the number of subsets of A = 2n. (a) {xy, yx}
(b) {f, x, y}
POWER SET (c) {f, {x}, {2y}}
Power set of a set A is the collection of all subsets of A and is (d) {f, {x} {y}, {x, y}}
denoted by P(A). Sol. (d) The collection of all the subsets of the set A is called
Let A be a finite set containing m elements i.e., n(A) = m, then the power set of A. It is denoted by P(A)
™ The number of elements in the power set of A, Given A = {x, y}; P(A) = {f,{x}, {y}, {x, y}}
n(P(A)) = 2m.

28 JEE Prayas Module-1 MATHEMATICS PW

 4. Closed-open interval (semi closed or semi open interval)
Concept Application [a, b) or [a, b[ = {x : a ≤ x < b}
= Set of all real numbers between a and b including a but
4. Consider the following sets. excluding b.
I. A = {1, 2, 3}
II. B = {x ∈ R : x2 – 2x + 1 = 0} a b
III. C = {1, 2, 2, 3} [a, b) or [a, b[
IV. D = {x ∈ R : x3 – 6x2 + 11x – 6 = 0} Some More Representations on Number Line
Which of the following sets are equal? Infinite open interval
(a) A = B = C (b) A = C = D x>a
(c) A = B = D (d) B = C = D a
x<b
5. The number of the proper subsets of {a, b, c} is:
b
(a) 3 (b) 8 (c) 6 (d) 7
Infinite close interval
6. Given the sets x≤b
A = {1, 3, 5}, B = {2, 4, 6} and C = {0, 2, 4, 6, 8}. b
Which of the following sets may be considered as x≥a
universal set for all the three sets A, B and C? a
(a) {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} (0, ∞) = R+
(b) f (– ∞, 0) = R–
(c) {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} (– ∞, ∞) = R
(d) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
7. The cardinality of the set P{P[P(f)]} is VENN-DIAGRAMS
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4
Venn − diagram is a systematic representation of sets in pictorial
form. A set is represented by circle inside the universal set which
is represented by rectangular region.

INTERVALS AS SUBSETS OF R
Four type of intervals can be defined as a subsets of R.
Let a, b ∈ R, such that a < b
1. Open Interval
(a, b) or] a, b [= {x : a < x < b} A⊂B
= Set of all real numbers between a and b, not including
a and b both. OPERATIONS ON SETS
a b (a) Union of sets
]a, b[ or (a, b) If A and B are two sets, then the union of two sets is denoted

by A ∪ B (read as "A union B") and defined as
2. Closed Interval
A ∪ B = {x : x ∈ A or x ∈ B}
[a, b] = {x : a ≤ x ≤ b}
Union is also known as join or “logical sum” of A and B.
= Set of all real numbers between a and b as well as including
Example:
a and b both.
A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {1, 3, 5, 7} then A ∪ B = {1, 2, 3, 5, 7}
a b Case-I: If A and B are not equal sets but they have some
[a, b] elements in common.

3. Open-closed Interval (semi closed or semi open interval)
(a, b] or ] a, b] = {x : a < x ≤ b}
= Set of all real numbers between a and b, a is not included
but b is included.

a b
(a, b] or ] a, b]
A∪B
Sets 29
 Case-II: If A and B have no elements in common.

A–B
Properties
If A and B are any two sets, then
(i) A – B = A ∩ B'
A∪B (ii) B – A = B ∩ A'
(b) Intersection of sets (iii) A – B = A ⇔ A ∩ B = f
The intersection of sets A and B is denoted by A ∩ B (read as (iv) (A – B) ∪ B = A ∪ B
"A intersection B") and defined as A ∩ B = {x : x ∈A and x ∈ B} (v) (A – B) ∩ B = f
Example: (vi) (A – B) ∪ (B – A) = (A ∪ B) – (A ∩ B)
A = {1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9}, B = {2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10} then A ∩ B (d) Complement of Set
= {2, 3, 5} Let U be the universal set and A be a subset of U, then
Case-I: If A and B are not equal sets but they have some complement of set A represented as A' or Ac is the set of all
elements in common. elements of U which do not belong to set A.
Thus A′ = {x : x ∈ U and x ∉ A} OR A′ = {x : x ∉ A}

A′
A∩B Example: U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} and A = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}
Case-II: If A and B have no elements in common. then Ac = {2, 4, 6, 8}
Properties:
U
™ A ∩ Ac = f (A and Ac are disjoint set)
™ A∪ Ac = U
™ (Ac)c = A
™ Uc = f
A B ™ fc = U
ADVANCED LEARNING
Note:
(e) Symmetric difference of two sets
Disjoint sets
The symmetric difference of sets A and B is the set (A − B)
Two sets are said to be disjoint sets if they have no elements
∪ (B − A) and is denoted by A∆ B
in common, that is A ∩ B = f
Thus, A∆B = {x : x ∈ (A − B) ∪ (B − A)} = {x : x ∉ A ∩ B}
Example: A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, B = {7, 8, 9, 10, 11} then
A and B are disjoint sets Example: A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}, B = {1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
(c) Difference of sets then A ∆ B = {2, 4, 9}
The difference of A and B, i.e.
A – B = {all those elements of A which do not belong to B}
A – B = {x : x ∈ A and x ∉ B}
Similarly, B – A = {all those elements of B that do not belong
to A}
B – A = {x : x ∈ B and x ∉ A}
Example: A = {2 , 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}, B = {3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13} then
A – B = {2, 4, 6} ADB

