RAVI KANT CLASSES

TEST OF MATHS
MATHS
Class : X

Roll No. : Time - 1 HR 15 MINS

Date : 20/10/2023 MM - 51

1. Students of a class are made to stand in rows. If 4 students are extra in a row, there would be 3
two rows less. If 4 students are less in a row, there would be four more rows. Find the number of
students in the class.

Ans : Let number of students in a row be x and number of rows be y.

Total number of students = x . y
From condition 1 :
(x + 4) (y – 2) = xy
xy – 2x + 4y – 8 = xy – 2x + 4y = 8 ...(i)
From condition 2 :
(x – 4) (y + 4) = xy xy + 4x – 4y – 16 = xy
4x – 4y = 16 ...(ii)
Adding (i) and (ii), we get
2x = 24 x = 12
Substituting in (i), we get y = 8.
Total number of students = xy = 12 × 8 = 96.

2. The sum of a two digit number and the number formed by reversing the order of digits is 154. If 3
the two digits differ by 4, find the number.

Ans : Let digit at unit place be x and digit at ten’s place be y

Number = 10y + x
A.T.Q., (10y + x) + (10x + y) = 154
11x + 11y = 154 x + y = 14 ...(i)
and x – y = ± 4 x – y = 4 ...(ii)
or x – y = –4 ...(iii)
Solving (i) and (ii), we get
x = 9, y = 5
Number = 59
and solving (i) and (iii), we get
x = 5, y = 9
Number = 95

3. Solve for x : ; a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0, x ≠ 0 3
Ans :

x(a + b + x) = – ab ⇒ x2 + (a + b)x + ab = 0
(x + a) (x + b) = 0 x = – a, x = – b

4. Seven years ago Varun’s age was five times the square of Swati’s age. Three years hence Swati’s 3
age will be two-fifth of Varun’s age. Find their present ages.

Ans : Let Varun’s present age be x years and Swati’s present age be y years.
Case – I: 7 years ago
Varun’s age was (x – 7) years and Swati’s age was (y – 7) years
ATQ (x – 7) = 5 (y – 7)2 x = 5 (y – 7)2 + 7 ... (i)
Case – II: 3 years hence
Varun’s age will be (x + 3) years and Swati’s age will be (y + 3) years
A.T.Q. y + 3 = (x + 3)

y+3= [(5 (y – 7)2 + 7) + 3] [Using eq. (i)]

y+3= × 5(y – 7)2 + × 10 y + 3 = 2 (y2 – 14y + 49) + 4

y + 3 = 2y2 – 28y + 98 + 4 2y2 – 29y + 99 = 0
2y2 – 18y – 11y + 99 = 0 2y (y – 9) – 11 (y – 9) = 0
(y – 9) (2y – 11) = 0 y = 9, y = (rejecting)
y = 9 x = 5 (9 – 7)2 + 7 [From (i)]
x = 27
Present age of Swati = 9 years and Varun = 27 years.

5. The difference of two numbers is 5 and the difference of their reciprocals is . Find the 3

numbers.

Ans : Let one number be x then other number be x + 5

Also

x(x + 5) = 50
x2 + 5x – 50 = 0
(x + 10) (x – 5) = 0
x = – 10, x = 5
When x = –10, then other number = – 10 + 5 = – 5
When x = 5, then other number = 5 + 5 = 10
Hence, numbers are –10, –5 or 5, 10.

6. A plane left 30 minutes late than its scheduled time and in order to reach the destination 1500 3
km away in time, it had to increase its speed by 100 km/h from the usual speed. Find its usual
speed. [CBSE 2018]
Ans : Let the speed be x km/h to cover a distance of 1500 km

7. In figure, a triangle ABC is drawn to circumscribe a circle of radius 3 cm, such that the segments 3
BD and DC are respectively of lengths 6 cm and 9 cm. If the area of ABC is 54 cm2, then find the
lengths of sides AB and AC.
Ans : Let AF = x cm
AF = AE = x [tangents from A]
Also BD = BF = 6 cm and CD = CE = 9 cm
AB = (6 + x) cm and AC = (9 + x) cm
Area ABC = Area BOC + Area COA + Area AOB
54 = BC × OD + AC × OE + AB × OF
54 × 2 = 15 × 3 + (6 + x) × 3 + (9 + x) × 3
108 = 45 + 18 + 3x + 27 + 3x
6x = 18 x=3
AB = 6 + x = 6 + 3 = 9 cm and AC = 9 + x = 9 + 3 = 12
cm

8. Solve the following system of linear equations graphically: 3x + y – 12 = 0; x – 3y + 6 = 0 4

Shade the region bounded by the lines and x-axis. Also, find the area of shaded region.

Ans : Table for 3x + y – 12 = 0

x 0 4 2
y 12 0 6

Table for x – 3y + 6 = 0

x –6 0 –3
y 0 2 1

ΔABC is the region bounded by the lines

and x-axis.
Area ΔABC = BC × AD = × 10 × 3 = 15
sq. units

9. 4
Solve the following for x :

Ans :

4x2 + 2bx + 4ax = –2ab

4x2 + 2bx + 4ax + 2ab = 0 2x(2x + b) + 2a(2x + b) = 0

(2x + b) (2x + 2a) = 0 x=– or x = – a
10. The length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is one unit more than twice the length of the 4
shortest side and the other side is one unit less than twice the length of the shortest side. Find the
lengths of the other two sides.

Ans : Let shortest side be x units

Hypotenuse = (2x + 1) units and other side = (2x – 1) units
Using Pythagoras theorem, we get
(2x + 1)2 = x2 + (2x – 1)2
4x2 + 4x + 1 = x2 + 4x2 – 4x + 1
x2 – 8x = 0 x(x – 8) = 0
x = 8 or x = 0 but x ≠ 0.
When x = 8, hypotenuse = 2 × 8 + 1 = 17 and other side = 2 × 8 – 1 = 15
Sides of right-angled triangle are 8 units, 17 units and 15 units.

11. In figure, the sides AB, BC and CA of triangle ABC touch a circle withcentre O and radius r at P, Q 4
and R respectively.
Prove that
(i) AB + CQ = AC + BQ
(ii) Area ( ABC) = (perimeter of ABC) × r

Ans : (i) AP = AR [Tangents from A] ...(i)

Similarly, BP = BQ ...(ii)
CR = CQ ...(iii)
Now,
AP = AR
(AB – BP) = (AC – CR)
AB + CR = AC + BP
AB + CQ = AC + BQ [Using eq. (ii) and (iii)]
(ii) Let AB = x, BC = y, AC = z
Perimeter of ABC = x + y + z ...(iv)
Area of ABC = [area of AOB + area of BOC + area of
AOC]
Area of ABC = AB × OP + × BC × OQ + × AC × OR

Area of ABC = x×r+ y×r+ z×r

Area of ABC = (x + y + z) × r

Area of ABC = (Perimeter of ABC) × r [Using (iv)]

12. In figure, PQ is a chord of length 16 cm, of a circle of radius 10 cm. The tangents at P and Q 4
intersect at a point T. Find the length of TP.

Ans :

Given: PQ is chord of length 16 cm, TP and TQ are the tangents to a circle with centre O,
radius 10 cm.
To find: TP.
Solution: Join OP and OQ.
In triangles OTP and OTQ, OT is common
OP = OQ (radii)
TP = TQ [length of the tangents drawn from a point outside the circle to the circle are
equal]
OPT OQT (SSS cong. rule)
POT = QOT ...(i)
Consider, triangles OPR and OQR;
OP = OQ (radii); OR is common
POR = QOR [from (i)]
OPR OQR (SAS cong. rule)
PR = RQ = × 16 = 8 cm ...(ii)
ORP = ORQ = 90° ...(iii)
In right angled triangle TRP,
TR2 = TP2 – (8)2 = TP2 – 64 [from (iii)] ...(iv)]
Also OT2 = TP2 + (10)2
(TR + 6)2 = TP2 + 100 [ OR = = 6]
TR2 + 12TR + 36 = TP2 + 100
TP2 – 64 + 12TR + 36 = TP2 + 100
12TR = 128 TR = cm

From (iv) = TP2 – 64

TP2 =

TP = cm.

13. In figure, O is the centre of the circle and TP is the tangent to the circle from an external point T. 4
If PBT = 30°, prove that BA : AT = 2 : 1.
Ans :

BPA = 90° (Angle in semicircle)

In BPA,
ABP + BPA + PAB = 180°
30° + 90° + PAB = 180°
PAB = 60°
Also POA = 2 PBA
POA = 2 × 30° = 60°
OP = AP (sides opposite to equal angles) ...(i)
In OPT, OPT = 90°
POT = 60° and PTO = 30° [angle sum property of a ]
Also APT + ATP = PAO (exterior angle property)
APT + 30° = 60°
APT = 30°
AP = AT (sides opposite to equal angles) ... (ii)
From (i) and (ii) AT = OP = radius of the circle;
and AB = 2r
AB = 2AT =2
AB : AT = 2 : 1

14. In figure, CP and CQ are tangents to a circle with centre O. ARB is another tangent touching the 2
circle at R. If CP = 11 cm, and BC = 7 cm, then find the length of BR.
Ans : Since CP = CQ = 11cm [Length of the two tangents from same external point]
CQ = CB + BQ
But BQ = BR
Therefore, 11 = 7 + BR BR = 4 cm

15. In figure, XP and XQ are two tangents to a circle with centre O from a point X outside the circle. 2
ARB is tangent to circle at R. Prove that XA + AR = XB + BR.

Ans : Given: XP, XQ and ARB are three tangents.

To prove: XA + AR = XB + BR
Proof: AP = AR ... (i)
and BQ = BR ... (ii)
Also XQ = XP [Tangents drawn from an external point]
XA + AP = XB + BQ
XA + AR = XB + BR [From (i) and (ii)]

16. In figure, common tangents AB and CD to the two circles with centres O1 and O2 intersect at E. 2
Prove that AB = CD.

Ans : AB and CD are common tangents to the two given circles with centres O1 and O2.
We know that the lengths of the tangents drawn from a point outside the circle to the
circle are equal in length.
AE = EC and EB = ED
AE + EB = CE + ED
AB = CD.