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CSS 9 LAS 5 WEEK 5 setting up computer network 2
Computer Architecture (Laona High)
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G-9
Technology and Livelihood Education
COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING
Quarter 4, LAS 5:
SETTING UP COMPUTER NETWORKS
Learning Outcome:
PERFORM COPPER SPLICING/MAKE A LAN CABLE
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Technology and Livelihood Education – Computer Systems Servicing; Grade 9, Quarter
4 – LAS 5: SETTING UP COMPUTER NETWORKS
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks,
etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been
exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright
owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Development Team of the Module
Writer : MAILENE M. SALES
Editor : GUIA C. MAÑAGO
Reviewer : DR. NIXON S. OLFINDO, EPS-EPP/TLE/TVL
Illustrator : MAILENE M. SALES
Layout Artist: MAILENE M. SALES
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LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET 5
Name of Student: __________________________________________________________
Learning Area – Grade Level: _______________________________________________
Date: _____________________________________________________________________
I. INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT
Computer networking refers to connected computing devices such as laptops, desktops,
smartphones and other devices that communicate with one another. These devices are
connected through wired or wireless network. Wired network, also called Ethernet network, is
the most common type of local area network. It uses cables to connect computers and other
networking devices. There are three types of network cables used in computer networking: the
coaxial cable; twisted pair cable and fiber-optic cable. Among these cable the most commonly
used is the twisted pair. In this learning activity sheet, you will learn how to make an Ethernet
cable based on Electronic Industries Alliance/Telecommunications Industry Association
(EIA/TIA) standards using Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cable.
II. LEARNING SKILLS FROM THE MELCs/CURRICULUM GUIDE
Perform copper cable splicing based on Electronic Industries Alliance/
Telecommunications Industry Association (EIA/TIA) standards.
III. ACTIVITIES
Pre-test
Direction: Identify what is being described in each sentence. Choose the correct answer from
the pool of words. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Straight-Through Ethernet Cable UTP Cable Crimping Tool
Cross-Over Ethernet Cable Wire Stripper Lan Cable Tester
_________ 1. It is an 8-pin standardized physical network interface for connecting
telecommunications or data equipment.
_________ 2. It is a type of twisted-pair cable that is used in structured cabling for computer
networks such as Ethernet.
_________ 3. It is a hand-held device used to strip the electrical insulation from electric wires.
_________ 4. It is an electronic device used to verify the correct wiring of connectors on the
cable.
_________ 5. It is used to connect devices of different types, such as a computer to a router.
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INFORMATION SHEET
ETHERNET CABLE
An Ethernet cable is a common type of network cable used with wired networks. Ethernet
cables connect devices such as PCs, routers, and switches within a local area network.
COLOR CODES FOR RJ-45 ETHERNET PLUG - EIA/TIA 568A/568B AND AT&T 258A
The connections shown are specifically for an RJ45 plug. The wall jack may be wired in a
different sequence because the wires may be crossed inside the jack. The jack should either
come with a wiring diagram or at least designate pin numbers that you can match up to the
color code below.
ETHERNET CABLE WIRING TYPES:
1. Straight-Through Ethernet Cables – are used to connect devices of different types, such
as a computer to a router.
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The table below lists the wire positions of the straight-through cable on both sides.
Side A Side B
Green White Green White
Green Green
Orange White Orange White
Blue Blue
Blue White Blue White
Orange Orange
Brown White Brown White
Brown Brown
A straight-through cable is used to connect the following devices:
PC to Switch
PC to Hub
Router to Switch
Switch to Server
Hub to Server
2. Cross-Over Ethernet Cables – are used to connect devices of the same types, such as a
computer to a computer.
The table below lists the wire positions of the cross-over cable on both sides.
Side A Side B
Green White Orange White
Green Orange
Orange White Green White
Blue Blue
Blue White Blue White
Orange Green
Brown White Brown White
Brown Brown
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The cross-over cable is used to connect the following devices:
Two computers
Two hubs
A hub to a switch
A cable modem to a router
Two router interfaces
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Cable
A UTP cable (category 5) is one of the most popular LAN cables. This cable
consists of 4 twisted pairs of metal wires (that means there are 8 wires in the cable).
Adding RJ45 connectors at both ends of the UTP cable it becomes a LAN cable they
usually use.
TOOLS AND MATERIALS NEEDED IN MAKING A LAN OR ETHERNET CABLE
1. Registered Jack (RJ 45) – RJ45 is an 8-pin standardized physical
network interface for connecting telecommunications or data equipment.
2. UTP Cable (Category 5e) - is a type of twisted-pair cable that is used
in structured cabling for computer networks such as Ethernet.
3. Wire Stripper – is a small, hand-held device used to strip the
electrical insulation from electric wires
4. RJ-45 Crimping Tool – is a tool that is designed to crimp or attach a
connector to the end of a cable
5. Lan Cable Tester - is an electronic device used to verify the correct
wiring of connectors on the cable.
OCCUPATION HEALTH AND SAFETY IN MAKING A LAN CABLE:
Be careful with the tools.
Do not use excessive force if things don’t quite slip into place.
Clean the area before and after using it to maintain sanitation and prevent accidents.
Make sure that the pins are properly aligned.
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HOW TO MAKE A LAN CABLE?
1. Unroll the required length of network cable and add a little extra
wire, just in case. If a boot is to be fitted, do so before stripping away
the sleeve and ensure the boot faces the correct way. Please note that
the cable length should not be more that 100 meters to prevent
attenuation (i.e. degradation of signal strength due to losses as signal
travel down the length of the cable). Keeping the length within 100
meters from the access point (i.e. face plate) to the patch panel or
network switch will ensure good signal strength/quality.
2. Carefully remove the outer jacket of the cable. Be careful when
stripping the jacket as to not nick or cut the internal wiring. One good
way to do this is to cut lengthwise with snips or a knife along the side of
the cable, away from yourself, about an inch toward the open end. This
reduces the risk of nicking the wires' insulation. Locate the string inside
with the wires, or if no string is found, use the wires themselves to
unzip the sheath of the cable by holding the sheath in one hand and
pulling sideways with the string or wire. Cut away the unzipped sheath
and cut the twisted pairs about 1 1/4" (30 mm). You will notice 8 wires
twisted in 4 pairs. Each pair will have one wire of a certain color and
another wire that is white with a colored stripe matching its partner (this
wire is called a tracer).
3. Inspect the newly revealed wires for any cuts or scrapes that
expose the copper wire inside. If you have breached the protective
sheath of any wire, you will need to cut the entire segment of wires off
and start over at step one. Exposed copper wire will lead to cross-talk,
poor performance or no connectivity at all. It is important that the jacket
for all network cables remains intact.
4. Untwist the pairs so they will lay flat between your fingers. The
white piece of thread can be cut off even with the jacket and disposed
(see Warnings). For easier handling, cut the wires so that they are 3/4"
(19 mm) long from the base of the jacket and even in length.
5. Arrange the wires based on the wiring specifications you are
following. There are two methods set by the TIA, 568A and 568B.
Which one you use will depend on what is being connected. A straight-
through cable is used to connect two different-layer devices (e.g. a hub
and a PC). Two like devices normally require a cross-over cable.
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6. Press all the wires flat and parallel between your thumb and
forefinger. Verify the colors have remained in the correct order. Cut
the top of the wires even with one another so that they are 1/2" (12.5
mm) long from the base of the jacket, as the jacket needs to go into the
8P8C connector by about 1/8", meaning that you only have a 1/2" of
room for the individual cables. Leaving more than 1/2" untwisted can
jeopardize connectivity and quality. Ensure that the cut leaves the
wires even and clean; failure to do so may cause the wire not to make
contact inside the jack and could lead to wrongly guided cores inside
the plug
7. Keep the wires flat and in order as you push them into the RJ-45 plug
with the flat surface of the plug on top. The white/orange wire should be
on the left if you're looking down at the jack. You can tell if all the wires made
it into the jack and maintain their positions by looking head-on at the plug.