30 JEE Prayas Module-1 MATHEMATICS PW

 Train Your Brain 9. Let X = {Ram, Geeta, Akbar} be the set of students
of Class XI, who are in school hockey team and
Example 6: If N = {ax : x ∈ N} describe the set 3N∩7N. Y = {Geeta, David, Ashok} be the set of students
Sol. 3N = {3x : x ∈ N} = {3, 6, 9, …} from class XI, who are in the school football team,
Then X ∩ Y is
7N = {7x : x ∈ N} = {7, 14, 21, 28,…}
∴ 3N∩7N = {y : y is a multiple of 3 and y is a multiple (a) {Ram, Geeta} (b) {Ram}
of 7} (c) {Geeta} (d) {None of these}
= {y : y is a multiple of 21} 10. Let A = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21}
= {21, 42, 63, …} = 21 N
B = {4, 8, 12, 16, 20}
Example 7: What does the shaded portion of the Venn
C = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16}
diagram given below represent?
and D = {5, 10, 15, 20}
(I) (A ∪ B) – C = {3, 9, 18, 21}
P Q (II) (A – B) ∩ (C – D) = {6}
(III) (A ∩ B ∩ C) ∪ D = {12, 5, 15, 10, 20}
R Which of the following is correct?
(a) Only I and II
(a) (P ∩ Q) ∩ (P ∩ R) (b) Only II and III
(b) ((P ∩ Q) – R) ∪ ((P ∩ R) – Q) (c) Only III and I
(c) ((P ∪ Q) – R) ∩ ((P ∩ R) – Q) (d) None of these
(d) ((P ∩ Q) ∪ R) ∩ ((P ∪ R) – R)
Sol. (b) In the given Venn diagram, shaded area between sets
P and Q is (P ∩ Q) – R and shaded area between SOME IMPORTANT RESULTS
P and R is (P ∩ R) – Q. So, both the shaded area
ON NUMBER OF ELEMENTS IN SETS
is union of these two area and is represented by
(i) n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∩ B)
((P ∩ Q) – R) ∪ ((P ∩ R) – Q).
(ii) n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) ⇔ A and B are disjoint sets.
Example 8: If A = {x ∈ R : 0 < x < 3} and
(iii) n(A − B) = n(A) − n(A ∩ B)
B = {x ∈ R : 1 ≤ x ≤ 5} then A D B is
(iv) n(A∆B) = n(A) + n(B) − 2n(A ∩ B)
(a) {x ∈ R : 0 < x < 1}
(v) n(A ∪ B ∪ C) = n(A) + n(B) + n(C) −n(A ∩ B) − n(B∩C)
(b) {x ∈ R : 3 ≤ x ≤ 5} −n(A ∩ C) + n(A ∩ B ∩ C)
(c) {x ∈ R : 0 < x < 1 or 3 ≤ x ≤ 5} (vi) No. of elements in exactly two of the sets A, B, C
(d) f = n(A ∩ B) + n(B ∩ C) + n(C ∩ A) − 3n(A ∩ B ∩ C)
Sol. (c) From the given we have in interval notation (vii) No. of elements in exactly one of the sets A, B, C
A = (0, 3) and B = [1, 5] = n(A) + n(B) + n(C) − 2n(A ∩ B) − 2n(B ∩ C) −
Clearly A – B = (0, 1) = {x ∈ R : 0 < x < 1} and B – A 2n(A ∩ C) + 3n (A ∩ B ∩ C)
= [3, 5] = {x ∈ R : 3 ≤ x ≤ 5} (viii) n(A′ ∪ B′) = n(U) − n(A ∩ B)
\ A D B = (A – B) ∪ (B – A) = (0, 1) ∪ [3, 5] (ix) n(A′ ∩ B′) = n(U) − n(A ∪ B)
= {x ∈ R : 0 < x < 1 or 3 ≤ x ≤ 5}
LAWS OF ALGEBRA OF SETS
(a) Idempotent laws
Concept Application (i) A ∪ A = A
(ii) A ∩ A = A
8. Let A = {(n, 2n) : n ∈ N} and B = {(2n, 3n) : n ∈ N}. (b) Identity laws
What is A ∩ B equal to? (i) A ∪ φ = A
(a) {(n, 6n) : n ∈ N} (b) {(2n, 6n) : n ∈ N} (ii) A ∩ U = A
(c) {(n, 3n) : n ∈ N} (d) f i.e. φ and U are identity elements for union and intersection
respectively.
Sets 31
(c) Commutative laws
(i) A ∪ B = B ∪ A Case-I
(ii) A ∩ B = B ∩ A When n (A∩B) is minimum, i.e., n(A∩B) = 0
i.e. union and intersection are commutative This is possible only when A∩B = φ. In this case,
(d) Associative laws n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) − 0 = n(A) + n(B) = 3 + 6 = 9
(i) (A ∪ B) ∪ C = A ∪ (B ∪ C) So maximum number of elements in A ∪ B is 9.
(ii) A ∩ (B ∩ C) = (A ∩ B) ∩ C Case-II
i.e. union and intersection are associative When n(A ∩ B) is maximum.
(e) Distributive laws This is possible only when A ⊆ B.
(i) A ∪ (B ∩ C) = (A ∪ B) ∩ (A ∪ C) In this case n(A ∩ B) = 3.
(ii) A ∩ (B ∪ C) = (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ C) ∴ n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∩ B) = (3 + 6 − 3) = 6
i.e. union and intersection are distributive over intersection So, minimum number of elements in A ∪ B is 6.
and union respectively. Example 10: If A, B and C are three sets and U is the
(f ) De−Morgan’s laws universal set such that n(U) = 700, n(A) = 200, n(B) = 300
(i) (A ∪ B)′ = A′ ∩ B′ and n(A ∩ B) = 100. Find n(A′ ∩ B′).
(ii) (A ∩ B)′ = A′ ∪ B′ Sol. We have A′ ∩ B′ = (A∪B) ′
(iii) (A′)′ = A ∴ n(A′∩B′) = n((A ∪ B)′) = n(U) − n(A ∪ B)
= n(U) − [n(A) + n(B) −n(A ∩ B)]
= 700 − (200 + 300 − 100) = 300
CARTESIAN PRODUCT Example 11: Prove that for non empty sets A and B.
A ∪ B = (A − B) ∪ (B − A) ∪ (A ∩ B)
ADVANCED LEARNING
Sol. Consider
The Cartesian product of two sets A and B is the set {(a, b):
(A ∪ B) − (A ∩ B) = (A ∪ B) ∩ (A ∩ B)′
a ∈ A and b ∈ B} and is denoted by A × B. If A has m elements
and B has n elements, then A × B has mn elements = (A ∪ B) ∩ (A′ ∪ B′)
= [(A ∪ B) ∩ A′] ∪ [(A ∪ B) ∩ B′]
Example: A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {a, b} then A × B = {(1, a),
= [(A∩A′) ∪ (B∩A′)] ∪ [(A∩B′)∪ (B∩B′)]
(1, b), (2, a), (2, b), (3, a), (3, b)}
= [φ ∪(B ∩ A′)] ∪ [(A ∩ B′) ∪ φ]
n(A × B) = 3 × 2 = 6
= (B ∩ A′) ∪ (A ∩ B′)
Properties
= (B − A) ∪ (A − B)...(1)
For three sets A, B, and C Now R.H.S. = (A −B) ∪ (B − A) ∪ (A ∩ B)
(i) n(A × B) = n(A) × n(B) = [(A ∪ B) − (A ∩ B)] ∪ (A ∩ B) using (1)
(ii) A × B = f, if either A or B is an empty set = [(A ∪ B) ∩ (A ∩ B)′ ∪ (A ∩ B)
(iii) A × (B ∪ C) = (A × B) ∪ (A × C) = [(A ∪ B) ∪ (A ∩ B)] ∩ [(A ∩ B)′ ∪ (A ∩ B)]
= (A ∪ B) ∩ U, where U is universal set.
(iv) A × (B ∩ C) = (A × B) ∩ (A × C)
= A ∪ B = L.H.S.
(v) A × (B – C) = (A × B) – (A × C)
Example 12: In a certain city, only two newspapers A and
(vi) (A × B) ∩ (C × D) = (A ∩ C) × (B ∩ D) B are published. It is known that 25% of the city population
(vii) A × B = B × A ⇔ A = B reads A and 20% reads B, while 8% reads both A and B.
It is also known that 30% of those who read A but not B,
look into advertisements and 40% of those who read B but
not A, look into advertisements, while 50% of those who
read both A and B, look into advertisements. What % of the
Train Your Brain population read an advertisement?
Sol. Let L = Set of people who read paper A
Example 9: If A and B be two sets containing 3 and 6 M = Set of people who read paper B
elements respectively, what can be the minimum number Then n(L) = 25, n(M) = 20, n(L ∩ M) = 8
of elements in A ∪ B? Find also, the maximum number of n(L −M) = n(L) − n(L ∩ M) = 25 − 8 = 17
elements in A∪B. n(M − L) = n(M) −n(L ∩ M) = 20 − 8 = 12
Sol. We have n(A∪B) = n(A) + n(B) − n(A∩B). ∴ % of people reading an advertisement
= (30% of 17) + (40% of 12) + (50% of 8)
This shows that n(A∪B) is minimum or maximum
according as n(A∩B) is maximum or minimum 51 24
= + + 4 = 13.9%
respectively. 10 5

32 JEE Prayas Module-1 MATHEMATICS PW

 Concept Application In the Venn diagram below, each of the sets O, P and
S is represented by a circle.
11. A market research group conducted a survey of 1000 U
consumers and reported that 720 consumers liked
product A and 450 consumers liked product B. What
is the least number that must have liked both products?
(a) 170 (b) 280
(c) 220 (d) None of these (i) Copy the Venn diagram and label each circle
with the appropriate letter.
12. A set A has 3 elements and another set B has 6 elements.
(ii) Place each of the numbers 34, 35, 36 and 37 in
Then the appropriate part of your diagram.
(a) 3 ≤ n (A ∪ B) ≤ 6 (iii) State the value of n(O ∩ S) and of n(O ∪ S).
(b) 3 ≤ n (A ∪ B) ≤ 9 17. Find P, Q, R, S, T, U and V in given Venn diagram in
(c) 6 ≤ n (A ∪ B) ≤ 9 terms of A, B, C where A, B and C:
(d) 0 ≤ n (A ∪ B) ≤ 9
13. At a certain conference of 100 people, there are 29 A→ U
Indian women and 23 Indian men of these Indian ←B
R
people 4 are doctors and 24 are either men or doctors. P Q
There are no foreign doctors. How many foreigners
and women doctors are attending the conference? AÇ B ÇC
(a) 48, 1 (b) 34, 3 (c) 46, 4 (d) 42, 2
14. The number of elements in the set S T
{(a, b) : 2a2 + 3b2 = 35, a, b ∈ Z} where Z is the set
of all integers, is W
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 8 (d) 12
←C
15. Find P, Q, R and S in given Venn diagram in terms of
A, B where A and B are non empty sets
18. Shade (A ∪ B) ∩ (A ∪ C) in the following diagrams.
U
(a) U
A→ A B

P Q R C
←B
(b) A B U
C
S

16. The universal set U and the sets O, P and S are given (c) B AU
by
C
U = {x : x is an integer such that 3 ≤ x ≤ 100},
O = {x : x is an odd number}, B U
(d) C
A
P = {x : x is a prime number},
S = {x : x is a perfect square}.

