UNIT - V usually animated on 12 frames per second with occasional faster action
animated 24 frames per second.
COMPUTER ANIMATION
Introduction: 2. 2D Animation: 2D animation creates movement within a
● The term Computer Animation generally refers to any time sequence of two-dimensional space, often using hand-drawn or digital illustrations.
visual changes in a scene. Computer animation can also be generated 2D Animation is referred to Vector-Based animation like the ones done
by changing camera parameters, such as position, orientation and focal in flash. 2D animation in a different category is that in addition to the
length. option of animating frame by frame, an animator has an option of
● It is defined as the act of making something alive. creating rigs for the characters, and then moving the body parts
● In Animation, a series of images rapidly changed to create an illusion of individually, instead of drawing the character over and over again.
movement.
● Animation is the art of creating moving images via use of computers. 3. 3D Animation: 3D animation uses three-dimensional models and
● A person who creates animation is called an Animator. environments to create realistic or stylized motion.
● Computer Animation, also known as Digital Animation, is a form of E.g. Movies, Video Games etc.
Computer Generated Imagery(CGI) that focuses on creating moving
images. 4. Computer Animation: It is the subset of both Computer Graphics and
● Computer animation is the process used for digitally generating Animation Technologies. It is the creation of moving images(animation)
moving images. The more general term computer-generated using computer technology.
imagery (CGI) encompasses both still images and moving images,
while computer animation only refers to moving images. 5. Motion Graphics: Motion graphics involve animating text, graphics,
and visual elements to convey information or create a visual effect.
Usage of Animtion: E.g. animated logos.
● For story telling.
● For displaying data. 6. Stop-Motion Animation: Stop-motion animation involves physically
manipulating objects frame by frame to create the illusion of movement.
Types of Animation: Mainly there are 5 types of Animations are - E.g. object animation.
1. Traditional or Cel Animation
7. Kinematics: It is the study of the movement and motion of structures
2. 2D Animation
that we have joints, such as walking man.Such types of animation are
3. 3D or Computer Animation
usually used in the areas like mechanics stc.
4. Motion Graphics
5. Stop Motion
Application of Animation:
1. Education and Training: Animation is used in school, colleges and
1. Cel Animation or Traditional Animation: A traditional form of
training centers for education purpose. Flight Simulators for aircraft are
animation used in the production of cartoons of animated movies where
also animated based.
each frame of the scene is drawn by hand. Traditional Animation is
2. Entertainment: Animation methods are now commonly used in making a) Geometric methods involve manipulating the object's position,
motion pictures, music videos and television shows etc rotation, and scale.
3. Computer Aided Design (CAD): One of the best applications of b) Physical methods simulate real-world physics, such as gravity and
computer animation is CAD and is generally referred to as CAD. One of collisions.
the earlier applications of CAD was automobile designing. But now c) Behavioral methods define how objects react to certain events or
almost all types of designing are done by using CAD application, and conditions.
without animation, all these wok can’t be possible. 6. Animation Software and Tools: Various animation software and tools
4. Advertising: This is one of the significant applications of Computer are used to create and manage animation sequences.These tools provide
Animation. The most important advantages of an animated features for object manipulation, rendering, camera motions, and in-between
advertisement is that it takes very less space and capture people's frame generation. Some animation packages also provide functions to store
attention. and manage object databases.
5. Presentation: Animated Presentation is the most effective way to
represent an idea. It is used to describe financial, statistical, Animation Functions:
mathematical, scientific and economic data. 1)
Sequencing or Design of animation:
1. Storyboarding: It is the outline of an action. It defines the motion
sequences as a set of basic that are to take place. Depending on the
type of animation to be produced, the storyboard could consist of a set
of rough sketches or it could be a list of basic ideas for motion.
2. Object Definition: Each object participating in the action is given object
definition, such as terms of basic shapes, such as polygons or splines.
3. Key Frame Specification: A Keyframe in animation and film making is
a drawing that defines the starting and ending point of any smooth
transition. A sequence of key frame which movement the spactotor will
see, but the position of the keyframe on the film, defines the timing of
the movement. 2 & 3 can be present for a span of a second.
4. Generation of In-between Frames: It is the process of generating
intermediate frames between 2 images to give appearance that the first
image evolves smoothly into the second image. In between are the
drawing between the keyframes which help to create the illusion of
motion. Film requires 24 frames per second and graphic terminals
are refreshed at a rate of 30 to 60 frames per second.
5. Motion Control: Motion in animation can be controlled through
geometric, physical, or behavioral methods.
2)
Animation File Formats:
Directory .dir
Animation pro .fli & .flc
3D Studio max .max
Supercard and Directory .pics
Compuserve .gif
Flash .fla & .swf
Software Used: 3D Studio max, flash, Animation Pro.
There are 3 more topics i.e. -
KeyFrame Systems & Motion Specification in Animation &
Fundamental Principles of Animation:
