UNIT- 4

ARDUNIO PLATFORM BOARDS ANATOMY

Arduino is an easy-to-use open platform to create electronics projects. Arduino boards play a vital role in
creating different projects. It makes electronics accessible to non-engineers, hobbyists, etc.The various
components present on the Arduino boards are Microcontroller, Digital Input/output pins, USB Interface
and Connector, Analog Pins, Reset Button, Power button, LED's, Crystal Oscillator, and Voltage
Regulator. Some components may differ depending on the type of board.The most standard and popular board
used over time is Arduino UNO. The ATmega328 Microcontroller present on the UNO board makes it rather
powerful than other boards. There are various types of Arduino boards used for different purposes and projects.
The Arduino Boards are organized using the Arduino (IDE), which can run on various platforms. Here, IDE
stands for Integrated Development Environment. Types of Arduino Boards are:

 Arduino UNO
Arduino UNO is based on an ATmega328P microcontroller. It is easy to use compared to other boards, such as
the Arduino Mega board, etc. The Arduino UNO includes 6 analog pin inputs, 14 digital pins, a USB connector,
a power jack, and an ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) header.It is the most used and of standard form from
the list of all available Arduino Boards. It is also recommended for beginners as it is easy to use.

 Arduino Nano
The Arduino Nano is a small Arduino board based on ATmega328P or ATmega628 Microcontroller. The
connectivity is the same as the Arduino UNO board.The Nano board is defined as a sustainable, small,
consistent, and flexible microcontroller board. It is small in size compared to the UNO board. The devices
required to start our projects using the Arduino Nano board are Arduino IDE and mini USB.The Arduino
Nano includes an I/O pin set of 14 digital pins and 8 analog pins. It also includes 6 Power pins and 2 Reset pins.

 Arduino Mega
The Arduino Mega is based on ATmega2560 Microcontroller. The ATmega2560 is an 8-bit microcontroller. We
need a simple USB cable to connect to the computer and the AC to DC adapter or battery to get started with it. It
has the advantage of working with more memory space.The Arduino Mega includes 54 I/O digital pins and 16
Analog Input/Output (I/O), ICSP header, a reset button, 4 UART (Universal Asynchronous
Reciever/Transmitter) ports, USB connection, and a power jack.

 Arduino Mega
The Arduino Mega is based on ATmega2560 Microcontroller. The ATmega2560 is an 8-bit microcontroller. We
need a simple USB cable to connect to the computer and the AC to DC adapter or battery to get started with it. It
has the advantage of working with more memory space.The Arduino Mega includes 54 I/O digital pins and 16
Analog Input/Output (I/O), ICSP header, a reset button, 4 UART (Universal Asynchronous
Reciever/Transmitter) ports, USB connection, and a power jack.

 Arduino Leonardo
The basic specification of the Arduino Leonardo is the same as the Arduino Micro. It is also based on
ATmega32U4 Microcontroller. The components present on the board are 20 analog and digital pins, reset
button, 16MHz crystal oscillator, ICSP header, and a micro USB connection.

 Arduino Due
The Arduino Due is based on the 32- bit ARM core. It is the first Arduino board that has developed based
on the ARM Microcontroller. It consists of 54 Digital Input/Output pins and 12 Analog pins. The
Microcontroller present on the board is the Atmel SAM3X8E ARM Cortex-M3 CPU.It has two ports,
namely, native USB port and Programming port. The micro side of the USB cable should be attached to the
programming port.
 Arduino Shields
The Arduino shields are the boards, which can be plugged on the top of the PCB. The shields further extend
the potential of the PCB's. The production of shields is cheap. It is also easy to use. There are various types
of Arduino shields that can be used for different purposes. For example, the Xbee shield.

 Arduino Lilypad
The Arduino LilyPad was initially created for wearable projects and e-textiles. It is based on the
ATmega168 Microcontroller. The functionality of Lilypad is the same as other Arduino Boards. It is a
round, light-weight board with a minimal number of components to keep the size of board small.The
Arduino Lilypad board was designed by Sparkfun and Leah. It was developed by Leah Buechley. It has 9
digital I/O pins.

 Arduino Bluetooth
The Arduino Bluetooth board is based on ATmega168 Microcontroller. It is also named as Arduino BT
board. The components present on the board are 16 digital pins, 6 analog pins, reset button, 16MHz crystal
oscillator, ICSP header, and screw terminals. The screw terminals are used for power.The Arduino
Bluetooth Microcontroller board can be programmed over the Bluetooth as a wireless connection.

 Arduino Diecimila
The Arduino Diecimila is also based on ATmeg628 Microcontroller. The board consists of 6 analog pin
inputs, 14 digital Input/Output pins, a USB connector, a power jack, an ICSP (In-Circuit Serial
Programming) header, and a reset button.

 Arduino Robot
The Arduino Robot is called as the tiny computer. It is widely used in robotics. The board comprises of the
speaker, five-button, color screen, two motors, an SD card reader, a digital compass, two potentiometers,
and five floor sensors.

 Arduino Ethernet
The Arduino Ethernet is based on the ATmega328 Microcontroller. The board consists of 6 analog pins, 14
digital I/O pins, crystal oscillator, reset button, ICSP header, a power jack, and an RJ45 connection.

 Arduino Zero
The Arduino Zero is generally called as the 32-bit extension of the Arduino UNO. It is based on ATmel's
SAM21 MCU. The board consists of 6 analog pin inputs, 14 digital Input/Output pins, a USB connector, a
power jack, and an ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) header, UART port pins, a power header, and
AREF button.

 Arduino Esplora
The Arduino Esplora boards allow easy interfacing of sensors and actuators. The outputs and inputs
connected on the Esplora board make it unique from other types of Arduino boards. The board includes
outputs, inputs, a small microcontroller, a microphone, a sensor, a joystick, an accelerometer, a temperature
sensor, four buttons, and a slider.

 Arduino Pro Micro