Sets 33
 Aarambh (Solved Examples)
1. Among employee of a company taking vacations last years, Sol. Let the total population of town be x.
90% took vacations in the summer, 65% in the winter, 10% Phone Scooter
in the spring, 7% in the autumn, 55% in winter and summer, 65%
8% in the spring and summer, 6% in the autumn and summer,
4% in winter and spring, 4% in winter and autumn, 3% in 20% 5% 10%
the spring and autumn, 3% in the summer, winter and spring
3% in the summer, winter and autumn, 2% in the summer,
autumn and spring, and 2% in the winter, spring and autumn. 25 x 15 x 65 x
\
+ –1500 + =x
Percentage of employee that took vacations during every 100 100 100
season 5x
105 x
(a) 4 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 8
Þ – x = 1500 Þ = 1500
100 100
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
⇒ x = 30000
Sol. Suppose that number of employee taking vacations is 100. Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer.
Su – set of employee taking leave in summer
4. The shaded region in the given figure represents
Sw – set of employee taking leave in Winter
Sp – set of employee taking leave in Spring A
Sa – set of employee taking leave in Autumn
n(Su) = 90, n(Sw) = 65, n(Sp) = 10, n(Sa) = 7
C B
n(Sw ∩ Su) = 55, n(Sp ∩ Su) = 8, n(Sa ∩ Su) = 6
n(Sw ∩ Sp) = 4, n(Sw ∩ Sa) = 4, n(Sp ∩ Sa) = 3 (a) A ∩ (B ∪ C) (b) A ∪ (B ∩ C)
n(Su ∩ Sa) = 3, n(Su ∩ Sw ∩ Sa) = 3 (c) A ∩ (B – C) (d) A – (B ∪ C)
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
n(Su ∩ Sw ∩ Sp) = 3, n(Su ∩ Sa ∩ Sp) = 2
n(Sw ∩ Sp ∩ Sa) = 2 Sol. Shaded region contain elements of A not in B and not in C
hence it is A – (B ∪ C)
⇒ n(Su ∩ Sp ∩ Sw ∩ Sa)
Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.
= n(Su) + n(Sp) + n(Sw) + n(Sa) – n(Su ∩ Sp) – n(Sp ∩ Sw) –
n(Sw ∩ Sa) – n(Su ∩ Sa) – n(Su ∩ Sw) – n(Sp ∩ Sa) + n(Su ∩ 5. If A = {x : x2 – 5x + 6 = 0}, B = {2, 4}, C = {4, 5}, then A ×
Sp ∩ Sw) + n(Su ∩ Sw ∩ Sa) + n(Sw ∩ Sa ∩ Su) + n(Su ∩ Sp (B ∩ C) is
∩ Sa) – n(Sp ∪ Su ∪ Sa ∪ Sw) (a) {(2, 4), (3, 4)}
= 90 + 65 + 10 + 7 – 55 – 8 – 6 – 4 – 4 – 3 + 3 + 3 + (b) {(4, 2), (4, 3)}
2 + 2 – 100 = 2 (c) {(2, 4), (3, 4), (4, 4)}
Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer.
(d) {(2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5)}
2. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = {3, 4, 5} then the number of elements  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
in (A ∪ B) × (A ∩ B) × (A ∆ B) is
Sol. Clearly, A = {2, 3}, B = {2, 4}, C = {4, 5}
(a) 5 (b) 30 (c) 10 (d) 4
⇒ B ∩ C = {4}
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
∴ A × (B ∩ C) = {(2, 4), (3, 4)}
Sol. A ∪ B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, n(A ∪ B) = 5
Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.

A ∩ B = {3, 4}, n(A ∩ B) = 2
6. The set (B ∪ C) ∩ (A ∩ B′ ∩ C ′)′ ∩ C′ is equal to
∴ A ∆ B = (A – B) ∪ (B – A) = {1, 2} ∪ {5} = {1, 2, 5}
(a) B ∩ C ′ (b) A ∩ C
n(A ∆ B) = 3. Hence n((A ∪ B) × (A ∩ B) × (A ∆ B))
(c) B′ ∩ C ′ (d) None of these
= 5 × 2 × 3 = 30.
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.
Sol. (B ∪ C) ∩ (A ∩ B′ ∩ C ′)′ ∩ C′
3. In a certain town 25% families own a cell phone, 15%
families own a scooter and 65% families own neither a cell = (B ∪ C) ∩ (A′ ∪ B ∪ C) ∩ C ′
phone nor a scooter. If 1500 families own both a cell phone = (B ∪ C) ∩ C ′ = (B ∪ C) ∩ C ′
and a scooter. then total number of families in the town is = (B ∩ C ') ∪ f = B ∩ C '
(a) 10000 (b) 20000 (c) 30000 (d) 40000 Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) 7. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = {2, 4, 6}. Then the number of sets

34 JEE Prayas Module-1 MATHEMATICS PW

 C such that A ∩ B ⊆ C ⊆ A ∪ B is
a + b + c + d = 14 ...(i)
(a) 6 (b) 9 (c) 8 (d) 10
a + c + d = 12 ...(ii)
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
b + c + d = 9 ...(iii)
Sol. Here, A ∩ B = {2, 4}
b+d=7
and A ∪ B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6}
b = 2, a = 5, d = 5, c = 2
A∩B⊆C⊆A∪B |A| = b + c = 4
\ C can be {2, 4}, {1, 2, 4}, {3, 2, 4}, {6, 2, 4}, {1, 6, 2, 4}, |B| = d + c = 7
{6, 3, 2, 4}, {1, 3, 2, 4}, {1, 2, 3, 4, 6}
Therefore, option (c, d) is the correct answers.
Thus, number of set C which satisfy the given condition
is 8. 11. For any three sets. P, Q and R, S is an element of (P Δ Q)
Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer. Δ R, then S may belong to
8. If A = f, P(A) denotes power set of A, then number of (a) Exactly one of P, Q and R, if P, Q and R disjoint sets
elements in P(P(P(P(P(A))))) is (b) At least one of P, Q and R, but not in all three of them
(a) 1 (b) 24 (c) 25 (d) 216 at the same time
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) (c) Exactly two of P, Q and R
Sol. n(P(A)) = 2° = 1 (d) Exactly one of P, Q and R or in all the three of them

⇒ n(P(P(A))) = 21 = 2  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)

⇒ n(P(P(P(A)))) = 22 =4 Sol.

⇒ n(P(P(P(P(A))))) = 24 = 16 PDQ
⇒ n(P(P(P(P(P(A)))))) = 216
Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.
9. If A and B be two sets such that n(A) = 15, n(B) = 25, then P Q
number of possible values of n(A Δ B) (symmetric difference
of A and B) is
(a) 30 (b) 16 (c) 26 (d) 40 R
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)

Sol. n(A Δ B) = n(A ∪ B) – n(A ∩ B) for maximum n(A Δ B),
n(A ∪ B) should be maximum and n(A ∩ B) is minimum
For n(A ∩ B) to be minimum, A ∩ B = f

⇒ n(A ∪ B) = 25 + 15 = 40 (P D Q) D R

n(A Δ B) = 40
For n(A ∩ B) to be maximum, A ⊂ B

n(A ∩ B) = 15

⇒ n(A ∪ B) = 25 Therefore, option (a, d) is the correct answers.

n(A Δ B) = 25 – 15 = 10
12. Suppose A1, A2....., A30 are thirty sets each having 5 elements

⇒ Range of (A Δ B) = {10, 12, 14, 16, ……, 40}
and B1, B2....., Bn are n sets each having 3 elements. Let
Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer. n
30
10. |X| represent number of elements in region X. Now the ∪ A = ∪ B = S and each elements of S belongs to exactly
i=1 i j=1 j
following conditions are given 10 of Ai's and exactly 9 of Bj's. The value of n is equal to
|U| = 14, |(A – B)c| = 12, |A ∪ B| = 9 and |A Δ B |= 7, where A  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
and B are two subsets of the universal set U and Ac represents
Sol. Number of elements in
complement of set A, then

A1 ∪ A2 ∪ A3 ∪ ... ∪ A30 is 30 × 5 but each element is used
(a) |A| = 2 (b) |B| = 5 (c) |A| = 4 (d) |B| = 7
10 times, so
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
30 × 5
Sol. n(S) = = 15 ...(i)
10

A a B  Similarly, number of elements in B1 ∪ B2... ∪ Bn is 3 n but
each element is repeated 9 times, so
Sets b c d 35
 3n 9 × 10
n(S) = Total = = 45
9 2
3n Therefore, 45 is the correct answer.
⇒ 15 =      [from Eq. (i)]
9 14. In a survey it was found that 21 persons liked product P1,
⇒ n = 45 26 liked product P2 and 29 liked product P3. If 14 persons
Therefore, 45 is the correct answer. liked products P1 and P2; 12 persons liked product P3 and
13. A = {(x, y) : x, y ∈ I, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 and 4x + 5y ≤ 40} P1; 14 persons liked products P2 and P3, and 8 liked all the

B = {(x, y) : x, y ∈ I, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 and 5x + 4y ≤ 40} three products. Find how many liked product P3 only.
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
where I denotes the set of integers, then n(A ∩ B) =
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) Sol. Let n(P1) be a number of people liking product P1.

