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DSA Notes Complete

The document provides an overview of various data structures and algorithms, including definitions, operations, types, and common problems associated with each. It covers Arrays, Strings, Linked Lists, Stacks & Queues, Binary Search, Trees, Graphs, Heaps, Dynamic Programming, Greedy algorithms, and Backtracking. Each section highlights key concepts and example problems relevant to the respective data structure or algorithm.

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25 views2 pages

DSA Notes Complete

The document provides an overview of various data structures and algorithms, including definitions, operations, types, and common problems associated with each. It covers Arrays, Strings, Linked Lists, Stacks & Queues, Binary Search, Trees, Graphs, Heaps, Dynamic Programming, Greedy algorithms, and Backtracking. Each section highlights key concepts and example problems relevant to the respective data structure or algorithm.

Uploaded by

allaripilla8968
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Arrays

- Definition: A collection of elements stored at contiguous memory locations.

- Operations: Traversal, Insertion, Deletion, Searching, Sorting.

- Common Problems: Two Sum, Kadane's Algorithm, Maximum Subarray.

Strings
- Definition: A sequence of characters.

- Operations: Concatenation, Comparison, Searching, Manipulation.

- Common Problems: Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters, Anagram Check.

Linked List
- Definition: A linear data structure where elements are stored in nodes with pointers.

- Types: Singly, Doubly, Circular.

- Common Problems: Reverse Linked List, Detect Cycle, Merge Sorted Lists.

Stacks & Queues


- Stack: LIFO structure. Use cases include function calls, expression evaluation.

- Queue: FIFO structure. Used in scheduling, BFS.

- Common Problems: Valid Parentheses, Min Stack, Circular Queue.

Binary Search
- Used for searching in a sorted array with O(log n) time.

- Common Problems: Binary Search, Search in Rotated Array, Find Peak Element.

Trees
- Definition: Hierarchical data structure with nodes.

- Types: Binary Tree, BST, AVL, etc.

- Common Problems: Inorder Traversal, Max Depth, LCA, Diameter of Tree.

Graphs
- Definition: Set of nodes connected by edges.

- Representations: Adjacency Matrix/List.

- Algorithms: BFS, DFS, Dijkstra, Union-Find, Topological Sort.

Heaps
- Definition: Binary tree based data structure that satisfies the heap property.

- Types: Min-Heap, Max-Heap.

- Common Problems: Kth Largest Element, Merge K Sorted Lists.

Dynamic Programming
- Concept: Break problems into subproblems, solve each once, store the result.

- Approaches: Top-Down (Memoization), Bottom-Up (Tabulation).

- Common Problems: Climb Stairs, LCS, Coin Change, 0/1 Knapsack.

Greedy
- Concept: Make the locally optimal choice at each stage.

- Common Problems: Activity Selection, Gas Station, Jump Game.

Backtracking
- Concept: Try all possible solutions and backtrack upon failure.

- Common Problems: N-Queens, Sudoku Solver, Subset Generation.

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