Student Id/Banner Id:
Name: Pranavu Sajan
Subject Name: Business Operations
College Name: Sahrdaya College of advanced Studies
Statement of Originality and Student Declaration
I hereby declare that I know what plagiarism entails, namely, to use another’s work and to
present it as my own without attributing the sources in the correct manner. I further
understand what it means to copy another’s work.
1. I know that plagiarism is a punishable offense because it constitutes theft.
2. I understand the plagiarism and copying policy of Queen Margaret University.
3. I know what the consequences will be if I plagiarize or copy another’s work in any of the
assignments for this programme.
4. I declare therefore that all work presented by me for every aspect of my programme, will
be my own, and where I have made use of another’s work, I will attribute the source in the
correct manner. 5. I acknowledge that the submission of the assignment answer document
constitutes my agreement with the above.
Introduction
In today’s world Information Technology (IT) has a great influence on the day- to -day
operations of a business. With the advent of IT in business environment, the speed and
accuracy of decisions made are enhanced to a great extent. An effective decision made is a
integral asset for a business. With the help of IT tools, this is now practical in real time. This
assignment gives a brief analysis on the impact of IT in the decision-making process with
real life examples and case scenarios.
Decision-Making Process
Decision-making process in business is a process of choosing the best course of action from
the available options with the gathered information. The key steps include:
1.Identifying Issues
The primary step is to find out the current threat prevailing around the business that need to
be rectified.
2.Gathering Data
Collect relevant and material information that can influence on the decisions to be made.
3.Analysing Options
Inspect all the possible alternatives and possibilities that can be considered to be taken as a
solution.
4.Choose the Best Alternative
Choose the best remedy from the available options which suits the business the most.
5.Implement the Decision
Make the plan into action by applying the chosen remedy towards the prevailing problem.
6.Evaluate the outcome
Check whether the results of the decision has reached the desired outcome or any further
changes are to be made.
Technology in Decision-Making
1.Expert System
An expert system is a computer-based system that uses artificial intelligence (AI)
technologies to give similar judgement and behaviour of a human that has expertise and
specialized knowledge in a particular field. This system provides specialised knowledge to
managers in fields like law, finance, medicine, engineering etc. This is designed to solve
complex problems that ordinary decision makers cannot solve. They provide consistent
answers , reducing errors in the decision. (1)
2.Predictive Analysis Software
Predictive analytics software uses statistical tools and techniques to analyse historical data
and past trends to predict future challenges. This helps in identifying potential risks and
uncertainties that are likely to affect the business and take necessary remedial actions to
prevent it thereby avoiding the underlying risks ahead of us. (2)
3.Artificial Intelligence (AI)
The integration of artificial intelligence in business assists decision makers to undertake
crucial decisions that may have not been possible without AI. AI tools helps us with making
more accurate decisions. This integration can lead to overall efficiency, accuracy in various
fields like finance, healthcare, marketing etc. (2)
4.Data Analysis and Big Data
Big data contain large amount of complex data which can be accessed to support in the
decision making process. This data include transactions, customer behaviour, market trends
and more. It assists users in identifying unusual patterns and trends, thereby making a well
informed decisions.. (2)
5.Cloud Computing
. Cloud platforms enables large volume of data to be processed simultaneously. With access
to real-time data, organizations can make decisions based on facts rather than assumption.
Cloud computing also allows to run simulations, enabling leaders to make a better choice
while making decisions. (2)
Case Studies on IT Integration and decision making
1.Google: Data-Driven Advertising and Search Engine
Optimisation
Google, a massive technology company famous for its search engine, uses AI to help users
find information quickly on almost any topic. Google, with the help of data analytics,
optimises its advertising and search engine programmes for its users. The integration of
machine learning along with user behaviour tracking supports in personalization of ads and
search results. This data assists decision about ad placement and adjustments to
algorithms. This way customer interaction is made.
2.Coca Cola: Digital Marketing and Customer Analytics
Coca Cola, a popular soft drink brand, heavily relies on information technology to manage its
marketing and customer interaction. Coca Cola uses a digital marketing strategy by data
analytics to capture the market. Integration of AI is used for target advertising. The digital
system of coca cola gathers intel about customers taste and preferences. By analysing the
customer preferences, Coca cola launches new product and personalized marketing.
3.Amazon:AI-Driven Recommendations and Inventory
Management
Amazon is one of the world’s largest e-commerce and technology companies who adopted
cloud computing, artificial intelligence. The utilization of AI-powered recommendations
engines and advanced inventory management systems. Through machine learning, Amazon
captures and absorbs customer behaviour and preferences. This way it is easier to make
effective decisions.
Challenges of IT in Decision-Making
Data overload can become a major issue unless dealt with. The installation and
maintenance of technological tools can be a burden especially for smaller organisation.
There is also increased risk of hackers accessing sensitive data which may affect the
reputation of the company. Low availability of employees with technical skills is another
problem.(3)
Future Trends in IT and Decision Making
AI and predictive analysis are reshaping how a business functions. Machine learning and AI
are to set become even more advanced. For business, the future looks promising thanks to
these technological advancements. Enhanced machine learning algorithms will enable
companies to make more precise decisions. (4)
Conclusion
Integration of IT in decision making offers powerful advantages as well as bring significant
challenges. Company must address the challenges to adapt to new technologies. The
benefits are substantial, as it supports everything from inventory management to predictive
analysis.IT helps companies make faster, smarter choices by providing access to real time
data. If correctly used IT can become a great asset which helps company adapt to the
dynamic changes and make the company move forward.
References
1.https://www.techtarget.com/
2. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/decision-making-digital-age-how-technology-our-choices-
hassan-el-hajj
3. https://www.tsd.com/blog/insights/5-fundamental-challenges-encountered-by-it-decision-
makers/
4. https://www.180ops.com/180-perspective-change/future-of-data-driven-decision-making-and-
predictive-analytics