Sol. Let n(P2) be a number of people liking product P2.

Let n(P3) be a number of people liking product P3.
(0, 10)
(0, 8) Then, according to the question:
n(P1) = 21, n(P2) = 26,
n(P3) = 29, n(P1 ∩ P2) = 14
n(P1 ∩ P3) = 12,
n(P2 ∩ P3) = 14,
(8, 0) (10, 0) n(P1 ∩ P2 ∩ P3) = 8
\ Number of people liking product P3 only:
= 29 – (4 + 8 + 6)
= 29 – 18 = 11
Therefore, 11 is the correct answer.

“Sometimes the most productive

thing you can do is relax.”
 – Mark Black

36 JEE Prayas Module-1 MATHEMATICS PW

 Prarambh (Topicwise)
DEFINITION AND TYPE OF SETS (a) B ⊆ A (b) A ⊆ B
(c) A ∩ B = φ (d) A ∪ B = A
1. The set A = {x : x ∈ R, x2 = 16 and 2x = 6} equals
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
(a) φ (b) {14,3,4} (c) {3} (d) {4}
10. If X = {4n
– 3n – 1: n ∈ N} and Y = {9(n – 1) : n ∈ N} then
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
X ∪ Y is equal to
2. The number of proper subsets of the set {1, 2, 3} is (a) X (b) Y
(a) 8 (b) 7 (c) 6 (d) 5 (c) N (d) None of these
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
3. If X = {8n – 7n – 1 : n ∈ N} and Y = {49(n – 1) : n ∈ N},
then
SOME IMPORTANT RESULTS ON NUMBER
(a) X ⊆ Y (b) Y ⊆ X OF ELEMENTS IN SETS
(c) X = Y (d) None of these 11. Sets A and B have 3 and 6 elements respectively. What can
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) be the minimum number of elements in A ∪ B
(a) 3 (b) 6 (c) 9 (d) 18
OPERATIONS ON SETS  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
4. Given the sets A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {3, 4}, C = {4, 5, 6}, then 12. If A and B are two sets such that n(A) = 70, n(B) = 60, and
A ∪ (B ∩ C) is n(A ∪ B) = 110, then n(A ∩ B) is equal to
(a) {3} (b) {1, 2, 3, 4} (a) 240 (b) 50 (c) 40 (d) 20
(c) {1, 2, 4, 5} (d) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) 13. If A = [(x, y) : x2
+ y2
= 25] and B = [(x, y) : x2 + 9y2
= 144], then A ∩ B contains
5. If Na = {an : n ∈ N} then N3 ∩ N4 = (a) One point (b) Three points
(a) N7 (b) N12 (c) N3 (d) N4 (c) Two points (d) Four points
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
6. If aN = {ax : x ∈ N} and bN ∩ cN = dN, where b, c ∈ N are 14. In a city 20 percent of the population travels by car,
relatively prime, then 50 percent travels by bus and 10 percent travels by both car
(a) d = bc (b) c = bd and bus. Then persons travelling by car or bus is
(a) 80 percent (b) 40 percent
(c) b = cd (d) None of these
(c) 60 percent (d) 70 percent
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
7. If the sets A and B are defined as
15. In a class of 55 students, the number of students studying
1
A = {(x, y) : y = , 0 ≠ x ∈ R} different subjects are 23 in Mathematics, 24 in Physics, 19 in
x
Chemistry, 12 in Mathematics and Physics, 9 in Mathematics
B = {(x, y) : y = –x, x ∈ R}, then
and Chemistry, 7 in Physics and Chemistry and 4 in all the
(a) A ∩ B = A (b) A ∩ B = B three subjects. The number of students who have taken
(c) A ∩ B = φ (d) None of these exactly one subject is
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) (a) 6 (b) 9 (c) 7 (d) 22
8. Let A = [x : x ∈ R, |x| < 1]; B = [x : x ∈ R, |x – 1| ≥ 1] and  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
A ∪ B = R – D, then the set D is
(a) [x : 1 < x ≤ 2] (b) [x : 1 ≤ x < 2] LAWS OF ALGEBRA OF SETS
(c) [x : 1 ≤ x ≤ 2] (d) None of these 16. If A, B and C are any three sets, then A × (B ∩ C) is equal to
(a) (A × B) ∪ (A × C) (b) (A × B) ∩ (A × C)
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
(c) (A ∪ B) × (A ∪ C) (d) (A ∩ B) × (A ∩ C)
9. If the sets A and B are defined as
A = {(x , y) : y = ex, x ∈ R}  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
B = {x, y} : y = x, x ∈ R, then 17. If A, B and C are any three sets, then A – (B ∪ C) is equal to
Sets 37
 (a) (A – B) ∪ (A – C) (b) (A – B) ∩ (A – C)  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
(c) (A – B) ∪ C (d) (A – B) ∩ C 25. Let A = {(x, y): x ∈ R, y ∈ R, x3 + y3 = 1]}, B = {(x, y): x ∈ R,
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) y ∈ R, x – y = 1} and C = {(x, y): x ∈ R, y ∈ R, x + y = 1}. If
A ∩ B contains ‘p’ elements and A ∩ C contains ‘q’ elements
18. If A = [x : x is a multiple of 3] and B = [x : x is a multiple of 5], then find (q – p).
then A – B is ( A means complement of A) (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
(a) A Ç B (b) A Ç B  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
(c) A Ç B (d) A Ç B 26. In a examination of a certain class, at least 70% of the
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) students failed in Physics, at least 72% failed in Chemistry,
at least 80% failed in Mathematics and at least 85% failed
in English. How many at least must have failed in all the
CARTESIAN PRODUCT OF SETS four subjects?
19. If A = {2, 4, 5}, B = {7, 8, 9} then n(A × B) is equal to (a) 9%
(a) 6 (b) 9 (c) 3 (d) 0 (b) 7%
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) (c) 15%
(d) Cannot be determined due to insufficient data
20. If the set A has p elements, B has q elements, then the number
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
of elements in A × B is
27. Statement-I: N ∪ (B ∩ Z) = (N ∪ B) ∩ Z for any subset B
(a) p + q (b) p + q + 1
of R, where N is the set of positive integers, Z is the set of
(c) pq (d) p2 integers, R is the set of real numbers.
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) Statement-II: Let A = {n ∈ N : 1 ≤ n ≤ 24, n is a multiple
21. If A = {a, b}, B = {c, d}, C = {d, e} then {(a, c), (a, d), (a, e), of 3}. There exists no subset B of N such that the number of
(b, c), (b, d), (b, e)} is equal to elements in A is equal to the number of elements in B.
(a) A ∩ (B ∪ C) (b) A ∪ (B ∩ C) Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(c) A × (B ∪ C) (d) A × (B ∩ C) (a) I only (b) II only
(c) Both I and II (d) Neither I nor II
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
22. If A = {x : x2 – 5x + 6 = 0}, B = {2, 4}, C = {4, 5} then
A × (B ∩ C) is 28. In year 10 of a Kuala Lumpur International School, there
are 198 students.
(a) {(2, 4), (3, 4)} (b) {(4, 2), (4, 3)}
C = {students who like chilli}
(c) {(2, 4), (3, 4), (4, 4)} (d) {(2,2), (3,3), (4,4), (5,5)}
D = {students who like durian}
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
90 like durian and 130 like chilli. The number who like both
23. If P, Q and R are subsets of a set A, then R × (Pc ∪ Qc)c = is x and the number who like neither is 212 − 2x. Find the
(a) (R × P) ∩ (R × Q)c (b) (R × Q) ∩ (R × P) value of x.
(c) (R × P) ∪ (R × Q) (d) None of these (a) 76 (b) 78
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) (c) 80 (d) None of these
24. Let S = {x ∈ R : + 4x 2x+1 – 8 = 0}. Then x =  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3

38 JEE Prayas Module-1 MATHEMATICS PW

 Prabal (JEE Main Level)