You should be able to see a wire located in each hole, as seen at the bottom
right. You may have to use a little effort to push the pairs firmly into the plug.
The cabling jacket should also enter the rear of the jack about 1/4" (6 mm) to
help secure the cable once the plug is crimped. You may need to stretch the
sleeve to the proper length. Verify that the sequence is still correct before
crimping.
8. Place the wired plug into the crimping tool. Give the handle a
firm squeeze. You should hear a ratcheting noise as you continue.
Once you have completed the crimp, the handle will reset to the open
position. To ensure all pins are set, some prefer to double-crimp by
repeating this step.
9. Repeat all of the above steps with the other end of the cable.
The way you wire the other end (568A or 568B) will depend on whether
you're making a straight-through or cross-over cable.
10. Test the cable to ensure that it will function in the field.
Mis-wired and incomplete network cables could lead to headaches
down the road. In addition, with power-over-Ethernet (PoE) making its
way into the marketplace, crossed wire pairs could lead to physical
damage of computers or phone system equipment, making it even
more crucial that the pairs are in the correct order. A simple cable
tester can quickly verify that information for you. Should you not have a
network cable tester on hand, simply test connectivity pin to pin.
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Self-Check No. 1
Direction: Name the pictures in Column B and match it to the descriptions in Column A. Write
your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Column A Column B
____1. an 8-pin standardized physical network
interface for connecting telecommunications or A
_____________
data equipment.
____ 2. a type of twisted-pair cable that is used in
structured cabling for computer networks such as
_____________ B
Ethernet.
____ 3. a small, hand-held device used to strip the
electrical insulation from electric wires _____________ C
____ 4. an electronic device used to verify the
correct wiring of connectors on the cable.
_____________ D
____ 5. a tool that is designed to crimp or attach a
connector to the end of a cable
_____________ E
Self-Check No. 2
Direction. Rearrange the following procedures in their proper order. Use numbers to
indicate their order of precedence. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
_______ 1. Place the wired plug into the crimping tool.
_______ 2. Press all the wires flat and parallel between your thumb and forefinger.
_______ 3. Untwist the pairs so they will lay flat between your fingers.
_______ 4. Carefully remove the outer jacket of the cable.
_______ 5. Test the cable to ensure that it will function in the field.
_______ 6. Unroll the required length of network cable and add a little extra wire, just in case.
_______ 7. Inspect the newly revealed wires for any cuts or scrapes that expose the copper
wire inside.
______ 8. Arrange the wires based on the wiring specifications you are following.
______ 9. Keep the wires flat and in order as you push them into the RJ-45 plug with the flat surface
of the plug on top.
______ 10. Repeat all of the above steps with the other end of the cable.
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IV. EVALUATION/RUBRICS FOR SCORING
Performance Task.
Direction: Create a straight-through and cross-over cables using the materials and
procedures stated in this Learning Activity Sheet. Ask assistance from your teacher for the
tools and materials needed. Your performance will be graded based on the rubrics below:
RUBRICS FOR PERFORMANCE TASK
Criteria Score
Accuracy 60 %
Adherence to the procedures 20%
Workmanship (applied safety 20%
precautions)
Speed 10%
VI. REFERENCES
https://www.cablinginstall.com/home/article/16467495/copper-splicing-its-not-a-lost-art-yet
https://www.computernetworkingnotes.com/ccna-study-guide/straight-through-and-cross-over-
cable.html
https://www.fiberoptics4sale.com/blogs/archive-posts/95046918-what-is-unshielded-twisted-pair-utp-
cable
http://www.bytepile.com/includes/cable_categories_main_table_color_codes.php
https://www.wikihow.com/Make-a-Network-Cable#/
Prepared by:
MAILENE M. SALES
Teacher II
Batobalani NHS
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