Cloud Computing Notes (CS4008)
Unit 1
Unit 1: Introduction to Cloud Computing (CS4008)
1. Definition of Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services—such as servers, storage, databases,
networking, software, analytics—over the internet ("the cloud") to offer faster innovation,
flexible resources, and economies of scale.
Example: Using Google Drive to store files online instead of your local device.
2. Cloud Architecture
- Frontend: User interface (browser, app)
- Backend: Servers, storage, database, application, infrastructure
- Cloud Delivery Models: IaaS, PaaS, SaaS
- Network: The internet or intranet to connect user and cloud services
3. Characteristics of Cloud Computing
- On-demand self-service
- Broad network access
- Resource pooling
- Rapid elasticity
- Measured service
4. Deployment Models
- Public Cloud, Private Cloud, Hybrid Cloud, Community Cloud
5. Service Models
- IaaS (e.g., AWS EC2), PaaS (e.g., Google App Engine), SaaS (e.g., Gmail)
6. Components of Cloud Computing
- Clients, Datacenters, Distributed Servers
7. Applications of Cloud Computing
- Backup, Email, E-commerce, Virtual Classrooms, AI/ML, Healthcare
8. Benefits and Limitations
- Benefits: Cost, Scalability, Accessibility, Collaboration
- Limitations: Downtime, Security, Control, Vendor lock-in
9. Grid vs Cloud Computing (comparison table)
Unit 2
Unit 2: Cloud Infrastructure and Virtualization (CS4008)
1. Abstraction and Virtualization
- Abstraction hides implementation details.
- Virtualization creates virtual versions of hardware/software.
2. Virtualization Technologies
- Server, Storage, Network Virtualization
- Tools: VMware, Hyper-V, VirtualBox
3. Load Balancing
- Distributes workload for performance and availability
4. Hypervisors
- Type 1 (bare metal): VMware ESXi
- Type 2 (hosted): VirtualBox
- Manages virtual machines
5. Capacity Planning
- Predict future resource needs for cost-effective scaling
Unit 3
Unit 3: Cloud Administration and Security Management (CS4008)
1. Cloud Management Responsibilities
- Resource provisioning, billing, SLA compliance
2. Lifecycle Management
- Provision -> Monitor -> Scale -> Terminate
3. Security Management
- Infrastructure, Network, Application, Data-level Security
- Tools: VPN, Firewalls, IDS/IPS
4. Jurisdiction & Data Privacy
- Location laws (e.g., GDPR, HIPAA)
5. Identity and Access Management (IAM)
- Authentication, Authorization, RBAC, MFA
6. Risk and Trust
- SLA-based trust, reputation, risk modeling
7. Authentication Techniques
- Password, Biometric, OAuth, SSO
8. Cloud Contracting & Client Access
- Defines terms: uptime, ownership, compliance
Unit 4
Unit 4: Case Studies (CS4008)
1. Amazon AWS
- EC2, S3, RDS, Lambda
- Scalable, cost-efficient
2. Microsoft Azure
- VMs, Blob, SQL, Azure Functions
- Microsoft integration
3. IBM Cloud (Bluemix)
- Watson AI, Blockchain, Cloud Foundry
4. Google Cloud Platform
- Compute Engine, BigQuery, Firebase
5. Rackspace
- Managed multi-cloud services
Comparison table of features and strengths
Unit 5
Unit 5: Emerging Cloud Technologies (CS4008)
1. Kubernetes
- Container orchestration, auto-scaling, pods
2. Docker
- Containers, Dockerfiles, Isolation
3. CloudSim
- Cloud simulation for testing
4. OpenStack
- IaaS OS with Nova, Swift, Keystone
5. OpenNebula
- Open-source hybrid cloud platform
6. Aneka
- .NET-based cloud app development platform
Comparison summary of tools and use cases
Assignment Questions – Unit Wise
Unit 1: Introduction to Cloud Computing
1. 1. Define cloud computing. Explain how it differs from traditional computing models.
2. 2. Explain the five essential characteristics of cloud computing with examples.
3. 3. Compare and contrast public, private, hybrid, and community cloud models.
4. 4. Differentiate between IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS with real-world examples.
5. 5. What are the major benefits and limitations of cloud computing?
6. 6. Compare Grid Computing and Cloud Computing based on architecture, usage, and
resource management.
Unit 2: Cloud Infrastructure and Virtualization
7. 1. Explain the concept of abstraction and virtualization with suitable examples.
8. 2. Describe server, storage, and network virtualization.
9. 3. What is a hypervisor? Compare Type 1 and Type 2 hypervisors.
10. 4. Discuss the importance of load balancing in cloud infrastructure.
11. 5. Explain the need for capacity planning in cloud environments.
12. 6. How does virtualization enable cloud scalability and efficiency?
Unit 3: Cloud Administration and Security Management
13. 1. What are the key responsibilities in cloud management?
14. 2. Explain the lifecycle of a cloud service from provisioning to termination.
15. 3. Describe different types of security mechanisms in cloud computing.
16. 4. What is IAM? How does it contribute to security in the cloud?
17. 5. Explain jurisdictional and data privacy challenges in cloud computing.
18. 6. Discuss the role of SLAs in building trust between cloud providers and clients.
Unit 4: Case Studies
19. 1. List and explain the core services offered by Amazon Web Services (AWS).
20. 2. How does Microsoft Azure support hybrid cloud environments?
21. 3. Compare AWS, Azure, and GCP in terms of services and market strengths.
22. 4. Write a short note on IBM Cloud and its AI capabilities.
23. 5. What role does Rackspace play in multi-cloud management?
24. 6. Create a comparison table of major cloud providers based on service model, strength,
and uniqueness.
Unit 5: Emerging Cloud Technologies
25. 1. What is Kubernetes? Explain its components and benefits.
26. 2. How does Docker simplify application deployment?
27. 3. Describe the use of CloudSim in research and education.
28. 4. Explain the architecture and components of OpenStack.
29. 5. What is Aneka? Describe its programming models and cloud support.
30. 6. Compare Docker and Kubernetes in terms of roles and use cases.