SINGLE CORRECT TYPE QUESTIONS football, 12 play football and basketball and 8 play all the
games. Then total number of members are
1. Let A = {x : x ∈ R, x ≥ 2} and B = {x : x ∈ R, x < 4}. Then
(a) 42 (b) 43
A∩B=
(c) 45 (d) None of these
(a) {x : x ∈ R, 2 < x < 4}, (b) {x : x ∈ R, 2 ≤ x < 4}
(c) B (d) A  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) 10. If P(A) denotes the power set of A and A is the void set, then
what is number of elements in P{P{P{P(A)}}}?
2. Let U be the universal set containing 700 elements. If A,
B are subsets of U such that n(A) = 200, n(B) = 300 and (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 4 (d) 16
n(A∩B) =100. Then n(A′ ∩ B′) =  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
(a) 400 (b) 600 (c) 300 (d) 200 11. There are 4 prime numbers between n and 2n. Then,
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) possible values of n is
3. Let R: x → y be a relation on N defined by x + 2 y = 8. Then (a) n = 4 (b) n = 13 (c) n = 10 (d) n = 50
the domain of R is  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
(a) {2, 4, 8} (b) {2, 4, 6, 8}
(c) {2, 4, 6} (d) {1, 2, 3, 4} 12. Let S = {x Î R : 2 + 2111 x+1 = 2222 x+2 + 1}. Then Sum of
333 x -2

all elements of S is
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
4. If X = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}, A = {x ∈ N : 30 < x2 < 70}, 111 2
(a) (b) (c) 2 (d) 111
B = {x : x is a prime number less than 10}, then which of 2 111
the following is incorrect?  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
(a) A ∪ B = {2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8}
(b) A ∩ B = {7, 8} 13. Let A = {(x, y) : ax = ay; a > 0 and a ≠ 1; a, x, y ∈ R}
(c) A – B = {6, 8} B = {(x, y); xy = 1; x, y ∈ R0}
(d) A ∆ B = {2, 3, 5, 6, 8} Choose the correct statements amongst the following.
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) (a) A ∩ B = B
5. Let X be the universal set for sets A and B, if n(A) = 200, (b) A ∩ B = A
n(B) = 300 and n(A ∩ B) = 100, then n(A′ ∩ B′) is equal to (c) n(B) > n(A)
300 provided n(X) is equal to (d) A and B are non-comparable
(a) 600 (b) 700 (c) 800 (d) 900  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) 14. Let A1, A2 and A3 be subsets of a set X. Which one of the
following is correct?
6. If two sets A and B are having 80 elements in common, then
the number of elements common to each of the sets A × B (a) A1 ∪ A2 ∪ A3 is the smallest subset of X containing
and B × A are elements of each of A1, A2 and A3.
(a) 280 (b) 802 (c) 81 (d) 79 (b) A1 ∪ A2 ∪ A3 is the smallest subset of X containing
either A1 or (A2 ∪ A3) but not both.
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
(c) The smallest subset of X containing A1 ∪ A2 and A3
7. If A and B be two universal sets and A ∪ B ∪ C = U. Then, equals the smallest subset of X containing both A1, and
((A – B) ∪ (B – C) ∪ (C – A))′ is equal to
A2 ∪ A3 only if A2 = A3.
(a) A ∪ B ∪ C (b) A ∪ (B ∩ C)
(d) A1 ∪ A2 ∪ A3 is the largest subset of X containing
(c) A ∩ B ∩ C (d) A ∩ (B ∪ C)
elements of each of A1, A2 and A3.
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
8. The set (A ∪ B ∪ C) ∩ (A ∩ B′ ∩ C′)′ ∩ C′ is equal to
(a) B ∪ C′ (b) A ∩ C INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS
(c) B′ ∩ C′ (d) None of these
15. Universal set, U = {x : x5 - 6 x 4 + 11x3 - 6 x 2 = 0}
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
9. If there are three athletic teams in a school 21 are in the and A = {x : x 2 - 5 x + 6 = 0}
basketball team,26 in hockey team and 29 in the football 2
team. 14 play hockey and basketball, 15 play hockey and   B = {x : x - 3 x + 2 = 0}

Sets 39
 Then n( A Ç B)¢ is equal to ìï n 3 + 5n 2 + 2 üï
18. If A = ín : is an integer and n itself is an integer ý ,
ïî n ïþ
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
16. If n( A Ç B ) = 5, n( A Ç C ) = 7 and n( A Ç B Ç C ) = 3, then then the number of elements in the set A, is

the minimum possible value of n(B ∩ C) is  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)

19. From 50 students taking examinations in Mathematics,
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) Physics and Chemistry, 37 passed Mathematics, 24 Physics
17. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, then the number of subsets of set A and 43 Chemistry. At most 19 passed Mathematics and
Physics, at most 29 passed Mathematics and Chemistry
containing element 3, is and at most 20 passed Physics and Chemistry. The
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) largest possible number that could have passed all three
examinations is
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)

Parikshit (JEE Advanced Level)

