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The document lists various universal, electromagnetic, particle, atomic, thermodynamic, and material constants along with their symbols, values, and units. It includes constants such as the speed of light, gravitational constant, and electron charge, among others. This compilation serves as a reference for students in the 12th grade studying CBSE, ISC, JEE, or NEET exams.

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15 views1 page

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The document lists various universal, electromagnetic, particle, atomic, thermodynamic, and material constants along with their symbols, values, and units. It includes constants such as the speed of light, gravitational constant, and electron charge, among others. This compilation serves as a reference for students in the 12th grade studying CBSE, ISC, JEE, or NEET exams.

Uploaded by

happycartz.in
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: Pratham.N.

Mane
Class: 12th
Board/Exam: CBSE / ISC / JEE / NEET

1) Universal & Electromagnetic Constants

# Constant Symbol Value Unit


1 Speed of light in vacuum c 3.00 × 10^8 m/s
2 Gravitational constant G 6.674 × 10^-11 N·m²/kg²
3 Acceleration due to gravity (near Earth) g 9.8 (≈ 9.81) m/s²
4 Planck’s constant h 6.626 × 10^-34 J·s
5 Reduced Planck’s constant ħ = h/2π 1.055 × 10^-34 J·s
6 Permittivity of free space ε₀ 8.854 × 10^-12 C²/(N·m²)
7 Permeability of free space μ₀ 4π × 10^-7 T·m/A (or N/A²)
8 Coulomb’s constant k = 1/(4π ε₀) 9.0 × 10^9 N·m²/C²
9 Fine-structure constant α ≈ 1/137 dimensionless
10 Rydberg constant R_H 1.097 × 10^7 m^-1
2) Particle & Atomic Constants

# Constant Symbol Value Unit


11 Electron charge e 1.602 × 10^-19 C
12 Electron mass m_e 9.109 × 10^-31 kg
13 Proton mass m_p 1.673 × 10^-27 kg
14 Neutron mass m_n 1.675 × 10^-27 kg
15 Atomic mass unit 1 u (amu) 1.660 × 10^-27 kg
16 Mass–energy of 1 u – 931.5 MeV/c²
17 Avogadro’s number N_A 6.022 × 10^23 mol^-1
3) Thermodynamics & Radiation

# Constant Symbol Value Unit


18 Universal gas constant R 8.314 J/(mol·K)
19 Boltzmann constant k_B 1.381 × 10^-23 J/K
20 Stefan–Boltzmann constant σ 5.67 × 10^-8 W/(m²·K⁴)
21 Wien’s displacement constant b 2.898 × 10^-3 m·K
22 Electron volt 1 eV 1.602 × 10^-19 J
4) Fluids, Heat, and Material Properties

# Constant Symbol Value Unit


23 Standard atmospheric pressure – 1.013 × 10^5 Pa
24 Density of water (≈ 4°C) – 1000 kg/m³
25 Surface tension of water (≈ 20°C) – 72 × 10^-3 N/m
26 Viscosity of water (≈ 20°C) – 1.0 × 10^-3 Pa·s
27 Specific heat of water – 4186 J/(kg·K)
28 Latent heat of fusion of ice – 3.33 × 10^5 J/kg
29 Latent heat of vaporization of water – 2.26 × 10^6 J/kg
30 Young’s modulus of steel – 2.0 × 10^11 N/m² (Pa)
5) Additional (Useful for Modern Physics/Olympiads)

# Constant Symbol Value Unit


31 Bohr radius a₀ 5.29 × 10^-11 m
32 Bohr magneton μ_B 9.27 × 10^-24 J/T
33 Nuclear magneton μ_N 5.05 × 10^-27 J/T
34 Fermi coupling constant G_F 1.166 × 10^-5 GeV^-2
35 Cosmological constant Λ ≈ 1.1 × 10^-52 m^-2
36 Electron rest energy m_e c² 0.511 MeV
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