SINGLE CORRECT TYPE QUESTIONS Hockey and 336 played Basketball. Of the total, 64 played
both Basketball and Hockey; 80 played Cricket and Basketball
1. If P = {q : sin q – cos q = 2 cos q} and Q = {q : sin q + and 40 played Cricket and Hockey, 24 played all the three
cos q = 2 sinq} are two sets. Then, games. The number of boys who did not play any game is
(a) P ⊂ Q and Q – P ≠ f (b) Q ⊄ P (a) 128 (b) 216 (c) 240 (d) 160
(c) P ⊄ Q (d) P = Q  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
7. If A = {(x, y) : y = e–x} and B = {(x, y) : y = –x}. Then,
2. If A = {x ∈ c; x2 = l} and B = {x ∈ c; x4 = 1}, then A D B = (a) A ∩ B = f (b) A ⊂ B
(a) {–1,1}; (b) {–i, i}; (c) B ⊂ A (d) A ∩ B = {0, 1}
(c) {–1, 1, i, –i} (d) none  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) 8. Let R be set of points inside a rectangle of sides a and b
3. Let A = {n ∈ N: n is 3-digit number}, B = {9k + 2: k ∈ N} (a, b > l) with two sides along the positive direction of
and C = {9k + l: k ∈ N} for some l(0 < l < 9). If the sum of x-axis and y-axis and C be the set of points inside a unit
all the elements of the set A ∩(B ∪ C) is 274 × 400, then l circle central at origin, then
is equal to (a) R = {(x, y): 0 ≤ x ≤ a, 0 ≤ y ≤ b};
(a) 5 (b) 7 (c) 9 (d) 20 (b) R = {(x, y): 0 < x < a, 0 < y < b};
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) (c) R ∪ C = R;
4. There is a group of 265 person who like either singing or (d) None of these
dancing or painting. In this group, 200 like singing, 110  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
like dancing and 55 like painting. If 60 persons like both 9. For any three sets A1, A2, A3. Let B1 = A1, B2 = A2 – A1 and
singing and dancing, 30 like both singing and painting and B3 = A3 – (A1 ∪ A2), then which of the following statement
10 like all three activities, then the number of person who is always true.
like only dancing and painting (a) A1 ∪ A2 ∪ A3 ⊃ B1 ∪ B2 ∪ B3
(a) 10 (b) 20 (c) 30 (d) 40 (b) A1 ∪ A2 ∪ A3 = B1 ∪ B2 ∪ B3
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) (c) A1 ∪ A2 ∪ A3 ⊂ B1 ∪ B2 ∪ B3
5. In a group of 50 people, two tests were conducted, one (d) None of the above
for diabetes and one for blood pressure. 30 people were  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
diagnosed with diabetes and 40 people were diagnosed 10. If A = {(x, y) : y = e2x, x ∈ R} and B = {(x, y) : y = e–2x, x ∈ R},
with high blood pressure. What is the minimum number of then A ∩ B contains
people who were having diabetes and high blood pressure? (a) No points (b) One point
(a) 0 (b) 10 (c) 20 (d) 30 (c) Two points (d) Three points
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
6. Out of 800 boys in a school, 224 played Cricket, 240 played
40 JEE Prayas Module-1 MATHEMATICS PW
 ì 4 ü 1
11. If A = í( x, y ) : y = ,0 ¹ x Î R ý (c) (d) none of these
î x þ nn
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
and B = {(x, y) : y = x, x > 0, x ∈ R}
(a) A ∩ B = f 18. Set A has 6 elements and its power set has n elements. Let
(b) A ∩ B is singleton set m be sum of distinct cardinal numbers of elements of power
(c) A ∩ B has infinite elements set of A, then the value of n – m is
(d) A ∩ B has two elements (a) 43 (b) 40 (c) 35 (d) 50
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
12. Let A1, A2, ..... Am be m sets such that O(Ai) = p ∀ i = 1, 2, 19. If a, b, g are number of elements in sets A, B and C
..., m and B1, B2, ...., Bn be n sets such that O(Bj) = q ∀ j = 1, respectively and sum of number of all subsets of A, B and C
m n is 28, then maximum number of ordered triplets (a, b, g) is
2, ...., n. If ∪ Ai = ∪ B j = S and each element of S belongs (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 6
i =1 j=1
to exactly a number of Ai’s and b number of Bj’s, where  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
O(Ai) denotes number of elements in Oi, then,
(a) pm = nq (b) apm = bnq MULTIPLE CORRECT TYPE QUESTIONS
(c) bpm = anq (d) (pm)b = (nq)a 20. The number of elements in the set {n ∈ N: 10 ≤ n ≤ 100 and
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) 3n – 3 is a multiple of 7} is k, then k is divisible by
(a) 3 (b) 5 (c) 15 (d) 21
13. In an office, every employee likes at least one of tea, coffee
and milk. The number of employees who like only tea, only  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
coffee, only milk and all the three are all equal. The number 21. Let A = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7}. Define B = {T ⊆ A: either 1 Ï T
of employees who like only tea and coffee, only coffee and or 2 ∈ T} and C = {T ⊆ A: T the sum of all the elements of
milk and only tea and milk are equal and each is equal to T is a prime number.} If the number of elements in the set
the number of employees who like all the three. Then a B ∪ C is a, then sum of digits of a is divisible by
possible value of the number of employees in the office is (a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 8 (d) 9
(a) 65 (b) 90 (c) 77 (d) 85  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) 22. If the difference between the number of subset of two sets
14. Let S = {1, 2, 3, 4}. The total number of unordered pairs of A and B is 120 then correct statement is
disjoint subsets of S is equal to (a) Sum of number of elements of two sets is 10
(a) 25 (b) 34 (c) 42 (d) 41 (b) Difference of number of elements of two sets is 4
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) (c) One of power set of two sets has less than 8 elements
15. An investigator interviewed 100 students to determine (d) Product of cardinalities of two sets is 21
the performance of three drinks milk, coffee and tea. The  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
investigator reported that 10 students take all three drinks 23. If U = R and let A = {x ∈ R: 0 < x < 2}, B = {x ∈ R: 1 < x ≤ 3}
milk, coffee and tea; 20 students take milk and coffee, 30 which of the following is true?
students take coffee and tea, 25 students take milk and tea, (a) A ∩ B = {x ∈ R: 1 < x < 2}
12 students take milk only, 5 students take coffee only and (b) A′ = {x ∈ R: x ≤ 0 or x ≥ 2}
8 students take tea only. Then, the number of students who
(c) A ∪ B = {x ∈ R: 0 ≤ x ≤ 3}
did not take any of the three drinks, is
(d) None of these
(a) 10 (b) 20 (c) 25 (d) 30
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
24. Let S = {(n, b, c)} ∈ N × N × N: a + b + c = 21, a ≤ b ≤ c}
ì p 3p ü and T = {(a, b, c)} ∈ N × N × N: a, b, c are in A.P}, where
16. If A = {q : 2 cos2q + sinq ≤ 2} and B = íq : £ q £ ý then
A ∩ B is equal to î 2 2þ N is the set of all natural numbers. Then find the divisors of
number of elements in the set S ∩ T.
(a) íìq : p £ q £ 5p ýü (b) ì 3p ü
íq : p £ q £ ý (a) 1 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8
î 2 6þ î 2þ
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
(c) íìq : p £ q £ 5p or q £ 3p ýü (d) None of these
î 2 6 2þ
COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTIONS
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
Comprehension (Q. No. 25 to 26):
17. Consider all 2n – 1 non-empty subsets of the set {1, 2, 3,
In a survey of 100 students, the number of students studying the
…., n}. For every such subset, we find the product of the
various languages is found as: English only 18; English but not
reciprocals of each of its elements. Then the sum of all
Hindi 23; English and Sanskrit 8; Sanskrit and Hindi 8; English
these products is
26; Sanskrit 48 and no language 24. Find
(a) n (b) n + 1
Sets 41
 25. How many students are studying Hindi, 3% watched none. What percentage of people watched all
(a) 18 (b) 9 (c) 4 (d) 15 the three movies?
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
26. How many students are studying English and Hindi both. 31. If n(A) = 4 and n(B) = 7, then the difference between
(a) 3 (b) 6 (c) 9 (d) 2 maximum and minimum value of n(A ∪ B) is
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
32. In a survey of 60 people, it was found that 25 people read
MATCH THE COLUMN TYPE QUESTIONS newspaper H, 26 read newspaper T, 26 read newspaper I, 9
read both H and I, 11 read both H and T, 8 read both T and
27. Match the following sets for all sets A, B and C I, and 3 read all the three newspapers. Find the number of
Column-I Column-II people who read at least one of the newspapers.
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
A. ((A′ ∪ B′)′ −A)′ p. A−B
33. Times, Mirror and Sun are three newspapers
B. [B′ ∪ (B′ −A)]′ q. U
(i) All readers of the Times read the Sun
C. (A − B) − (B − C) r. B (ii) Every person either reads the Sun or does not read the
D. (A − B) ∩ (C − B) s. (A ∩ C) − B Mirror.
(iii) 11 people read the Sun but do not read the Mirror
(a) A → p, B → q, C → r, D → s (iv) 8 people read either the Times or the Mirror but not both.
(b) A → q, B → r, C → p, D → s
(v) 10 people read the Sun and either read the Mirror or do
(c) A → q, B → r, C → s, D → p
not read the Times
(d) A → p, B → r, C → q, D → s
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) (vi) 14 people either read the Sun and not the Mirror or read
28.Match the set P in Column-I with its super set Q in both the Sun and Times
Column-II (vii) 9 people neither read the Times nor the Mirror
Find the number of people who read Times and Mirror both
Column-I Column-II
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
A. [32n – 8n – 1 : n ∈ N] p. {49 (n – 1) : n ∈ N} 34. Given that n(U) = 40, n(A) = 28, n(B) = 25, n(A ∩ B) = x
B. {23n – 1 : n ∈ N} q. {64 (n – 1) : n ∈ N} and n(A′ ∩ B′) = y. Find the sum of greatest and least values
of x and y both.
C. {32n – 1 : n ∈ N} r. {7n : n ∈ N}
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
D. {23n – 7n – 1 : n ∈ N} s. {8n : n ∈ N} 35. Let S = {1, 2, 3 ..., 50}. The number of non-empty subsets
(a) A → p, B → q, C → r, D → s A of S such that product of elements in A is even, is
(b) A → q, B → r, C → p, D → s 2m (2n – 1), then the value of (m + n) is equal to ........ .
(c) A → q, B → r, C → s, D → p  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
(d) A → p, B → r, C → q, D → s
36. The maximum number of sets obtainable from A and B
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) applying union and difference operation is ........ .
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS 37. In a factory 70% of the workers like oranges and 64%
29. In a class of 80 students numbered 1 to 80, all odd numbered like apples. If x% like both oranges and apples, then the
students opt of Cricket, students whose numbers are minimum value of x is ........ .
divisible by 5 opt for Football and those whose numbers are  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
divisible by 7 opt for Hockey. If the number of students who
38. Suppose A1, A2, …, A6 are six sets each with 4 elements
do not opt any of the three games is n, then n is equal to
4 and B1, B2, …, Bn are n sets each two elements such that
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) A1 ∪ A2 ∪…∪ A6 = B1 ∪ B2 ∪…∪ Bn = S (say). Given
30. A survey shows that 61%, 46% and 29% of the people that each element of S belongs to exactly 4 of the Ai's and
watched “3 idiots”, “Rajneeti” and “Avatar” respectively. exactly 3 of the Bj's then find the value of n.
25% people watched exactly two of the three movies and  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)

42 JEE Prayas Module-1 MATHEMATICS PW

 PYQ's (Past Year Questions)

1. Let A and B be two finite sets with m and n elements  [04 April, 2024 (Shift-I)]
respectively. The total number of subsets of the set A is 56  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
more than the total number of subsets of B. Then the distance 8. If S = {a ∈ R : | 2a – 1| = 3[a] + 2{a}] where [t] denotes the
of the point P(m, n) from the point Q(–2, –3) is greatest integer less than or equal to t and {t} represents the
 [27 Jan, 2024 (Shift-II)] fractional part of t, then 72 å a is equal to _________.
aÎs

(a) 10 (b) 6 (c) 4 (d) 8  [05 April, 2024 (Shift-I)]

 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
9. Let the set S = {2, 4,8,16,¼.,512} be partitioned into 3 sets A,
2. Let the set C = {( x, y ) | x 2 - 2 y = 2023, x, y Î N }. Then
B, C with equal number of elements such that A È B È C = S
å ( x + y) is equal to
( x , y )ÎC
[29 Jan, 2024 (Shift-II)] and A Ç B = B Ç C = A Ç C = f . The maximum number of
such possible partitions of S is equal to :
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)  [05 April, 2024 (Shift-II)]
3. A group of 40 students appeared in an examination (a) 1680 (b) 1520 (c) 1710 (d) 1640
of 3 subjects - Mathematics, Physics & Chemistry.  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
It was found that all students passed in at least one of the 10. Let A = {n ∈ [100, 700] ∩ N : n is neither a multiple of 3
subjects, 20 students passed in Mathematics, 25 students nor a multiple of 4}. Then the number of elements in A is
passed in Physics, 16 students passed in Chemistry, at most  [06 April, 2024 (Shift-I)]
11 students passed in both Mathematics and Physics, at most (a) 300 (b) 280 (c) 310 (d) 290
15 students passed in both Physics and Chemistry, at most  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
15 students passed in both Mathematics and Chemistry.
The maximum number of students passed in all the three 11. If the set R = {(a, b ); a + 5 b = 42, a, b Î} has m elements
subjects is [30 Jan, 2024 (Shift-I)]
and å mn =1(1 + i n! ) = x + iy , where I = -1 , then the value of
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
m + x + y s: [08 April, 2024 (Shift-I)]
4. Let S be the set of positive integral values of a for which
(a) 8 (b) 12 (c) 4 (d) 5
ax 2 + 2(a + 1) x + 9a + 4
< 0, "x Î R .  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
x 2 - 8 x + 32
12. An organization awarded 48 medals in event ‘A’, 25 in
Then, the number of elements in S is: event ‘B’ and 18 in event ‘C’. If these medals went to
 [31 Jan, 2024 (Shift-I)] total 60 men and only five men got medals in all the three
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) ∞ (d) 3 events, then, how many received medals in exactly two of
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) three events? [11 April, 2023 (Shift-I)]
(a) 10 (b) 9 (c) 21 (d) 15
{ }
5. Let S = x Î R : ( 3 + 2) x + ( 3 - 2) x = 10 . Then the  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
number of elements in S is: [01 Feb, 2024 (Shift-I)] 13. The number of elements in the set {n ∈ N : 10 ≤ n ≤
(a) 4 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d) 1 100 and 3n – 3 is a multiple of 7} is _______.
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)  [15 April, 2023 (Shift-I)]
6. The number of elements in the set S = {(x, y, z) : x, y,  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
z ∈ Z, x + 2y + 3z = 42, x, y, z ≥ 0} equals __________.
 [01 Feb, 2024 (Shift-I)] {
14. The number of elements in the set n Î Z : n 2 - 10n + 19 < 6 }
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) is _________. [10 April, 2023 (Shift-I)]
7. In a survey of 220 students of a higher secondary school, it  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
was found that at least 125 and at most 130 students studied ì | x + 3 | -1 ü
Mathematics; at least 85 and at most 95 studied Physics; at 15. Let S = í x Î [-6, 3] - {-2, 2} : ³ 0 ý and
î | x | - 2 þ
least 75 and at most 90 studied Chemistry; 30 studied both
Physics and Chemistry; 50 studied both Chemistry and T = {x ∈ Z : x2 – 7 |x| + 9 ≤ 0}. Then the number of elements
Mathematics; 40 studied both Mathematics and Physics and of S ∩ T is [28 July, 2022 (Shift-II)]
10 studied none of these subjects. Let m and n respectively (a) 7 (b) 5 (c) 4 (d) 3
be the least and the most number of students who studied  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
all the three subjects. Then m + n is equal to _______
16. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}. Define B = {T ⊆ A : either 1∉ T

Sets 43
 or 2 ∈ T} and C = {T ⊆ A : T is the sum of all the elements
of T is a prime number}. Then the number of elements in
the set B ∪ C is _______ [25 July, 2022 (Shift-II)]
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
17. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} and B = {3, 6, 7, 9}. Then P Q R
the number of elements in the set {C ⊆ A : C ∩ B ≠ f} (a) Q and R (b) None of these
is __________ [26 July, 2022 (Shift-II)] (c) P and R (d) P and Q
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
18. The sum of all the elements of the set {a ∈ {1, 2, ..., 100} : 26. Let S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9}. Then the number of elements in
HCF (a, 24) = 1} is [24 June, 2022 (Shift-II)] the set T = {A ⊆ S : A ≠ f and the sum of all the elements of
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) A is not a multiple of 3} is [27 Aug, 2021 (Shift-II)]
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
19. Let A = {n ∈ N : H.C.F. (n, 45) = 1} and Let B = {2k : k
∈ {1, 2, ...., 100}}. Then the sum of all the elements of 27. The number of elements in the set
A ∩ B is_______. [26 June, 2022 (Shift-I)] {
n Î {1, 2,3, ¼.100}| (11) n > (10) n + (9) n } is ______
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)  [22 July, 2021 (Shift-II)]
20. Let S = {4 ,6, 9} and T = {9, 10, 11, ..., 1000}.  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
If A = {a1 + a2 + ... + ak : k ∈ N, a1, a2, a3, ..., ak ∈ S}, then 28. Let A = {n ∈N:n is a 3-digit number} B = {9k + 2 : k Î N }
the sum of all the elements in the set T – A is equal to
 [29 July, 2022 (Shift-I)] and C = {9k +: k Î N }for some (0 << 9) . If the sum
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) of all the elements of the set A Ç (B È C ) is 274 ´ 400 ,
21. Let S = {(x, y )Î N ´ N : 9( x - 3) 2 2
+ 16( y - 4) £ 144 and} then  is equal to___________. [24 Feb, 2021 (Shift-I)]
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
T= {(x, y )Î R ´ R : ( x - 7) 2
}
+ ( y - 4) 2 £ 36 .
29. Let A ={n ∈ N|n2 ≤ n + 10,000}, B = {3k + l|k ∈ N} and
Then n( S Ç T ) is equal to [29 July, 2022 (Shift-II)] C = {2k | k∈N}, then the sum of all the elements of the set
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) A ∩ (B – C) is equal to ____. [27 July, 2021 (Shift-II)]
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
22. If A = {x ∈ R; |x – 2| > 1}, B = {x Î R : }
x2 - 3 > 1 , 30. A survey shows that 73% of the persons working in an
C = {x ∈ R; |x – 4| ≥ 2} and Z is the set of all integers, then office like coffee, whereas 65% like tea. If x denotes the
the number of subsets of the set (A ∩ B ∩ C)C ∩ Z is _____. percentage of them, who like both coffee and tea, then x
 [27 Aug, 2021 (Shift-I)] cannot be: [5 Sep, 2020 (Shift-I)]
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) (a) 63 (b) 36 (c) 38 (d) 54
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
23. The number of elements in the set {x ∈ R : (|x| – 3) |x + 4|
31. If A = {x ∈ R:|x| < 2} and B = {x ∈ R : |x – 2| ≥ 3}: then:
= 6} is equal to [16 March, 2021 (Shift-I)]
[9 Jan, 2020 (Shift-II)]
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 1
(a) B – A = R –(–2, 5) (b) A ∩ B = (–2, –1)
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
(c) A – B = [–1, 2) (d) A ∪ B = R –(2, 5)
24. Out of all the patients in a hospital 89% are found to be  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
suffering from heart ailment and 98% are suffering from lungs
infection. If K% of them are suffering from both ailments, 50 n

then K can not belong to the set: [26 Aug, 2021 (Shift-I)] 32. Let ∪ X i = ∪ Yi = T where each Xi contains 10 elements
i =1 i =1
(a) {80, 83, 86, 89} (b) {84, 87, 90, 93}
and each Yi contains 5 elements. If each element of the set
(c) {84, 86, 88, 90} (d) {79, 81, 83, 85} T is an element of exactly 20 of sets Xi′s and exactly 6 of
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) sets Yi′s, then n is equal to [4 Sep, 2020 (Shift-II)]
25. In a school, there are three types of games to be played. (a) 50 (b) 15 (c) 30 (d) 45
Some of the students play two types of games, but none  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
play all the three games. Which Venn diagrams can justify 33. A survey shows that 63% of the people in a city read
the above statement? [17 March, 2021 (Shift-I)] newspaper A whereas 76% read newspaper B. If x% of the
people read both the newspapers, then a possible value of x
can be: [4 Sep, 2020 (Shift-I)]
(a) 37 (b) 55 (c) 29 (d) 65

44 JEE Prayas Module-1 MATHEMATICS PW

 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) 37. Let A, B and C be sets such that φ ≠ Α ∩ Β ⊆ C. Then which
34. Set A has m elements and Set B has n elements. If the total of the following statements is not true?
number of subsets of A is 112 more than total number of  [12 April, 2019 (Shift-II)]
subsets of B, then the value of m · n is ________. (a) If ( A - C ) Í B then A Í B
 [6 Sep, 2020 (Shift-I)] (b) (C È A) Ç (C È B) = C
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
(c) If ( A - B) Í C , then A Í C
35. Let X = {n ∈ N : 1 ≤ n ≤ 50}. If A = {n ∈ X: n is a multiple
(d) B Ç C ¹ f
of 2}; B = {n ∈ X: n is a multiple of 7}, then the number of
elements in the smallest subset of X containing both A and  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
B is . [7 Jan, 2020 (Shift-II)] 38. Let Z be the set of integers. If A = {X ∈ Z : 2(x+2)(x2–5x+6) =1}
and B ={x ∈ Z: –3 < 2x – 1 < 9}, then the number of subsets
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
of the set A × B, is: [12 Jan, 2019 (Shift-II)]
36. In a class of 140 students numbered 1 to 140, all even (a) 215 (b) 218 (c) 212 (d) 210
numbered students opted Mathematics course, those whose  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
number is divisible by 3 opted Physics course and those 39. Let S = {1, 2, 3, ......, 100}. The number of non-empty
whose number is divisible by 5 opted Chemistry course. subsets A of S such that the product of elements in A is
Then the number of students who did not opt for any of the even is: [12 Jan, 2019 (Shift-I)]
three courses is: [10 Jan, 2019 (Shift-I)] 100
(a) 2 – 1 (b) 2 (250 – 1)
50
(a) 102 (b) 42 (c) 1 (d) 38 (c) 250 – 1 (d) 250 + 1
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)

PW Challengers
1. Let X be a set of 56 elements. Find the least positive integer some positive integers a1< a3 < b1≤ b3 < b2 < a2 < b4 < a4
n such that for any 15 subsets of X, if the union of every 7
sets of these subsets contains at least n elements, then there Then
(a32 + a 4 )- (a12 + a 2 ) =
exist 3 of the 15 subsets whose intersection is nonempty. (b2 - b1 )(b4 - b3 )
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) 6 8 7 4
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2. Let n be a positive integer such that 1 ≤ n ≤ 1000. Let Mn be 7 7 6 7
the number of integers in the set  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
Xn = { 4n + 1, }
4n + 2, ......, 4n + 1000 . Let a = max{Mn :
5. If A1 × A2 × A3 × A4
1 ≤ n ≤ 1000}, and b = min{Mn : 1 ≤ n ≤ 1000}. Find a – b. = {(1, 1, 1, 1), (2, 4, 8, 16), (3, 9, 27, 81), …}
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1) and ∀ai ∈ A |, ∀bi ∈ A2, ∀ci ∈ A3, ∀di ∈ A4

{a } and
2025 10 10
3. Consider a set S = 1 , a22025 , a32025 , ....., an2025 Define a = 7å ai ; b = 2å bi
i =1 i =1
Say Si denote the subsets of S ∀i, then, the total number of
10 10
unordered pairs of dispoint subset S is equal to, (where ai’s
h = 8å ci ; d = å di
are distinct ∀i = 1, …, n) i =1 i =1
3n + 1 3n +1 Then, a + b + η – d =
(a) (b)
2 2
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
3n - 1 3n -1
(c) + 2025 (d) 6. A, B, C be three sets such that n(A) = 2, n(B) = 3, n(C) = 4.
2 2
If P(X) denotes power set of X,
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
n(P(P(C)))
K= . Sum of digits of K is____.
4. Consider the set X1, X2, X3 such that X2, X3, ⊆ X1, and X1 n(P(P(A))) × n(P(P(B)))
contain 6626 elements, n(X2 ∪ X3) = 793.  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
If n (X 2¢ Ç X 3¢ ) = a13 + a23 + a33 + a43 = b13 + b23 + b33 + b43 for
Sets 45
 7. Let U be set with number of elements in it is 2009. A is  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
a subset of U with n(A) = 1681 and out of these 1681 10. Consider the set X, such that
elements, exactly 1075 elements belong to a subset B of X=
U. If n(A – B) = m2 + p1 p2 p3 for some positiveìinteger(n 2 )! ((n !) 2 + 2026n !) + (n !) n +1 (14n5 + 30n 4 + 10n3 + 123n 2 + 36n + 24)(n !+ 202
ï
m and distinct primes p1 < p2 < p3 then for leastí xm: find
x=
p1 p3 ï
î ((n !)2 + 2026n !)(n !)n+1
7 .
p2 Then the number of elements in set A = ?
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
11. Find the maximum number of pair wise disjoint sets of the
8. Consider A1, A2, ...., A2025 be 2025 sets, such that A1 ⊂ A2 form S(a, b) = {n2 + an + b: n ∈ Z} with a, b ∈ Z.
⊂ A3,.... ⊂ A2025, then choose the correct statement from
following:  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
2025
12. Let S = {1,2,3....n} and f(n) be the number of those subsets
(a) If n(Ai) = i + 1, then ∪ Ai contains 2026 elements
i =1 of S which do not contain consecutive elements of S then
2025 (a) f (n) = n(n - 1)(n - 2) (b) f(n) = 2f(n–1)
(b) If n(Ai) = i + 1, then ∪ Ai contains 2025 elements 6
i =1 (c) f(n) = f(n–1) + f(n–2) (d) f4 = 8
2025
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
(c) If n(Ai) = i + 2, and ∪ Ai = A then n(A) = 5!
i =3
13. Let a1, a2, a3, .... a23 be 23 integers (not necessarily distinct).
2025 Then, the prime number which always divides the sum of
(d) If n(Ai) = i + 2, and ∪ Ai = A then n(A) = 6! elements of atleast one subset of these numbers can be
i =3
(a) 23 (b) 29 (c) 31 (d) 37
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)  (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
9. A = {x : x ∈ N, G.C.D. (x, 36) = 1, x < 36}, B = {y : y ∈ N, 14. If the collection of all these three elements subsets drawn
G.C.D. (y, 40) = 1, y < 40}; (G.C.D. stands for greatest from the set {1, 2, 3,…, 300}. Find the number of these
common divisors) subsets for which the sum of the three elements is a multiple
of 3.
Column-I Column-II
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
A. n(A ∩ B) p. 10 15. How many 3-element subset of the set {1, 2, 3,…, 20} are
B. C = {x : x ∈ A ∪ B, x is q. 9 there such that the product of the three number in the subset
prime }, n(C)= is divided by 4?
 (Prayas JEE Mathematics M-1)
C. n(A Δ B) r. 21
D. n((A – B) × (B – A)) s. 11

“SCENT RELAXATION” DURING

STUDY

™ Use calming scents like lavender, eucalyptus, or

chamomile while studying or before bed. These scents can
help reduce anxiety and promote relaxation.
™ Scents are linked to emotions and can help create a
peaceful atmosphere conducive to relaxation.
™ Light a lavender-scented candle or use a diffuser in your
study space to create a calming environment while you
prepare for exams.

46 JEE Prayas Module-1 MATHEMATICS PW

 ANSWER KEY
26) üï
,xÎZý
CONCEPT
ïþ
APPLICATION
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (d) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (d) 9. (c)
10. (b) 11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (a) 14. (c) 15. P → A Ç B , Q → A Ç B , R → B Ç A and S → A Ç B
16. (iii) 4,54

PRARAMBH (TOPICWISE)
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (b)
11. (b) 12. (d) 13. (d) 14. (c) 15. (d) 16. (b) 17. (b) 18. (b) 19. (b) 20. (c)
21. (c) 22. (a) 23. (b) 24. (b) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (a) 28. (b)

PRABAL (JEE MAIN LEVEL)

1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (b) 10. (d)
11. (c) 12. (b) 13. (d) 14. (d) 15. [3] 16. [3] 17. [8] 18. [4] 19. [14]

PARIKSHIT (JEE ADVANCED LEVEL)

1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (c) 6. (d) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (b)
11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (c) 14. (d) 15. (b) 16. (d) 17. (a) 18. (a) 19. (d) 20. (a,b,c)
21. (a,b,c) 22. (a,b,d) 23. (a,b) 24. (a,c) 25. (a) 26. (a) 27. (b) 28. (c) 29. [7] 30. [7]
31. [4] 32. [52] 33. [3] 34. [50] 35. [50] 36. [8] 37. [34] 38. [9]

PYQ’s (PAST YEAR QUESTIONS)

1. (a) 2. [46] 3. [10] 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. [169] 7. [45] 8. [18] 9. (a) 10. (a)
11. (b) 12. (c) 13. [15] 14. [6] 15. (d) 16. [107] 17. [112] 18. [1633] 19. [5264] 20. [11]
21. [27] 22. [256] 23. (b) 24. (d) 25. (b) 26. [80] 27. [96] 28. [5] 29. [832] 30. (b)
31. (a) 32. (c) 33. (b) 34. [28] 35. [29] 36. (d) 37. (a) 38. (a) 39. (b)

PW CHALLENGERS
1. [41] 2. [22] 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. [22] 6. [7] 7. [86] 8. (a)
9. A → q, B → s, C → p, D → r 10. [3] 11. [2] 12. (c,d) 13. (a) 14. [1495100] 15. [795]

Sets 47